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    MRPL44 mitochondrial ribosomal protein L44 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 65080, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    MRPL44provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    mitochondrial ribosomal protein L44provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:16650
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000135900 MIM:611849; AllianceGenome:HGNC:16650
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    mL44; L44MT; COXPD16; MRP-L44
    Summary
    Mammalian mitochondrial ribosomal proteins are encoded by nuclear genes and help in protein synthesis within the mitochondrion. Mitochondrial ribosomes (mitoribosomes) consist of a small 28S subunit and a large 39S subunit. They have an estimated 75% protein to rRNA composition compared to prokaryotic ribosomes, where this ratio is reversed. Another difference between mammalian mitoribosomes and prokaryotic ribosomes is that the latter contain a 5S rRNA. Among different species, the proteins comprising the mitoribosome differ greatly in sequence, and sometimes in biochemical properties, which prevents easy recognition by sequence homology. This gene encodes a 39S subunit protein. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 7.0), lymph node (RPKM 6.9) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See MRPL44 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    2q36.1
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 2 NC_000002.12 (223950854..223967714)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 2 NC_060926.1 (224434103..224450970)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 2 NC_000002.11 (224822180..224832431)

    Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene WD repeat and FYVE domain containing 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:224786671-224787171 Neighboring gene general transcription factor IIIA pseudogene 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907989 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17182 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17183 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12378 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 12379 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17184 Neighboring gene serpin family E member 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907990 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr2:224874015-224875214 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:224879805-224880304 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17185 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 17186 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:224891400-224892039 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr2:224892040-224892678 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124907991 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 13948

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of mitochondrial ribosomal protein L44 (MRPL44) by siRNA inhibits HIV-1 replication in HeLa P4/R5 cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • FLJ12701, FLJ13990, FLJ37688

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables RNA binding HDA PubMed 
    enables double-stranded RNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    NOT enables ribonuclease III activity IKR
    Inferred from Key Residues
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in RNA processing IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in mitochondrial translation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in mitochondrial translational elongation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in mitochondrial translational elongation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in mitochondrial inner membrane NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrial inner membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    part_of mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    part_of mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion HTP PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nuclear body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     
    is_active_in nucleus IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    large ribosomal subunit protein mL44
    Names
    39S ribosomal protein L44, mitochondrial
    mitochondrial large ribosomal subunit protein mL44
    NP_075066.1
    XP_011509970.1
    XP_054199444.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_050679.2 RefSeqGene

      Range
      11611..21862
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_022915.5NP_075066.1  large ribosomal subunit protein mL44

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_075066.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC073641
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS2459.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q53S16, Q6IA62, Q9H821, Q9H9J2
      Related
      ENSP00000258383.3, ENST00000258383.4
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd19874
      Location:225307
      DSRM_MRPL44; double-stranded RNA binding motif of mitochondrial 39S ribosomal protein L44 (MRPL44) and similar proteins
      cl00258
      Location:117222
      RIBOc; Ribonuclease III C terminal domain. This group consists of eukaryotic, bacterial and archeal ribonuclease III (RNAse III) proteins. RNAse III is a double stranded RNA-specific endonuclease. Prokaryotic RNAse III is important in post-transcriptional ...

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000002.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      223950854..223967714
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_011511668.3XP_011509970.1  large ribosomal subunit protein mL44 isoform X1

      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam00636
      Location:115193
      Ribonuclease_3; Ribonuclease III domain
      cl00054
      Location:222290
      DSRM; Double-stranded RNA binding motif. Binding is not sequence specific but is highly specific for double stranded RNA. Found in a variety of proteins including dsRNA dependent protein kinase PKR, RNA helicases, Drosophila staufen protein, E. coli RNase III, ...

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060926.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      224434103..224450970
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054343469.1XP_054199444.1  large ribosomal subunit protein mL44 isoform X1