Protein Family Models

Methionine sulfoxide reduction is an important process, by which cells regulate biological processes and cope with oxidative stress. MsrA, a protein involved in the reduction of methionine sulfoxides in proteins, has been known for four decades and has been extensively characterised with respect to structure and function. However, recent studies revealed that MsrA is only specific for methionine-S-sulfoxides. Because oxidised methionines occur in a mixture of R and S isomers in vivo, it was unclear how stereo-specific MsrA could be responsible for the reduction of all protein methionine sulfoxides. It appears that a second methionine sulfoxide reductase, SelR , evolved that is specific for methionine-R-sulfoxides, the activity that is different but complementary to that of MsrA. Thus, these proteins, working together, could reduce both stereoisomers of methionine sulfoxide. This domain is found both in SelR proteins and fused with the peptide methionine sulfoxide reductase enzymatic domain Pfam:PF01625. The domain has two conserved cysteine and histidines. The domain binds both selenium and zinc [2]. The final cysteine is found to be replaced by the rare amino acid selenocysteine in some members of the family [1]. This family has methionine-R-sulfoxide reductase activity [2]. [1]. 10608886. Novel selenoproteins identified in silico and in vivo by using a. conserved RNA structural motif.. Lescure A, Gautheret D, Carbon P, Krol A;. J Biol Chem 1999;274:38147-38154.. [2]. 11929995. Selenoprotein R is a zinc-containing stereo-specific methionine. sulfoxide reductase.. Kryukov GV, Kumar RA, Koc A, Sun Z, Gladyshev VN;. Proc Nat. TRUNCATED at 1650 bytes (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-08-14

peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase catalyzes the reduction of methionine sulfoxide (MetSO) to methionine in proteins

Date:

2024-07-24

The stereospecific enzyme peptide-methionine (R)-S-oxide reductase MsrB co-occurs with MsrA, which reduces the (S) form, occasionally fused with MsrA in a bifunctional protein. It provides protection against oxidative stress.

Gene:

msrB

Date:

2023-06-23