AKR1C3 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: AKR1C3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:386
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000196139 MIM:603966; AllianceGenome:HGNC:386
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: DD3; DDX; PGFS; HAKRB; HAKRe; HA1753; HSD17B5; hluPGFS
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the aldo/keto reductase superfamily, which consists of more than 40 known enzymes and proteins. These enzymes catalyze the conversion of aldehydes and ketones to their corresponding alcohols by utilizing NADH and/or NADPH as cofactors. The enzymes display overlapping but distinct substrate specificity. This enzyme catalyzes the reduction of prostaglandin (PG) D2, PGH2 and phenanthrenequinone (PQ), and the oxidation of 9alpha,11beta-PGF2 to PGD2. It may play an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases such as asthma, and may also have a role in controlling cell growth and/or differentiation. This gene shares high sequence identity with three other gene members and is clustered with those three genes at chromosome 10p15-p14. Three transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2011]
Expression: Broad expression in duodenum (RPKM 122.7), gall bladder (RPKM 91.1) and 15 other tissues See more
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 10p15.1

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	10	NC_000010.11 (5048781..5107686)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	10	NC_060934.1 (5049294..5108188)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	10	NC_000010.10 (5090973..5149878)

Chromosome 10 - NC_000010.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

AKR1C3 silencing inhibits autophagy-dependent glycolysis in thyroid cancer cells by inactivating ERK signaling.
Title: AKR1C3 silencing inhibits autophagy-dependent glycolysis in thyroid cancer cells by inactivating ERK signaling.
Inhibition of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 overcomes gemcitabine/cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer.
Title: Inhibition of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 overcomes gemcitabine/cisplatin resistance in bladder cancer.
Aldo-keto reductase family member C3 (AKR1C3) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth by producing prostaglandin F2alpha.
Title: Aldo-keto reductase family member C3 (AKR1C3) promotes hepatocellular carcinoma cell growth by producing prostaglandin F2α.
Keratinocytes Exposed to Blue or Red Light: Proteomic Characterization Showed Cytoplasmic Thioredoxin Reductase 1 and Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 Triggered Expression.
Title: Keratinocytes Exposed to Blue or Red Light: Proteomic Characterization Showed Cytoplasmic Thioredoxin Reductase 1 and Aldo-Keto Reductase Family 1 Member C3 Triggered Expression.
In Vitro Evaluation of the Reductase Activities of Human AKR1C3 Allelic Variants.
Title: In Vitro Evaluation of the Reductase Activities of Human AKR1C3 Allelic Variants.
AKR1C3 suppresses ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through regulation of YAP/SLC7A11 signaling pathway.
Title: AKR1C3 suppresses ferroptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma through regulation of YAP/SLC7A11 signaling pathway.
Establishing a Proteomics-Based Signature of AKR1C3-Related Genes for Predicting the Prognosis of Prostate Cancer.
Title: Establishing a Proteomics-Based Signature of AKR1C3-Related Genes for Predicting the Prognosis of Prostate Cancer.
Availability of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 and ATP-binding cassette B1 as therapeutic targets for alleviating paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer MCF7 cells.
Title: Availability of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 and ATP-binding cassette B1 as therapeutic targets for alleviating paclitaxel resistance in breast cancer MCF7 cells.
Influence of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 polymorphisms in early-onset female psoriasis patients.
Title: Influence of aldo-keto reductase 1C3 polymorphisms in early-onset female psoriasis patients.
AKR1C3-dependent lipid droplet formation confers hepatocellular carcinoma cell adaptability to targeted therapy.
Title: AKR1C3-dependent lipid droplet formation confers hepatocellular carcinoma cell adaptability to targeted therapy.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (130)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Human metabolic individuality in biomedical and pharmaceutical research. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH25343 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:85263

D10S1443 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:50021

RH1568 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:68503

SHGC-31479 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:51874

G62081 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:139227

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables 15-hydroxyprostaglandin-D dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables 5alpha-androstane-3beta,17beta-diol dehydrogenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables Delta4-3-oxosteroid 5beta-reductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables aldo-keto reductase (NADPH) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables aldo-keto reductase (NADPH) activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables aldose reductase (NADPH) activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables aldose reductase (NADPH) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables all-trans-retinol dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables androstan-3-alpha,17-beta-diol dehydrogenase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables androsterone dehydrogenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables androsterone dehydrogenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables bile acid binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables estradiol 17-beta-dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables geranylgeranyl reductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables ketoreductase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables ketosteroid monooxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables ketosteroid monooxygenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables oxidoreductase activity, acting on NAD(P)H, quinone or similar compound as acceptor	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables prostaglandin D2 11-ketoreductase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables prostaglandin F synthase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables prostaglandin H2 endoperoxidase reductase activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables retinal dehydrogenase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables testosterone dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables testosterone dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+] activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to calcium ion	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to corticosteroid stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to jasmonic acid stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to prostaglandin D stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to prostaglandin stimulus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in cellular response to starvation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in cyclooxygenase pathway	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in daunorubicin metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in daunorubicin metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in doxorubicin metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in doxorubicin metabolic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in farnesol catabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in keratinocyte differentiation	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in macromolecule metabolic process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in male gonad development	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of retinoic acid biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in progesterone metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in progesterone metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in prostaglandin metabolic process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of testosterone biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in renal absorption	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in response to nutrient	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in retinal metabolic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in retinoid metabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
involved_in retinol metabolic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in steroid metabolic process	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in testosterone biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in cytosol	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3

Names: 3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, type II; 3-alpha-HSD type II, brain; chlordecone reductase homolog HAKRb; dihydrodiol dehydrogenase 3; dihydrodiol dehydrogenase X; indanol dehydrogenase; prostaglandin F synthase; testosterone 17-beta-dehydrogenase 5; trans-1,2-dihydrobenzene-1,2-diol dehydrogenase; type IIb 3-alpha hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase

NP_001240837.1

EC 1.1.1.188

EC 1.1.1.210

EC 1.1.1.239

EC 1.1.1.357

EC 1.1.1.53

EC 1.1.1.62

EC 1.1.1.64

NP_001240838.1

EC 1.1.1.188

EC 1.1.1.210

EC 1.1.1.239

EC 1.1.1.357

EC 1.1.1.53

EC 1.1.1.62

EC 1.1.1.64

NP_003730.4

EC 1.1.1.188

EC 1.1.1.210

EC 1.1.1.239

EC 1.1.1.357

EC 1.1.1.53

EC 1.1.1.62

EC 1.1.1.64

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

NG_047094.1 RefSeqGene

Range

50649..63921

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001253908.2 → NP_001240837.1 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 isoform 2

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and coding sequence compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) is the same length as isoform 1 but differs by 1 aa in the N-terminus.

Source sequence(s)

BC019230, BG547635, H79159

Consensus CDS

CCDS73062.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A0A0MSS8, Q2XPP3

Related

ENSP00000401327.3, ENST00000439082.7

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG0656
Location:9 → 305

ARA1; Aldo/keto reductase, related to diketogulonate reductase [Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism]

COG0667
Location:17 → 297

Tas; Predicted oxidoreductase (related to aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase) [General function prediction only]
NM_001253909.2 → NP_001240838.1 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 isoform 3

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001240838.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks several exons at its 3' end, which extends into an intron compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (3) has a shorter and distinct C-terminus compared to isoform 1.

Source sequence(s)

AK296701, AL391427

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4DKT3

Related

ENST00000480697.6

Conserved Domains (2) summary

COG0656
Location:8 → 134

ARA1; Aldo/keto reductase, related to diketogulonate reductase [Secondary metabolites biosynthesis, transport and catabolism]

COG0667
Location:17 → 119

Tas; Predicted oxidoreductase (related to aryl-alcohol dehydrogenase) [General function prediction only]
NM_003739.6 → NP_003730.4 aldo-keto reductase family 1 member C3 isoform 1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003730.4

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes one of the larger isoforms (1).

Source sequence(s)

AV761799, BC019230

Consensus CDS

CCDS7063.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

A8K2V0, B4DL37, P42330, Q5T2L1, Q96DJ1, Q96KI8, Q99530, Q9UCX1, Q9UII3, Q9UKL9

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q2XPP3

Related

ENSP00000369927.3, ENST00000380554.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd19108
Location:6 → 306

AKR_AKR1C1-35; AKR1C family of aldo-keto reductase (AKR)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000010.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

5048781..5107686

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060934.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

5049294..5108188

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

NM_016253.1: Suppressed sequence

Description

NM_016253.1: This RefSeq record was removed by NCBI staff. Contact [email protected] for further information.