MedGen

Idiopathic scoliosis is a structurally fixed lateral curvature of the spine with a rotatory component. There is at least a 10 degree curvature as demonstrated by upright spine roentgenograms by the Cobb method (Weinstein, 1994). Scoliosis may occur secondary to other hereditary disorders including Marfan syndrome (154700), dysautonomia (223900), neurofibromatosis (see 162200), Friedreich ataxia (see 229300), and muscular dystrophies. Genetic Heterogeneity of Susceptibility to Isolated Scoliosis Loci for isolated scoliosis have been mapped to chromosome 19 (IS1), chromosome 17 (IS2; 607354), chromosome 8 (IS3; 608765), chromosome 9q31-q34 (IS4; 612238), and chromosome 17q25-qter (IS5; 612239). [from OMIM]

A lesion in which the normally situated glands are partially or completely replaced by atypical cells with malignant characteristics. [from NCI]

Androgen insensitivity syndrome (AIS) is typically characterized by evidence of feminization (i.e., undermasculinization) of the external genitalia at birth, abnormal secondary sexual development in puberty, and infertility in individuals with a 46,XY karyotype. AIS represents a spectrum of defects in androgen action and can be subdivided into three broad phenotypes: Complete androgen insensitivity syndrome (CAIS), with typical female external genitalia. Partial androgen insensitivity syndrome (PAIS) with predominantly female, predominantly male, or ambiguous external genitalia. Mild androgen insensitivity syndrome (MAIS) with typical male external genitalia. [from GeneReviews]