Diagnosis

Diagnosis of congenital chromosome abnormalities, including aneuploidy, structural abnormalities, and balanced rearrangements

The cytogenetic procedure to study cells from peripheral blood is designed to reduce the problems from the common interfering factors. A portion of the whole blood is transferred to a flask containing media and a cell mitogen. The cells are incubated for 66 to 72 hours at 37 degrees C. … The cytogenetic procedure to study cells from peripheral blood is designed to reduce the problems from the common interfering factors. A portion of the whole blood is transferred to a flask containing media and a cell mitogen. The cells are incubated for 66 to 72 hours at 37 degrees C. In the harvesting process, the cells are exposed to colcemid, ethidium bromide, and hypotonic solution and are fixed with glacial acetic acid and methanol. Metaphase cells are dropped onto microscope slides and routinely stained by G-banding. Other staining methods are employed as needed. Twenty metaphases are usually examined. In cases with suspected mosaicism, 30 or more metaphases are analyzed. In cases in which testing is ordered for confirmation of a known familial chromosome abnormality, an abbreviated study consisting of the analysis of 5 total metaphases may be performed. Minimal evidence for the presence of an abnormality is defined as 2 or more metaphases with the same structural abnormality or chromosome gain (trisomy), or 3 or more metaphases lacking the same chromosome. Five or more digitized images of metaphases are stored in a computer-based imaging system and karyograms are made from 2 or more representative metaphases.(Arsham MS, Barch MJ, Lawce HJ, eds. The AGT Cytogenetics Laboratory Manual. 4th ed. John Wiley and Sons; 2017; Spurbeck JL, Carlson RO, Allen JE, Dewald GW: Culturing and robotic harvesting of bone marrow, lymph nodes, peripheral blood, fibroblasts, and solid tumors with in situ techniques. Cancer Genet Cytogenet. 1988;32[1]:59-66) View more

Tests performed
Entire test performed in-house

Standard chromosome analysis is performed at the 400 band level and detects pathogenic rearrangements greater than 5 to 10 Mb in size.

Is proficiency testing performed for this test? Help
No

Software used to interpret novel variations Help
Variants may be analyzed using any combination of the following: Alamut, REVEL, Polyphen-2, SIFT, AGVGD, MutationTaster, SpliceSiteFinder-like, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, gene-specific online databases, ISCA, UCSC Genome Browser

Laboratory's policy on reporting novel variations Help
All novel variants and copy number variants are evaluated for potential pathogenicity and included in the written report, accordingly.