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    GRIA2 glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 2891, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    GRIA2provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    glutamate ionotropic receptor AMPA type subunit 2provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:4572
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000120251 MIM:138247; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4572
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    GLUR2; GLURB; GluA2; HBGR2; NEDLIB; gluR-2; gluR-B; GluR-K2
    Summary
    Glutamate receptors are the predominant excitatory neurotransmitter receptors in the mammalian brain and are activated in a variety of normal neurophysiologic processes. This gene product belongs to a family of glutamate receptors that are sensitive to alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate (AMPA), and function as ligand-activated cation channels. These channels are assembled from 4 related subunits, GRIA1-4. The subunit encoded by this gene (GRIA2) is subject to RNA editing (CAG->CGG; Q->R) within the second transmembrane domain, which is thought to render the channel impermeable to Ca(2+). Human and animal studies suggest that pre-mRNA editing is essential for brain function, and defective GRIA2 RNA editing at the Q/R site may be relevant to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) etiology. Alternative splicing, resulting in transcript variants encoding different isoforms, (including the flip and flop isoforms that vary in their signal transduction properties), has been noted for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
    Expression
    Restricted expression toward brain (RPKM 36.3) See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Genomic context

    See GRIA2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    4q32.1
    Exon count:
    20
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (157220120..157366075)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (160550597..160711660)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (158141272..158287227)

    Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 582, pseudogene Neighboring gene chromatin accessibility complex subunit 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986238 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2433

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
    • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
    • BioProject: PRJNA270632
    • Publication: PMID 26076956
    • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    HIV-1 interactions

    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    Knockdown of glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2 (GRIA2) by siRNA inhibits HIV-1 replication in HeLa P4/R5 cells PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables AMPA glutamate receptor activity  
    enables AMPA glutamate receptor activity  
    contributes_to AMPA glutamate receptor activity PubMed 
    enables amyloid-beta binding  
    enables amyloid-beta binding PubMed 
    enables glutamate-gated receptor activity PubMed 
    enables ligand-gated monoatomic cation channel activity  
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables transmitter-gated monoatomic ion channel activity involved in regulation of postsynaptic membrane potential  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of AMPA glutamate receptor complex  
    part_of AMPA glutamate receptor complex  
    located_in asymmetric synapse  
    located_in dendrite  
    is_active_in dendritic spine  
    located_in dendritic spine PubMed 
    located_in endocytic vesicle membrane  
    located_in excitatory synapse PubMed 
    located_in external side of plasma membrane PubMed 
    located_in neuronal cell body  
    is_active_in plasma membrane  
    located_in plasma membrane  
    located_in plasma membrane  
    located_in postsynapse PubMed 
    located_in postsynaptic density  
    is_active_in postsynaptic density membrane  
    located_in postsynaptic endocytic zone PubMed 

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    glutamate receptor 2
    Names
    AMPA receptor subunit GluA2
    AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2
    glutamate receptor, ionotropic, AMPA 2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000826.6 → NP_000817.5  glutamate receptor 2 isoform 1 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC079233, AC112240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3797.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4G8
      Related
      ENSP00000296526.7, ENST00000296526.12
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd13715
      Location:413 → 794
      PBP2_iGluR_AMPA; The ligand-binding domain of the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtypes of ionotropic glutamate receptors, a member of the type 2 periplasmic binding fold protein superfamily
      cd06389
      Location:28 → 398
      PBP1_iGluR_AMPA_GluR2; N-terminal leucine-isoleucine-valine binding protein (LIVBP)-like domain of the GluR2 subunit of the AMPA receptor
    2. NM_001083619.3 → NP_001077088.2  glutamate receptor 2 isoform 2 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC079233, AC112240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43274.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8MT92, I6L997, P42262, Q96FP6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4G8
      Related
      ENSP00000264426.9, ENST00000264426.14
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd13715
      Location:413 → 794
      PBP2_iGluR_AMPA; The ligand-binding domain of the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtypes of ionotropic glutamate receptors, a member of the type 2 periplasmic binding fold protein superfamily
      cd06389
      Location:28 → 398
      PBP1_iGluR_AMPA_GluR2; N-terminal leucine-isoleucine-valine binding protein (LIVBP)-like domain of the GluR2 subunit of the AMPA receptor
    3. NM_001083620.3 → NP_001077089.2  glutamate receptor 2 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC079233, AC112240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43275.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z288
      Related
      ENSP00000377403.2, ENST00000393815.6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd13715
      Location:366 → 747
      PBP2_iGluR_AMPA; The ligand-binding domain of the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtypes of ionotropic glutamate receptors, a member of the type 2 periplasmic binding fold protein superfamily
      cl10011
      Location:1 → 351
      Periplasmic_Binding_Protein_type1; Type 1 periplasmic binding fold superfamily
    4. NM_001379000.3 → NP_001365929.3  glutamate receptor 2 isoform 4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC079233, AC112240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS93659.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4F1, B7Z288
      Related
      ENSP00000515446.1, ENST00000703717.1
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd13715
      Location:366 → 747
      PBP2_iGluR_AMPA; The ligand-binding domain of the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtypes of ionotropic glutamate receptors, a member of the type 2 periplasmic binding fold protein superfamily
      cl10011
      Location:1 → 351
      Periplasmic_Binding_Protein_type1; Type 1 periplasmic binding fold superfamily
    5. NM_001379001.3 → NP_001365930.3  glutamate receptor 2 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC079233, AC112240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS43275.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B7Z288
      Related
      ENSP00000426845.1, ENST00000507898.5
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd13715
      Location:366 → 747
      PBP2_iGluR_AMPA; The ligand-binding domain of the AMPA (alpha-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid) subtypes of ionotropic glutamate receptors, a member of the type 2 periplasmic binding fold protein superfamily
      cl10011
      Location:1 → 351
      Periplasmic_Binding_Protein_type1; Type 1 periplasmic binding fold superfamily

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      157220120..157366075
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_047450131.1 → XP_047306087.1  glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4F1, B7Z288

    RNA

    1. XR_007096394.1 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      160550597..160711660
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054349815.1 → XP_054205790.1  glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4F1, B7Z288
    2. XM_054349816.1 → XP_054205791.1  glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4F1, B7Z288
    3. XM_054349814.1 → XP_054205789.1  glutamate receptor 2 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J4F1, B7Z288
    4. XM_054349817.1 → XP_054205792.1  glutamate receptor 2 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A994J6Z8

    RNA

    1. XR_008486970.1 RNA Sequence

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