U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
    • Showing Current items.

    RPL28 ribosomal protein L28 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 6158, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    RPL28provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    ribosomal protein L28provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:10330
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000108107 MIM:603638; AllianceGenome:HGNC:10330
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    L28; eL28
    Summary
    Ribosomes, the organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes a ribosomal protein that is a component of the 60S subunit. The protein belongs to the L28E family of ribosomal proteins. It is located in the cytoplasm. Variable expression of this gene in colorectal cancers compared to adjacent normal tissues has been observed, although no correlation between the level of expression and the severity of the disease has been found. As is typical for genes encoding ribosomal proteins, there are multiple processed pseudogenes of this gene dispersed through the genome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, Oct 2008]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in spleen (RPKM 70.1), ovary (RPKM 68.3) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    See RPL28 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19q13.42
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (55385932..55403342)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (58481406..58498795)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (55897300..55914710)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55890663-55891163 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 190 Neighboring gene transmembrane protein 238 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11027 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55895260-55896222 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 15093 Neighboring gene microRNA 6805 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 15094 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55915190-55915690 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55915691-55916191 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA, C/D box 157 Neighboring gene ubiquitin conjugating enzyme E2 S Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55918619-55919132 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11030 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11031 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8373 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372462 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 15095 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 15096 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55930479-55931048 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak3567 silencer Neighboring gene shisa family member 7 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 11032 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:55953359-55953987

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

    Go to the top of the page Help
    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Germline variability and tumor expression level of ribosomal protein gene RPL28 are associated with survival of metastatic colorectal cancer patients. Labriet A, et al. Sci Rep, 2019 Sep 10. PMID 31506518, Free PMC Article
    2. Identification of Novel Tau Interactions with Endoplasmic Reticulum Proteins in Alzheimer's Disease Brain. Meier S, et al. J Alzheimers Dis, 2015. PMID 26402096, Free PMC Article
    3. Ribosomal Proteins Regulate MHC Class I Peptide Generation for Immunosurveillance. Wei J, et al. Mol Cell, 2019 Mar 21. PMID 30712990, Free PMC Article
    4. Differential expression of ribosomal proteins in human normal and neoplastic colorectum. Kasai H, et al. J Histochem Cytochem, 2003 May. PMID 12704204
    5. Characterization of the functional gene and several processed pseudogenes in the human triosephosphate isomerase gene family. Brown JR, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1985 Jul. PMID 4022011, Free PMC Article

    See all (234) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Germline variability and tumor expression level of ribosomal protein gene RPL28 are associated with survival of metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
      Title: Germline variability and tumor expression level of ribosomal protein gene RPL28 are associated with survival of metastatic colorectal cancer patients.
    2. 60S ribosomal proteins L6 (RPL6) and RPL28, which are adjacent on the ribosome, play opposite roles in generating an influenza A virus-encoded peptide. Depleting RPL6 decreases ubiquitin-dependent peptide presentation, whereas depleting RPL28 increases ubiquitin-dependent and -independent peptide presentation.
      Title: Ribosomal Proteins Regulate MHC Class I Peptide Generation for Immunosurveillance.
    3. Observational study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
      Title: Sequential use of transcriptional profiling, expression quantitative trait mapping, and gene association implicates MMP20 in human kidney aging.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

    Go to the top of the page Help

    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Pr55(Gag) gag HIV-1 Gag interacts with RPL28 as demonstrated by proximity dependent biotinylation proteomics PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Go to the top of the page

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ43307

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables RNA binding HDA PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables structural constituent of ribosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables structural constituent of ribosome NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in cytoplasmic translation IC
    Inferred by Curator
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cytoplasmic translation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in translation NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cell body IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasm NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosol TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    part_of cytosolic large ribosomal subunit HDA PubMed 
    part_of cytosolic large ribosomal subunit IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of cytosolic large ribosomal subunit IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of cytosolic large ribosomal subunit IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in cytosolic ribosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in dendrite IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in membrane HDA PubMed 
    located_in synapse IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    large ribosomal subunit protein eL28
    Names
    60S ribosomal protein L28
    NP_000982.2
    NP_001129606.1
    NP_001129607.1
    NP_001129608.1
    NP_001129609.1
    NP_001350626.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000991.5 → NP_000982.2  large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000982.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks a stop-codon-containing segment in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded protein (isoform 2) has a distinct and shorter C-terminus when compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC020922, AK311760, BC011582
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12924.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B2R4A6, B4DEP9, C9JB50, E9PB24, G5E9L2, P46779, Q6IAY0, Q96FX1, Q9BWQ0
      Related
      ENSP00000342787.3, ENST00000344063.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01778
      Location:5 → 119
      Ribosomal_L28e; Ribosomal L28e protein family

    2. NM_001136134.1 → NP_001129606.1  large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129606.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC020922, AK293736, BC011582
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46190.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P46779
      Related
      ENSP00000453029.1, ENST00000560583.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01778
      Location:5 → 109
      Ribosomal_L28e; Ribosomal L28e protein family

    3. NM_001136135.2 → NP_001129607.1  large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks a stop-codon-containing segment in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded protein (isoform 3) has a distinct and longer C-terminus when compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC020922, BC011582, BP227047
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46189.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P46779
      Related
      ENSP00000452909.1, ENST00000558815.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01778
      Location:5 → 112
      Ribosomal_L28e; Ribosomal L28e protein family

    4. NM_001136136.1 → NP_001129608.1  large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 isoform 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129608.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 3' UTR and has multiple coding region differences, compared to variant 1. The encoded protein (isoform 4) has a distinct and shorter C-terminus when compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      DA333143, DA820669
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46192.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q59F34
      Related
      ENSP00000400596.2, ENST00000431533.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01778
      Location:5 → 66
      Ribosomal_L28e; Ribosomal L28e protein family

    5. NM_001136137.1 → NP_001129609.1  large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 isoform 5

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001129609.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 3' UTR and has multiple coding region differences, compared to variant 1. The encoded protein (isoform 5) has a distinct and shorter C-terminus when compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      BM702093, DA092122
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS46191.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P46779
      Related
      ENSP00000391665.2, ENST00000428193.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01778
      Location:5 → 68
      Ribosomal_L28e; Ribosomal L28e protein family

    6. NM_001363697.1 → NP_001350626.1  large ribosomal subunit protein eL28 isoform 6

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AA579944, AK311760, BF686026, BG716117, DB540276
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS86809.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      H0YKD8
      Related
      ENSP00000452763.1, ENST00000560055.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam01778
      Location:5 → 110
      Ribosomal_L28e; Ribosomal L28e protein family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      55385932..55403342
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      58481406..58498795
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P46779.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P46779

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Chemical Information
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools
    Miscellaneous