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Carpal tunnel syndrome(CTS)

MedGen UID:
2856
Concept ID:
C0007286
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: CTS
SNOMED CT: Distal median nerve compression (57406009); Distal median nerve entrapment (57406009); Carpal tunnel (57406009); Carpal canal (57406009); CTS - Carpal tunnel syndrome (57406009); Carpal tunnel syndrome (57406009)
 
Related gene: TTR
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0007275
OMIM®: 115430
OMIM® Phenotypic series: PS115430
Orphanet: ORPHA50838

Definition

Carpal tunnel syndrome is a disorder caused by disturbances in nerve function (neuropathy), leading to pain and numbness or tingling (paresthesia) primarily in the wrist and hand. While carpal tunnel syndrome can occur at any age, it most often affects people between the ages of 40 and 60. In more than half of cases, both hands are affected; however, the severity may vary between hands. When only one hand is affected, it is most often the hand used for writing (the dominant hand).

In carpal tunnel syndrome, the pain or paresthesia is usually felt in the wrist, the palm, and the first four fingers of the hand. These signs and symptoms often develop during sleep and are noticeable upon waking. Affected individuals typically shake their hand to get rid of the pain and numbness, a characteristic move known as the flick sign. As the condition advances, the signs and symptoms begin to occur during the day as well. Affected individuals may have difficulty performing manual tasks such as turning doorknobs, fastening buttons, or opening jars. The symptoms of carpal tunnel syndrome may be triggered by certain activities that flex or extend the wrist, such as driving, typing, or holding a telephone.

Over time, people with carpal tunnel syndrome can have muscle and nerve wasting (atrophy) in the affected hand and a reduced ability to detect sensations, which can be mistaken for an improvement of symptoms. [from MedlinePlus Genetics]

Term Hierarchy

Professional guidelines

PubMed

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Recent clinical studies

Etiology

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Diagnosis

Harinesan N, Silsby M, Simon NG
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Padua L, Coraci D, Erra C, Pazzaglia C, Paolasso I, Loreti C, Caliandro P, Hobson-Webb LD
Lancet Neurol 2016 Nov;15(12):1273-1284. Epub 2016 Oct 11 doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30231-9. PMID: 27751557

Therapy

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Prognosis

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Clinical prediction guides

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Recent systematic reviews

Karjalainen TV, Lusa V, Page MJ, O'Connor D, Massy-Westropp N, Peters SE
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