A type of bladder dysfunction caused by neurologic damage. Neurogenic bladder can be flaccid or spastic. Common manifestatios of neurogenic bladder are overflow incontinence, frequency, urgency, urge incontinence, and retention.

Abnormal positioning in which the elbows are turned out.

Hypoplastic/small middle phalanx of the fifth finger.

Syndactyly with fusion of toes three and four.

A soft tissue continuity in the anteroposterior axis between the fourth (ring) to the fifth (little) finger that extends distally to at least the level of the proximal interphalangeal joints.

An angulation of a digit at an interphalangeal joint in the plane of the palm (finger) or sole (toe).

Any cardiac rhythm other than the normal sinus rhythm. Such a rhythm may be either of sinus or ectopic origin and either regular or irregular. An arrhythmia may be due to a disturbance in impulse formation or conduction or both.

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital abnormality of the interatrial septum that enables blood flow between the left and right atria via the interatrial septum.

An abnormality of vibrational conductance of sound to the inner ear leading to impairment of sensory perception of sound.

An abnormality of the pinna, which is also referred to as the auricle or external ear.

Cerebellar ataxia refers to ataxia due to dysfunction of the cerebellum. This causes a variety of elementary neurological deficits including asynergy (lack of coordination between muscles, limbs and joints), dysmetria (lack of ability to judge distances that can lead to under- or overshoot in grasping movements), and dysdiadochokinesia (inability to perform rapid movements requiring antagonizing muscle groups to be switched on and off repeatedly).

Dysarthric speech is a general description referring to a neurological speech disorder characterized by poor articulation. Depending on the involved neurological structures, dysarthria may be further classified as spastic, flaccid, ataxic, hyperkinetic and hypokinetic, or mixed.

A motor disorder characterized by a velocity-dependent increase in tonic stretch reflexes with increased muscle tone, exaggerated (hyperexcitable) tendon reflexes.

A seizure is an intermittent abnormality of nervous system physiology characterized by a transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms due to abnormal excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.

Weakness or partial paralysis in the lower limbs.

Weakness of all four limbs.

An abnormality of the cerebral white matter.

Intellectual disability, previously referred to as mental retardation, is characterized by subnormal intellectual functioning that occurs during the developmental period. It is defined by an IQ score below 70.

Displacement of the femur from its normal location in the hip joint.

The presence of calcium deposition affecting one or more structures of the basal ganglia.

Excessive growth of the bones of the vertebral bodies.

Chronic loss of joint motion in the 5th finger due to structural changes in non-bony tissue. The term camptodactyly of the 5th finger is used if the distal and/or proximal interphalangeal joints are affected.

Head circumference below 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender.

Inflammation of one or all portions of the uveal tract.

A fixed reduction in the vertical distance between the upper and lower eyelids with short palpebral fissures.

A gap or groove in the upper lip. This is a congenital defect resulting from nonfusion of tissues of the lip during embryonal development.

Caries is a multifactorial bacterial infection affecting the structure of the tooth. This term has been used to describe the presence of more than expected dental caries.

Developmental hypoplasia of the dental enamel.

Exfoliation of a tooth more than 2 SD earlier than the normal age for the deciduous teeth and not related to traume or neglect. Exfoliation of a permanent tooth is per se abnormal.

Decreased size of the teeth, which can be defined as a mesiodistal tooth diameter (width) more than 2 SD below mean. Alternatively, an apparently decreased maximum width of tooth.

Height of the palate more than 2 SD above the mean (objective) or palatal height at the level of the first permanent molar more than twice the height of the teeth (subjective).

Increased volume of dental pulp of permanent molar characterized by a crown body-root ratio equal or larger than 1:1 or an elongated pulp chambers and apical displacement of the bifurcation or trifurcation of the roots.

Distance between the medial and lateral canthi is more than 2 SD below the mean for age (objective); or, apparently reduced length of the palpebral fissures.

Interalar distance more than 2 SD below the mean for age, or alternatively, an apparently decreased width of the nasal base and alae.

Epicanthus is a condition in which a fold of skin stretches from the upper to the lower eyelid, partially covering the inner canthus. Usher (1935) noted that epicanthus is a normal finding in the fetus of all races. Epicanthus also occurs in association with hereditary ptosis (110100).

Thinned, deficient, or excessively arched ala nasi.

Anteriorly-facing nostrils viewed with the head in the Frankfurt horizontal and the eyes of the observer level with the eyes of the subject. This gives the appearance of an upturned nose (upturned nasal tip).

Distance from nasion to subnasale more than two standard deviations below the mean, or alternatively, an apparently decreased length from the nasal root to the nasal tip.

Columella extending inferior to the level of the nasal base, when viewed from the side.

Agenesis specifically affecting one of the classes incisor, premolar, or molar.

Cleft palate is a developmental defect of the palate resulting from a failure of fusion of the palatine processes and manifesting as a separation of the roof of the mouth (soft and hard palate).

Decreased width of the bony bridge of the nose.

Hair that lacks the luster (shine or gleam) of normal hair.

Hair that is fine or thin to the touch.

Hair whose growth is slower than normal.

Nails that easily break.

Reduced density of hairs.

Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.

Microphthalmia is an eye abnormality that arises before birth. In this condition, one or both eyeballs are abnormally small. In some affected individuals, the eyeball may appear to be completely missing; however, even in these cases some remaining eye tissue is generally present. Such severe microphthalmia should be distinguished from another condition called anophthalmia, in which no eyeball forms at all. However, the terms anophthalmia and severe microphthalmia are often used interchangeably. Microphthalmia may or may not result in significant vision loss.\n\nPeople with microphthalmia may also have a condition called coloboma. Colobomas are missing pieces of tissue in structures that form the eye. They may appear as notches or gaps in the colored part of the eye called the iris; the retina, which is the specialized light-sensitive tissue that lines the back of the eye; the blood vessel layer under the retina called the choroid; or in the optic nerves, which carry information from the eyes to the brain. Colobomas may be present in one or both eyes and, depending on their size and location, can affect a person's vision.\n\nPeople with microphthalmia may also have other eye abnormalities, including clouding of the lens of the eye (cataract) and a narrowed opening of the eye (narrowed palpebral fissure). Additionally, affected individuals may have an abnormality called microcornea, in which the clear front covering of the eye (cornea) is small and abnormally curved.\n\nBetween one-third and one-half of affected individuals have microphthalmia as part of a syndrome that affects other organs and tissues in the body. These forms of the condition are described as syndromic. When microphthalmia occurs by itself, it is described as nonsyndromic or isolated.

A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.

A congenital abnormality of the cornea in which the cornea and the anterior segment of the eye are smaller than normal. The horizontal diameter of the cornea does not reach 10 mm even in adulthood.