Protein Family Models

This domain family is found in bacteria, and is approximately 40 amino acids in length. The proteins in this family are members of the acetyltransferases of the GNAT family. Family members such as PanZ has been shown to be involved in the biosynthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA). CoA is a ubiquitous and essential cofactor, synthesized from the precursor pantothenate. In all organisms, the final step in pantothenate biosynthesis relies on the presence of beta-alanine, which comes from different sources in bacteria, yeast, and plants. In bacteria, beta-alanine is derived by the action of alpha-decarboxylase (ADC) enzyme. PanZ promotes the activation of the zymogen, PanD, to form aspartate alpha-decarboxylase (ADC) in a CoA-dependent manner. Thereby, playing an essential role in the biosynthetic pathway to pantothenate and the regulation of CoA biosynthesis. Structure and function studies show that direct interaction of PanD with the PanZ Arg43-Leu46 loop promotes PanD to adopt a reactive conformation, which leads to activation [1]. [1]. 25910242. The structure of the PanD/PanZ protein complex reveals negative feedback regulation of pantothenate biosynthesis by coenzyme A. Monteiro DC, Patel V, Bartlett CP, Nozaki S, Grant TD, Gowdy JA, Thompson GS, Kalverda AP, Snell EH, Niki H, Pearson AR, Webb ME;. Chem Biol. 2015;22:492-503. (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-10-16

This family contains proteins with N-acetyltransferase functions such as Elp3-related proteins. [1]. 9175471. GCN5-related histone N-acetyltransferases belong to a diverse superfamily that includes the yeast SPT10 protein. Neuwald AF, Landsman D;. Trends Biochem Sci 1997;22:154-155. [2]. 11893502. A second catalytic domain in the Elp3 histone acetyltransferases: a candidate for histone demethylase activity?. Chinenov Y;. Trends Biochem Sci 2002;27:115-117. (from Pfam)

Date:

2024-10-16

PanM family protein similar to aspartate 1-decarboxylase autocleavage activator PanM, an acetyl-coenzyme A sensor required for maturation of L-aspartate decarboxylase (PanD)

Date:

2020-02-14

Members of this family, called PanM (or PanZ), although related to the GNAT family N-acetyltransferases, have a different function. Then enzyme PanD, aspartate 1-decarboxylase, has an active site modified Ser residue, created by cleavage of a precursor form. PanM promotes the maturation of the CoA biosynthesis enzyme PanD, but also inhibits its activity in the presence of CoA. Figure 6 in PMID:26276430 identifies residues considered critical to interaction with PanD; seed alignment sequences and cutoff scores were chosen to separate proposed PanM from functionally distinct relatives.

Gene:

panM

Date:

2021-10-20