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Spinocerebellar ataxia 45(SCA45)

MedGen UID:
1622156
•Concept ID:
C4540400
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: SCA45; SPINOCEREBELLAR ATAXIA 45
SNOMED CT: Spinocerebellar ataxia type 45 (1279840000); SCA45 - spinocerebellar ataxia type 45 (1279840000)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal dominant inheritance
MedGen UID:
141047
•Concept ID:
C0443147
•
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.
Autosomal dominant inheritance (Orphanet)
 
Gene (location): FAT2 (5q33.1)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0033480
OMIM®: 617769
Orphanet: ORPHA589527

Definition

A rare autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia with characteristics of slowly progressive late-onset gait and limb ataxia, dysarthria and variable nystagmus. Brain imaging reveals cerebellar atrophy. [from SNOMEDCT_US]

Clinical features

From HPO
Dysarthria
MedGen UID:
8510
•Concept ID:
C0013362
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Cerebellar atrophy
MedGen UID:
196624
•Concept ID:
C0740279
•
Disease or Syndrome
Cerebellar atrophy is defined as a cerebellum with initially normal structures, in a posterior fossa with normal size, which displays enlarged fissures (interfolial spaces) in comparison to the foliae secondary to loss of tissue. Cerebellar atrophy implies irreversible loss of tissue and result from an ongoing progressive disease until a final stage is reached or a single injury, e.g. an intoxication or infectious event.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Limb ataxia
MedGen UID:
196692
•Concept ID:
C0750937
•
Finding
A kind of ataxia that affects movements of the extremities.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Gait ataxia
MedGen UID:
155642
•Concept ID:
C0751837
•
Sign or Symptom
A type of ataxia characterized by the impairment of the ability to coordinate the movements required for normal walking. Gait ataxia is characteirzed by a wide-based staggering gait with a tendency to fall.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
Downbeat nystagmus
MedGen UID:
154401
•Concept ID:
C0585544
•
Finding
Downbeat nystagmus is a type of fixation nystagmus with the fast phase beating in a downward direction. It generally increases when looking to the side and down and when lying prone.
See: Feature record | Search on this feature
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Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSpinocerebellar ataxia 45

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations for ATX-TBP (SCA17): MDSGene Systematic Review.
Rossi M, Hamed M, Rodríguez-Antigüedad J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Breza M, Lohmann K, Klein C, Rajalingam R, Marras C, van de Warrenburg BP
Mov Disord 2023 Mar;38(3):368-377. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/mds.29278. PMID: 36374860
Health risks for ataxia-telangiectasia mutated heterozygotes: a systematic review, meta-analysis and evidence-based guideline.
van Os NJ, Roeleveld N, Weemaes CM, Jongmans MC, Janssens GO, Taylor AM, Hoogerbrugge N, Willemsen MA
Clin Genet 2016 Aug;90(2):105-17. Epub 2016 Jan 20 doi: 10.1111/cge.12710. PMID: 26662178
Morbidity and mortality from ataxia-telangiectasia are associated with ATM genotype.
Micol R, Ben Slama L, Suarez F, Le Mignot L, Beauté J, Mahlaoui N, Dubois d'Enghien C, Laugé A, Hall J, Couturier J, Vallée L, Delobel B, Rivier F, Nguyen K, Billette de Villemeur T, Stephan JL, Bordigoni P, Bertrand Y, Aladjidi N, Pedespan JM, Thomas C, Pellier I, Koenig M, Hermine O, Picard C, Moshous D, Neven B, Lanternier F, Blanche S, Tardieu M, Debré M, Fischer A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D; CEREDIH Network Investigators
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 Aug;128(2):382-9.e1. Epub 2011 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.03.052. PMID: 21665257

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Genotype-Phenotype Correlations for ATX-TBP (SCA17): MDSGene Systematic Review.
Rossi M, Hamed M, Rodríguez-Antigüedad J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Breza M, Lohmann K, Klein C, Rajalingam R, Marras C, van de Warrenburg BP
Mov Disord 2023 Mar;38(3):368-377. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/mds.29278. PMID: 36374860
Ataxia-telangiectasia: Immunodeficiency and survival.
van Os NJH, Jansen AFM, van Deuren M, Haraldsson A, van Driel NTM, Etzioni A, van der Flier M, Haaxma CA, Morio T, Rawat A, Schoenaker MHD, Soresina A, Taylor AMR, van de Warrenburg BPC, Weemaes CMR, Roeleveld N, Willemsen MAAP
Clin Immunol 2017 May;178:45-55. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.01.009. PMID: 28126470
Polyglutamine (PolyQ) diseases: genetics to treatments.
Fan HC, Ho LI, Chi CS, Chen SJ, Peng GS, Chan TM, Lin SZ, Harn HJ
Cell Transplant 2014;23(4-5):441-58. doi: 10.3727/096368914X678454. PMID: 24816443
The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies.
Ruano L, Melo C, Silva MC, Coutinho P
Neuroepidemiology 2014;42(3):174-83. Epub 2014 Mar 5 doi: 10.1159/000358801. PMID: 24603320
Morbidity and mortality from ataxia-telangiectasia are associated with ATM genotype.
Micol R, Ben Slama L, Suarez F, Le Mignot L, Beauté J, Mahlaoui N, Dubois d'Enghien C, Laugé A, Hall J, Couturier J, Vallée L, Delobel B, Rivier F, Nguyen K, Billette de Villemeur T, Stephan JL, Bordigoni P, Bertrand Y, Aladjidi N, Pedespan JM, Thomas C, Pellier I, Koenig M, Hermine O, Picard C, Moshous D, Neven B, Lanternier F, Blanche S, Tardieu M, Debré M, Fischer A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D; CEREDIH Network Investigators
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 Aug;128(2):382-9.e1. Epub 2011 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.03.052. PMID: 21665257

Diagnosis

Detailed Analysis of ITPR1 Missense Variants Guides Diagnostics and Therapeutic Design.
Tolonen JP, Parolin Schnekenberg R, McGowan S, Sims D, McEntagart M, Elmslie F, Shears D, Stewart H, Tofaris GK, Dabir T, Morrison PJ, Johnson D, Hadjivassiliou M, Ellard S, Shaw-Smith C, Znaczko A, Dixit A, Suri M, Sarkar A, Harrison RE, Jones G, Houlden H, Ceravolo G, Jarvis J, Williams J, Shanks ME, Clouston P, Rankin J, Blumkin L, Lerman-Sagie T, Ponger P, Raskin S, Granath K, Uusimaa J, Conti H, McCann E, Joss S, Blakes AJM, Metcalfe K, Kingston H, Bertoli M, Kneen R, Lynch SA, Martínez Albaladejo I, Moore AP, Jones WD; Genomics England Research Consortium, Becker EBE, Németh AH
Mov Disord 2024 Jan;39(1):141-151. Epub 2023 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/mds.29651. PMID: 37964426Free PMC Article
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations for ATX-TBP (SCA17): MDSGene Systematic Review.
Rossi M, Hamed M, Rodríguez-Antigüedad J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Breza M, Lohmann K, Klein C, Rajalingam R, Marras C, van de Warrenburg BP
Mov Disord 2023 Mar;38(3):368-377. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/mds.29278. PMID: 36374860
Ataxia-telangiectasia: Immunodeficiency and survival.
van Os NJH, Jansen AFM, van Deuren M, Haraldsson A, van Driel NTM, Etzioni A, van der Flier M, Haaxma CA, Morio T, Rawat A, Schoenaker MHD, Soresina A, Taylor AMR, van de Warrenburg BPC, Weemaes CMR, Roeleveld N, Willemsen MAAP
Clin Immunol 2017 May;178:45-55. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.01.009. PMID: 28126470
The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies.
Ruano L, Melo C, Silva MC, Coutinho P
Neuroepidemiology 2014;42(3):174-83. Epub 2014 Mar 5 doi: 10.1159/000358801. PMID: 24603320
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 15.
Storey E, Gardner RJ
Handb Clin Neurol 2012;103:561-5. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-51892-7.00037-1. PMID: 21827915

Therapy

Baseline Clinical and Blood Biomarkers in Patients With Preataxic and Early-Stage Disease Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1 and 3.
Tezenas du Montcel S, Petit E, Olubajo T, Faber J, Lallemant-Dudek P, Bushara K, Perlman S, Subramony SH, Morgan D, Jackman B, Figueroa KP, Pulst SM, Fauret-Amsellem AL, Dufke C, Paulson HL, Öz G, Klockgether T, Durr A, Ashizawa T; READISCA Consortium Collaborators
Neurology 2023 Apr 25;100(17):e1836-e1848. Epub 2023 Feb 16 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207088. PMID: 36797067Free PMC Article
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations for ATX-TBP (SCA17): MDSGene Systematic Review.
Rossi M, Hamed M, Rodríguez-Antigüedad J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Breza M, Lohmann K, Klein C, Rajalingam R, Marras C, van de Warrenburg BP
Mov Disord 2023 Mar;38(3):368-377. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/mds.29278. PMID: 36374860
Safety and efficacy of riluzole in spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 in France (ATRIL): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.
Coarelli G, Heinzmann A, Ewenczyk C, Fischer C, Chupin M, Monin ML, Hurmic H, Calvas F, Calvas P, Goizet C, Thobois S, Anheim M, Nguyen K, Devos D, Verny C, Ricigliano VAG, Mangin JF, Brice A, Tezenas du Montcel S, Durr A
Lancet Neurol 2022 Mar;21(3):225-233. Epub 2022 Jan 18 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00457-9. PMID: 35063116
XCIND as a genetic disease of X-irradiation hypersensitivity and cancer susceptibility.
Mizutani S, Takagi M
Int J Hematol 2013 Jan;97(1):37-42. Epub 2012 Dec 25 doi: 10.1007/s12185-012-1240-5. PMID: 23266960
Deranged calcium signaling and neurodegeneration in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3.
Chen X, Tang TS, Tu H, Nelson O, Pook M, Hammer R, Nukina N, Bezprozvanny I
J Neurosci 2008 Nov 26;28(48):12713-24. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.3909-08.2008. PMID: 19036964Free PMC Article

Prognosis

CAG Repeat Expansion in THAP11 Is Associated with a Novel Spinocerebellar Ataxia.
Tan D, Wei C, Chen Z, Huang Y, Deng J, Li J, Liu Y, Bao X, Xu J, Hu Z, Wang S, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Wu Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Liu P, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Hong D, Zhong N, Jiang H, Xiong H
Mov Disord 2023 Jul;38(7):1282-1293. Epub 2023 May 6 doi: 10.1002/mds.29412. PMID: 37148549
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 31: A clinical and radiological literature review.
Saucier J, Al-Qadi M, Amor MB, Ishikawa K, Chamard-Witkowski L
J Neurol Sci 2023 Jan 15;444:120527. Epub 2022 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120527. PMID: 36563608
Dystonia and ataxia progression in spinocerebellar ataxias.
Kuo PH, Gan SR, Wang J, Lo RY, Figueroa KP, Tomishon D, Pulst SM, Perlman S, Wilmot G, Gomez CM, Schmahmann JD, Paulson H, Shakkottai VG, Ying SH, Zesiewicz T, Bushara K, Geschwind MD, Xia G, Subramony SH, Ashizawa T, Kuo SH
Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017 Dec;45:75-80. Epub 2017 Oct 23 doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.10.007. PMID: 29089256Free PMC Article
Ataxia-telangiectasia: Immunodeficiency and survival.
van Os NJH, Jansen AFM, van Deuren M, Haraldsson A, van Driel NTM, Etzioni A, van der Flier M, Haaxma CA, Morio T, Rawat A, Schoenaker MHD, Soresina A, Taylor AMR, van de Warrenburg BPC, Weemaes CMR, Roeleveld N, Willemsen MAAP
Clin Immunol 2017 May;178:45-55. Epub 2017 Jan 24 doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2017.01.009. PMID: 28126470
Morbidity and mortality from ataxia-telangiectasia are associated with ATM genotype.
Micol R, Ben Slama L, Suarez F, Le Mignot L, Beauté J, Mahlaoui N, Dubois d'Enghien C, Laugé A, Hall J, Couturier J, Vallée L, Delobel B, Rivier F, Nguyen K, Billette de Villemeur T, Stephan JL, Bordigoni P, Bertrand Y, Aladjidi N, Pedespan JM, Thomas C, Pellier I, Koenig M, Hermine O, Picard C, Moshous D, Neven B, Lanternier F, Blanche S, Tardieu M, Debré M, Fischer A, Stoppa-Lyonnet D; CEREDIH Network Investigators
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 Aug;128(2):382-9.e1. Epub 2011 Jun 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.03.052. PMID: 21665257

Clinical prediction guides

CAG Repeat Expansion in THAP11 Is Associated with a Novel Spinocerebellar Ataxia.
Tan D, Wei C, Chen Z, Huang Y, Deng J, Li J, Liu Y, Bao X, Xu J, Hu Z, Wang S, Fan Y, Jiang Y, Wu Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Liu P, Zhang Y, Yang Z, Jiang Y, Zhang H, Hong D, Zhong N, Jiang H, Xiong H
Mov Disord 2023 Jul;38(7):1282-1293. Epub 2023 May 6 doi: 10.1002/mds.29412. PMID: 37148549
Baseline Clinical and Blood Biomarkers in Patients With Preataxic and Early-Stage Disease Spinocerebellar Ataxia 1 and 3.
Tezenas du Montcel S, Petit E, Olubajo T, Faber J, Lallemant-Dudek P, Bushara K, Perlman S, Subramony SH, Morgan D, Jackman B, Figueroa KP, Pulst SM, Fauret-Amsellem AL, Dufke C, Paulson HL, Öz G, Klockgether T, Durr A, Ashizawa T; READISCA Consortium Collaborators
Neurology 2023 Apr 25;100(17):e1836-e1848. Epub 2023 Feb 16 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207088. PMID: 36797067Free PMC Article
Spinocerebellar ataxia type 31: A clinical and radiological literature review.
Saucier J, Al-Qadi M, Amor MB, Ishikawa K, Chamard-Witkowski L
J Neurol Sci 2023 Jan 15;444:120527. Epub 2022 Dec 16 doi: 10.1016/j.jns.2022.120527. PMID: 36563608
Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors and neurodegenerative disorders.
Egorova PA, Bezprozvanny IB
FEBS J 2018 Oct;285(19):3547-3565. Epub 2018 Jan 12 doi: 10.1111/febs.14366. PMID: 29253316
Dystonia and ataxia progression in spinocerebellar ataxias.
Kuo PH, Gan SR, Wang J, Lo RY, Figueroa KP, Tomishon D, Pulst SM, Perlman S, Wilmot G, Gomez CM, Schmahmann JD, Paulson H, Shakkottai VG, Ying SH, Zesiewicz T, Bushara K, Geschwind MD, Xia G, Subramony SH, Ashizawa T, Kuo SH
Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2017 Dec;45:75-80. Epub 2017 Oct 23 doi: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2017.10.007. PMID: 29089256Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Combinations of physical and cognitive training for subcortical neurodegenerative diseases with physical, cognitive and behavioral symptoms: a systematic review.
Chartier C, Godard J, Durand S, Humeau-Heurtier A, Menetrier E, Allain P, Besnard J
Neurol Sci 2024 Dec;45(12):5571-5589. Epub 2024 Oct 19 doi: 10.1007/s10072-024-07808-x. PMID: 39424648Free PMC Article
Genotype-Phenotype Correlations for ATX-TBP (SCA17): MDSGene Systematic Review.
Rossi M, Hamed M, Rodríguez-Antigüedad J, Cornejo-Olivas M, Breza M, Lohmann K, Klein C, Rajalingam R, Marras C, van de Warrenburg BP
Mov Disord 2023 Mar;38(3):368-377. Epub 2022 Nov 14 doi: 10.1002/mds.29278. PMID: 36374860
Selective forces acting on spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease recurrency: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Sena LS, Dos Santos Pinheiro J, Saraiva-Pereira ML, Jardim LB
Clin Genet 2021 Mar;99(3):347-358. Epub 2020 Dec 2 doi: 10.1111/cge.13888. PMID: 33219521
Health risks for ataxia-telangiectasia mutated heterozygotes: a systematic review, meta-analysis and evidence-based guideline.
van Os NJ, Roeleveld N, Weemaes CM, Jongmans MC, Janssens GO, Taylor AM, Hoogerbrugge N, Willemsen MA
Clin Genet 2016 Aug;90(2):105-17. Epub 2016 Jan 20 doi: 10.1111/cge.12710. PMID: 26662178
The global epidemiology of hereditary ataxia and spastic paraplegia: a systematic review of prevalence studies.
Ruano L, Melo C, Silva MC, Coutinho P
Neuroepidemiology 2014;42(3):174-83. Epub 2014 Mar 5 doi: 10.1159/000358801. PMID: 24603320

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