show Abstracthide AbstractThe evolutionary history of a species is written in its genomes and captures the influence of biological, climatic and geographical processes. Notwithstanding, evolution is in continuous action, which means and this microevolutionary processes also operate on current populations, but often in a balance modified by human activities. The Eurasian lynx (Lynx lynx) is one of the most broadly distributed felids in the world, occupying a varied range of different ecosystems, from the desert to the boreal forest. With the unlocked power of genomics, we unveil the phylogeography, demographic history and population genomics of Lynx lynx extensively covering both its genome, and its wide distribution. We report the most comprehensive analyses of Lynx lynx genetic variation to date, both regarding geographical and of genomic sampling. The conjunct analyses of mitogenomes, autosomes and sex-chromosomes allowed us to reconstruct the evolutionary history of the species at different time scales and across most of its distribution range.