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| Status |
Public on Feb 14, 2008 |
| Title |
EXECUTER1- and EXECUTER2-dependent transfer of stress signals from the plastid to the nucleus of Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Organism |
Arabidopsis thaliana |
| Experiment type |
Expression profiling by array
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| Summary |
Shortly after the release of singlet oxygen (1O2), drastic changes in nuclear gene expression occur in the conditional flu mutant of Arabidopsis that reveal a rapid transfer of signals from the plastid to the nucleus. In contrast to retrograde control of nuclear gene expression by plastid signals described earlier, the primary effect of 1O2 generation in the flu mutant is not the control of chloroplast biogenesis but the activation of a broad range of signaling pathways known to be involved in biotic and abiotic stress responses. This activity of a plastid-derived signal suggests a new function of the chloroplast, namely that of a sensor of environmental changes that activates a broad range of stress responses. Inactivation of the plastid protein EXECUTER1 attenuates the extent of 1O2-induced up-regulation of nuclear gene expression, but it does not fully eliminate these changes. A second related nuclear-encoded protein, dubbed EXECUTER2, has been identified that is also implicated with the signaling of 1O2-dependent nuclear gene expression changes. Like EXECUTER1, EXECUTER2 is confined to the plastid. Inactivation of both EXECUTER proteins in the ex1/ex2/flu triple mutant is sufficient to suppress the up-regulation of almost all 1O2-responsive genes. Retrograde control of 1O2-responsive genes requires the concerted action of both EXECUTER proteins within the plastid compartment.
Keywords: biotic and abiotic stress response, nuclear gene expression, plastid-derived signal, Col-0 ecotype, continuous light and then dark-incubated plants
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| Overall design |
Two individual biologica replicates, each containing material of five mature plants of wild type, flu, ex1/flu, ex2/flu, and ex1/ex2/flu, respectively, were used for the microarray analysis. Plants were germinated on soil and kept under continuous light until the beginning of bolting and then transferred to the dark for 8 h. Dark-incubated mature plants were reilluminated for 30 min and subsequently harvested for RNA extraction.
The EX1 (At4g33630) T-DNA insertion line SALK 002088 and EX2 (At1g27510) T-DNA insertion line SALK 012127 were obtained from the European Arabidopsis Stock Centre (NASC). Homozygous mutant lines were identified by PCR analysis by using T-DNA-, EX1- and EX2-specific primers. Both T-DNA-lines were crossed with a flu Col-0 line that had been obtained by 5 backcrosses of flu1-1 in Landsberg erecta with wild-type Columbia. The ex1/flu and ex2/flu mutant lines were crossed, and within the segregating F2 population triple mutants were identified by PCR-based genotyping. For the cultivation of mature plants, seeds of wild type, flu, ex1/flu, ex2/flu, and ex1/ex2/flu, all in Col-0 ecotype, were sown on soil and plants were grown under continuous light (100 mol m 2 s 1).
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| Contributor(s) |
Kim C, Lee K, Apel K |
| Citation(s) |
17540731, 22014227 |
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| Submission date |
Feb 13, 2008 |
| Last update date |
Mar 04, 2020 |
| Contact name |
Chanhong Kim |
| E-mail(s) |
[email protected]
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| Organization name |
ETH Zurich
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| Department |
Plant Sciences
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| Lab |
Institute of Plant Genetics
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| Street address |
Universitystr. 2
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| City |
Zurich |
| ZIP/Postal code |
8092 |
| Country |
Switzerland |
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| Platforms (1) |
| GPL198 |
[ATH1-121501] Affymetrix Arabidopsis ATH1 Genome Array |
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| Samples (10)
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| GSM265533 |
flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_2 |
| GSM265534 |
ex1_flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_1 |
| GSM265535 |
ex1_flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_2 |
| GSM265536 |
ex2_flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_1 |
| GSM265537 |
ex2_flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_2 |
| GSM265538 |
ex1ex2flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_1 |
| GSM265539 |
ex1ex2flu_dark 8hours/30 minute light_2 |
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| Relations |
| BioProject |
PRJNA107969 |
| Supplementary file |
Size |
Download |
File type/resource |
| GSE10509_RAW.tar |
34.9 Mb |
(http)(custom) |
TAR (of CEL, CHP) |
| Processed data included within Sample table |
| Processed data provided as supplementary file |
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