U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Format

Send to:

Choose Destination
    • Showing Current items.

    bif bifocal [ Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) ]

    Gene ID: 32119, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Official Symbol
    bifprovided by FlyBase
    Official Full Name
    bifocalprovided by FlyBase
    Primary source
    FLYBASE:FBgn0014133
    Locus tag
    Dmel_CG1822
    See related
    AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0014133
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Drosophila melanogaster
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
    Also known as
    Bif; bif CES; CG1822; Dmel\CG1822
    Summary
    Enables actin filament binding activity and microtubule binding activity. Involved in axon guidance and negative regulation of axon extension. Located in cytoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including adult head; eye disc posterior to the morphogenetic furrow; eye photoreceptor cell; furrow canal; and tract. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Orthologs
    all
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    Go to the top of the page Help
    See bif in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    10D4-10D5; 1-35 cM
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    Release 6.54 current Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4) X NC_004354.4 (11678970..11694740)
    Release 5.57 previous assembly Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2) X NC_004354.3 (11573003..11588773)

    Chromosome X - NC_004354.4Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Protein tyrosine phosphatase 10D Neighboring gene Valette Neighboring gene Phosphorylase kinase gamma Neighboring gene uncharacterized protein Neighboring gene alpha1,6-fucosyltransferase

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

    Go to the top of the pageHelp

    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Interaction with protein phosphatase 1 Is essential for bifocal function during the morphogenesis of the Drosophila compound eye. Helps NR, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 2001 Mar. PMID 11238949, Free PMC Article
    2. Receptor tyrosine phosphatases regulate birth order-dependent axonal fasciculation and midline repulsion during development of the Drosophila mushroom body. Kurusu M, et al. Mol Cell Neurosci, 2008 May. PMID 18356078, Free PMC Article
    3. Roles of Bifocal, Homer, and F-actin in anchoring Oskar to the posterior cortex of Drosophila oocytes. Babu K, et al. Genes Dev, 2004 Jan 15. PMID 14752008, Free PMC Article
    4. The Drosophila bifocal gene encodes a novel protein which colocalizes with actin and is necessary for photoreceptor morphogenesis. Bahri SM, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 1997 Sep. PMID 9271427, Free PMC Article
    5. Drosophila Dosage Compensation Loci Associate with a Boundary-Forming Insulator Complex. Kaye EG, et al. Mol Cell Biol, 2017 Nov 1. PMID 28784719, Free PMC Article

    See all (58) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Bif regulates PP1 activity, and both proteins influence cytoskeleton dynamics in the growth cone of R cells to allow proper axon targeting.
      Title: Bifocal and PP1 interaction regulates targeting of the R-cell growth cone in Drosophila.
    2. Data suggest that Bifocal functions downstream of Misshapen to reorganize actin cytoskeleton in decelerating R cell growth cone motility at the target region.
      Title: Bifocal is a downstream target of the Ste20-like serine/threonine kinase misshapen in regulating photoreceptor growth cone targeting in Drosophila.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Interactions

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Go to the top of the page Help

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables actin binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables actin filament binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables microtubule binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables microtubule binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in axon guidance IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in chemotaxis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of axon extension IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in neuronal signal transduction IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in neuronal signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in nuclear membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in rough endoplasmic reticulum membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

    Go to the top of the page Help
    Preferred Names
    bifocal
    Names
    CG1822-PB
    CG1822-PC
    CG1822-PD
    CG1822-PE
    CG1822-PF
    bif-PB
    bif-PC
    bif-PD
    bif-PE
    bif-PF

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    Go to the top of the page Help

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_004354.4 Reference assembly

      Range
      11678970..11694740
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001272527.2 → NP_001259456.1  bifocal, isoform E [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259456.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PHL6, O16125

    2. NM_001272528.2 → NP_001259457.1  bifocal, isoform F [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259457.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PHA0, O16125

    3. NM_078573.4 → NP_511128.2  bifocal, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_511128.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      O16125, Q9VYV8
      Related
      FBpp0073372

    4. NM_167295.3 → NP_727547.1  bifocal, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_727547.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q8IR86, Q962F2
      Related
      FBpp0073371

    5. NM_001272526.2 → NP_001259455.1  bifocal, isoform D [Drosophila melanogaster]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001259455.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M9PGW8, Q962F2
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    M9PGW8 M9PGW8
    M9PHA0 M9PHA0
    M9PHL6 M9PHL6
    O16125 O16125
    Q8IR86 Q8IR86
    Q962F2 Q962F2
    Q9VYV8 Q9VYV8

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

    Other Literature Sources
    Molecular Biology Databases
    Research Materials
    Tools