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NOS2 nitric oxide synthase 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4843, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
NOS2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
nitric oxide synthase 2provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:7873
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000007171 MIM:163730; AllianceGenome:HGNC:7873
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
NOS; INOS; NOS2A; HEP-NOS
Summary
Nitric oxide is a reactive free radical which acts as a biologic mediator in several processes, including neurotransmission and antimicrobial and antitumoral activities. This gene encodes a nitric oxide synthase which is expressed in liver and is inducible by a combination of lipopolysaccharide and certain cytokines. Three related pseudogenes are located within the Smith-Magenis syndrome region on chromosome 17. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Biased expression in small intestine (RPKM 10.3), appendix (RPKM 7.9) and 5 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See NOS2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
17q11.2
Exon count:
27
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (27756766..27800529, complement)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (28698170..28741926, complement)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (26083792..26127555, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene carboxypeptidase D pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26072465-26073008 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26073009-26073552 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26082942-26083442 Neighboring gene galectin 9D, pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26110033-26110532 Neighboring gene NOS2 5' regulatory region Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124903961 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26208991-26209681 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8330 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26215109-26216060 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:26216061-26217012 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8331 Neighboring gene LYR motif containing 9

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Malaria, susceptibility to
MedGen: C1970028 OMIM: 611162 GeneReviews: Not available
Compare labs

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide values in childhood are associated with 17q11.2-q12 and 17q12-q21 variants.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association analysis identifies three psoriasis susceptibility loci.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Ascorbate supplementation prevents the deleterious upregulation of iNOS and associated neuronal (MAP2) and astrocytic (GFAP) protein expression and structural changes caused by gp120 in human brain cell cultures PubMed
Envelope transmembrane glycoprotein gp41 env The amino terminus of HIV-1 gp41 induces nitric oxide synthase in human glial and astrocyte cultures and that causes the dysregulation of nitric oxide production PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat decreases expression of NOS2 (iNOS) in Leishmania-infected macrophages PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat potentiates NMDA-evoked (Ca2+)I responses involve LRP and a Src family kinase via the NOS/sGC/PKG pathway PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat induces iNOS in human astroglia and microglia through the activation of NF-kappaB and C/EBPbeta, an effect that may participate in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat induces iNOS in rat brain injected with Tat through upregulation of TNF-alpha, suggesting a mechanism for Tat-induced CNS damage PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat induces the expression of NOS-2 and NOS-3 which appears to be a mechanism for regulating Tat-mediated degradation of IkappaBalpha and activation of NFkappaB PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat inhibits interferon-induced iNOS activity in a murine macrophage cell line PubMed
Vpr vpr Treatment of human primary astrocytes with HIV-1 Vpr upregulates expression of six genes, APOE, CCL5, DGKK, GPX5, NOS2, and PXDNL PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables FMN binding  
enables FMN binding  
enables NADP binding PubMed 
enables arginine binding  
enables calmodulin binding  
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding  
enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding  
enables heme binding  
enables metal ion binding  
enables nitric-oxide synthase activity  
enables nitric-oxide synthase activity PubMed 
enables nitric-oxide synthase activity  
enables protein binding PubMed 
enables protein homodimerization activity  
enables tetrahydrobiopterin binding  
Items 1 - 25 of 34
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Fc-gamma receptor signaling pathway involved in phagocytosis PubMed 
involved_in arginine catabolic process  
involved_in arginine catabolic process PubMed 
involved_in cell redox homeostasis  
involved_in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide  
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon  
involved_in cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus  
involved_in circadian rhythm  
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium PubMed 
involved_in defense response to bacterium  
involved_in defense response to bacterium PubMed 
involved_in defense response to bacterium  
involved_in inflammatory response  
involved_in innate immune response in mucosa PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of blood pressure  
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process  
involved_in nitric oxide biosynthetic process  
involved_in nitric oxide biosynthetic process PubMed 
involved_in nitric oxide mediated signal transduction  
involved_in peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylation  
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-6 production PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-8 production PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of leukocyte mediated cytotoxicity PubMed 
involved_in prostaglandin secretion PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation  
involved_in regulation of cellular respiration PubMed 
involved_in regulation of cytokine production involved in inflammatory response PubMed 
involved_in regulation of insulin secretion PubMed 
involved_in response to bacterium PubMed 
involved_in response to hormone  
involved_in response to hypoxia  
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide  
involved_in superoxide metabolic process  
Items 1 - 25 of 34
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cortical cytoskeleton  
located_in cytoplasm PubMed 
is_active_in cytosol  
located_in cytosol PubMed 
located_in cytosol  
located_in nucleoplasm  
is_active_in nucleus  
located_in nucleus  
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm  
located_in peroxisomal matrix  
located_in peroxisome PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane  

General protein information

Preferred Names
nitric oxide synthase, inducible
Names
NOS, type II
hepatocyte NOS
inducible NO synthase
inducible NOS
nitric oxide synthase 2, inducible
nitric oxide synthase 2A (inducible, hepatocytes)
nitric oxide synthase, macrophage
peptidyl-cysteine S-nitrosylase NOS2
NP_000616.3

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011470.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5001..48764
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000625.4NP_000616.3  nitric oxide synthase, inducible

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000616.3

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC130289
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11223.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A1L3U5, B7ZLY2, O60757, O94994, P35228, Q16263, Q16692, Q4TTS5, Q9UD42
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A2R8YDS4
    Related
    ENSP00000327251.6, ENST00000313735.11
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    COG0369
    Location:5381127
    CysJ; Sulfite reductase, alpha subunit (flavoprotein) [Inorganic ion transport and metabolism]
    cd00795
    Location:84496
    NOS_oxygenase_euk; Nitric oxide synthase (NOS) eukaryotic oxygenase domain. NOS produces nitric oxide (NO) by catalyzing a five-electron heme-based oxidation of a guanidine nitrogen of L-arginine to L-citrulline via two successive monooxygenation reactions producing N ...
    pfam00258
    Location:541672
    Flavodoxin_1; Flavodoxin
    cl06868
    Location:7361132
    FNR_like; Ferredoxin reductase (FNR), an FAD and NAD(P) binding protein, was intially identified as a chloroplast reductase activity, catalyzing the electron transfer from reduced iron-sulfur protein ferredoxin to NADP+ as the final step in the electron transport ...

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    27756766..27800529 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    28698170..28741926 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

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