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    Gcg glucagon [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 14526, updated on 13-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Gcgprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    glucagonprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:95674
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000000394 AllianceGenome:MGI:95674
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Glu; PPG; GLP-1
    Summary
    This gene encodes glucagon, a pancreatic hormone that counteracts the action of insulin in the bloodstream. The encoded protein is processed to generate glucagon and two other glucagon-like peptides, GLP1 and GLP2. Glucagon stimulates gluconeogenesis, glycogenolysis and lipolysis. GLP1 induces secretion of insulin, suppresses glucagon secretion and inhibits feeding. GLP2 induces intestinal absorption of glucose by stimulating the growth of intestinal cells and preventing apoptosis. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2015]
    Expression
    Biased expression in large intestine adult (RPKM 20.8), colon adult (RPKM 13.3) and 2 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See Gcg in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2 C1.3; 2 35.85 cM
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 2 NC_000068.8 (62304874..62313997, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 2 NC_000068.7 (62474530..62483653, complement)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000068.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene dipeptidylpeptidase 4 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr2:62229877-62230177 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_04638 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_04639 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5925 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E8786 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E8787 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_04641 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E3379 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E2037 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5926 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5927 Neighboring gene predicted gene 13561 Neighboring gene Gcg promoter region Neighboring gene fibroblast activation protein Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_04642 Neighboring gene interferon induced with helicase C domain 1 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39839

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Variation

    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor binding  
    enables glucagon receptor binding  
    enables glucagon receptor binding  
    enables hormone activity  
    enables hormone activity  
    enables hormone activity  
    enables identical protein binding  
    enables identical protein binding  
    enables receptor ligand activity PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway PubMed 
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-modulating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in cellular response to glucagon stimulus PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of gluconeogenesis PubMed 
    involved_in glucose homeostasis PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process  
    involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of appetite  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of execution phase of apoptosis PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of calcium ion import PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of gluconeogenesis PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus  
    involved_in positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of peptidyl-threonine phosphorylation PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein binding PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein kinase activity PubMed 
    involved_in protein kinase A signaling  
    involved_in protein kinase A signaling PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of insulin secretion PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of insulin secretion PubMed 
    involved_in response to activity PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm PubMed 
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space  
    is_active_in plasma membrane PubMed 
    located_in secretory granule lumen  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    pro-glucagon
    Names
    glucagon-like peptide I

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_008100.4NP_032126.1  pro-glucagon preproprotein

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032126.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AK148544, AL928576
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS16066.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P55095, Q3UFE9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A2AS86
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000099794.4, ENSMUST00000102733.10
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00070
      Location:5379
      GLUCA; Glucagon like hormones
      pfam00123
      Location:98124
      Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000068.8 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      62304874..62313997 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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