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CDC42 cell division cycle 42 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 998, updated on 4-Jan-2025

Summary

Official Symbol
CDC42provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
cell division cycle 42provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:1736
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000070831 MIM:116952; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1736
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TKS; G25K; CDC42Hs
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a small GTPase of the Rho-subfamily, which regulates signaling pathways that control diverse cellular functions including cell morphology, migration, endocytosis and cell cycle progression. This protein is highly similar to Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cdc 42, and is able to complement the yeast cdc42-1 mutant. The product of oncogene Dbl was reported to specifically catalyze the dissociation of GDP from this protein. This protein could regulate actin polymerization through its direct binding to Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP), which subsequently activates Arp2/3 complex. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. Pseudogenes of this gene have been identified on chromosomes 3, 4, 5, 7, 8 and 20. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2013]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in bone marrow (RPKM 88.8), colon (RPKM 72.7) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

See CDC42 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
1p36.12
Exon count:
8
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (22052709..22101360)
RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (21876517..21925101)
RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (22379202..22427853)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene chymotrypsin like elastase 3A Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 776, pseudogene Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 392 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 345 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 393 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 3950 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 1635 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 339 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 347 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_5374 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 394 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22379623-22380190 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22380191-22380759 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22387820-22388320 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22388321-22388821 Neighboring gene MPHOSPH6 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 397 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 348 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 8542 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_5416 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 349 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 398 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22446773-22447390 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22448010-22448627 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_5420 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22457824-22458584 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22458585-22459343 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22459683-22460408 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22462663-22463176 Neighboring gene Wnt family member 4 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22465050-22466004 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105376845 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 399 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 400 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105376850 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 350 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 351 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:22498925-22499424

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

Expression

  • Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
  • Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
  • BioProject: PRJNA270632
  • Publication: PMID 26076956
  • Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Phenotypes

Associated conditions

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide analysis of polymorphisms associated with cytokine responses in smallpox vaccine recipients.
EBI GWAS Catalog

HIV-1 interactions

Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
HIV-1 activates CDC42 in monocyte derived dendritic cells PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env SLIT2N, an active fragment of SLIT2, inhibits M-tropic HIV-1 gp120-induced Src signaling and activation of its downstream targets Pyk2, CDC42, Rac1, and paxillin in immature monocyte-derived dendritic cells PubMed
env DC-SIGN engagement by HIV-1 gp120 on dendritic cell (DC) surface subsequently activates Cdc42, Pak1, and Wasp, leading to an increase in membrane extensions at the DC surface PubMed
Nef nef HIV-1 Nef enhances the expression of CDC42 in human podocyte PubMed
nef The activation of Nef-associated kinase (NAK; also known as p21-activated kinase 1 or PAK1) by HIV-1 Nef is via the small GTPases Cdc42 and Rac1, suggesting an interaction between Nef and these GTPases PubMed
nef HIV-1 Nef inhibits the concomitant activation of the actin organizer N-Wasp by interfering with the translocation of N-Wasp to the cell periphery and blocks morphological changes induced by the known N-Wasp regulators Rac1 and Cdc42 PubMed
nef HIV-1 Nef treatment upregulates active CDC42 levels in dendritic cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

Interactions

General gene information

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G protein activity  
enables GBD domain binding PubMed 
enables GTP binding  
enables GTP binding PubMed 
enables GTP-dependent protein binding  
enables GTPase activity  
enables GTPase activity PubMed 
enables GTPase activity PubMed 
enables apolipoprotein A-I receptor binding PubMed 
enables identical protein binding PubMed 
enables membrane scission GTPase motor activity  
enables mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase binding  
enables protein binding PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding  
enables protein kinase binding PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding PubMed 
enables thioesterase binding PubMed 
enables ubiquitin protein ligase activity PubMed 
Items 1 - 25 of 62
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Cdc42 protein signal transduction  
involved_in Golgi organization  
involved_in Wnt signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway PubMed 
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization PubMed 
involved_in actin filament branching  
involved_in actin filament organization  
involved_in actin filament organization PubMed 
involved_in adherens junction organization  
involved_in cardiac conduction system development  
involved_in cardiac neural crest cell migration involved in outflow tract morphogenesis  
involved_in cell junction assembly PubMed 
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon  
involved_in dendritic cell migration  
involved_in dendritic spine morphogenesis  
involved_in embryonic heart tube development  
involved_in endocytosis  
involved_in endothelin receptor signaling pathway involved in heart process  
involved_in establishment of Golgi localization  
involved_in establishment of cell polarity  
involved_in establishment of epithelial cell apical/basal polarity PubMed 
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity PubMed 
involved_in filopodium assembly  
involved_in heart contraction  
involved_in integrin-mediated signaling pathway PubMed 
involved_in macrophage differentiation PubMed 
involved_in modulation by host of viral process PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of protein-containing complex assembly PubMed 
involved_in neuron fate determination  
involved_in neuropilin signaling pathway PubMed 
involved_in nuclear migration  
involved_in organelle transport along microtubule  
involved_in phagocytosis, engulfment PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of DNA replication  
involved_in positive regulation of JNK cascade  
involved_in positive regulation of cell growth PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cytokinesis PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis  
involved_in positive regulation of filopodium assembly PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of filopodium assembly  
involved_in positive regulation of intracellular protein transport  
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process  
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction  
involved_in positive regulation of pinocytosis  
involved_in positive regulation of pseudopodium assembly PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of stress fiber assembly PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of synapse structural plasticity  
involved_in protein localization  
involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization PubMed 
involved_in regulation of attachment of spindle microtubules to kinetochore PubMed 
involved_in regulation of filopodium assembly  
involved_in regulation of filopodium assembly PubMed 
involved_in regulation of lamellipodium assembly PubMed 
involved_in regulation of mitotic nuclear division  
involved_in regulation of modification of postsynaptic structure  
involved_in regulation of postsynapse organization  
involved_in regulation of stress fiber assembly PubMed 
involved_in sprouting angiogenesis  
involved_in submandibular salivary gland formation  
involved_in substantia nigra development PubMed 
Items 1 - 25 of 62
Items 1 - 20 of 31
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Golgi membrane  
part_of Golgi transport complex PubMed 
located_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse  
located_in apical part of cell  
located_in cell-cell junction  
colocalizes_with centrosome PubMed 
located_in cytoplasm PubMed 
located_in cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein granule PubMed 
located_in cytosol  
is_active_in dendritic spine  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane  
located_in extracellular exosome PubMed 
located_in filopodium PubMed 
located_in focal adhesion PubMed 
located_in glutamatergic synapse  
located_in leading edge membrane  
located_in membrane PubMed 
located_in membrane PubMed 
located_in membrane PubMed 
located_in midbody PubMed 
located_in mitotic spindle PubMed 
located_in neuron projection PubMed 
located_in neuronal cell body PubMed 
located_in phagocytic vesicle  
is_active_in plasma membrane  
located_in plasma membrane PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane  
part_of protein-containing complex PubMed 
located_in secretory granule  
located_in spindle midzone PubMed 
located_in storage vacuole  
Items 1 - 20 of 31

General protein information

Preferred Names
cell division control protein 42 homolog
Names
G25K GTP-binding protein
GTP binding protein, 25kDa
dJ224A6.1.1 (cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein, 25kD))
dJ224A6.1.2 (cell division cycle 42 (GTP-binding protein, 25kD))
growth-regulating protein
small GTP binding protein CDC42
NP_001034891.1
NP_001782.1
NP_426359.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_047042.3 RefSeqGene

    Range
    32199..80850
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_1326

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001039802.2NP_001034891.1  cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001034891.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 3 encode the same isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AL031281, BC018266
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS221.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P21181, P25763, P60953, Q7L8R5, Q9UDI2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A590UJK8
    Related
    ENSP00000341072.3, ENST00000344548.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01874
    Location:3177
    Cdc42; cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) is a small GTPase of the Rho family
  2. NM_001791.4NP_001782.1  cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001782.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform (1). Variants 1 and 3 encode the same isoform. Variants 1 and 2 encode isoforms that are the same length, but have distinct protein sequences.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL031281, AL121735, BC003682
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS221.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P21181, P25763, P60953, Q7L8R5, Q9UDI2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A590UJK8
    Related
    ENSP00000499457.1, ENST00000656825.1
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01874
    Location:3177
    Cdc42; cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) is a small GTPase of the Rho family
  3. NM_044472.3NP_426359.1  cell division control protein 42 homolog isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_426359.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) has a novel 3' structure, resulting in a distinct 3' coding region compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is the same length as isoform 1 but has a distinct protein sequence.
    Source sequence(s)
    AL031281
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS222.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A590UJK8
    Related
    ENSP00000314458.8, ENST00000315554.15
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd01874
    Location:3177
    Cdc42; cell division cycle 42 (Cdc42) is a small GTPase of the Rho family

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    22052709..22101360
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    21876517..21925101
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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