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Keratoderma with scleroatrophy of the extremities(HRZ)

MedGen UID:
98360
Concept ID:
C0406767
Congenital Abnormality
Synonyms: Atrophic fibrosis of the skin of the limbs, hypoplasia of nails, and keratodermia of the palms and soles; HRZ; Huriez syndrome; Palmoplantar keratoderma-sclerodactyly syndrome; Scleroatrophic and keratotic dermatosis of limbs; Sclerotylosis
SNOMED CT: Huriez syndrome (239076000); Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis sclerodactyly syndrome (239076000); Keratoderma with scleroatrophy of extremities (239076000); Palmoplantar keratoderma sclerodactyly syndrome (239076000); Scleroatrophic syndrome (239076000)
Modes of inheritance:
Autosomal dominant inheritance
MedGen UID:
141047
Concept ID:
C0443147
Intellectual Product
Source: Orphanet
A mode of inheritance that is observed for traits related to a gene encoded on one of the autosomes (i.e., the human chromosomes 1-22) in which a trait manifests in heterozygotes. In the context of medical genetics, an autosomal dominant disorder is caused when a single copy of the mutant allele is present. Males and females are affected equally, and can both transmit the disorder with a risk of 50% for each child of inheriting the mutant allele.
 
Gene (location): SMARCAD1 (4q22.3)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0008416
OMIM®: 181600
Orphanet: ORPHA384

Definition

Huriez syndrome (HRZ) is characterized by the triad of congenital scleroatrophy of the distal extremities, palmoplantar keratoderma, and hypoplastic nail changes. The development of aggressive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in areas of affected skin is a distinctive feature of the syndrome, occurring in approximately 15% of patients. HRZ-associated SCC shows early onset, mostly in the third to fourth decades of life, and early metastasis formation (summary by Lee et al., 2000). See also 610644 for description of a disorder resembling Huriez syndrome, involving palmoplantar hyperkeratosis and squamous cell carcinoma in association with SRY (480000)-negative female-to-male XX sex reversal, caused by mutation in the RSPO1 gene (609595). [from OMIM]

Clinical features

From HPO
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin
MedGen UID:
107512
Concept ID:
C0553723
Neoplastic Process
Squamous cell carcinoma of the skin is a malignant tumor of squamous epithelium.
Tapered finger
MedGen UID:
98098
Concept ID:
C0426886
Finding
The gradual reduction in girth of the finger from proximal to distal.
Congenital palmoplantar hyperkeratosis
MedGen UID:
383728
Concept ID:
C1855633
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormal thickening of the skin on the palms and soles that is present at birth.
Nail dystrophy
MedGen UID:
66368
Concept ID:
C0221260
Disease or Syndrome
Onychodystrophy (nail dystrophy) refers to nail changes apart from changes of the color (nail dyschromia) and involves partial or complete disruption of the various keratinous layers of the nail plate.
Epidermal acanthosis
MedGen UID:
65136
Concept ID:
C0221270
Finding
Diffuse hypertrophy or thickening of the stratum spinosum of the epidermis (prickle cell layer of the skin).
Small nail
MedGen UID:
537942
Concept ID:
C0263523
Finding
A nail that is diminished in length and width, i.e., underdeveloped nail.
Adermatoglyphia
MedGen UID:
338875
Concept ID:
C1852150
Finding
Isolated congenital adermatoglyphia is a rare, genetic developmental defect during embryogenesis disorder characterized by the lack of epidermal ridges on the palms and soles, resulting in the absence of fingerprints, with no other associated manifestations. It is associated with a reduced number of sweat gland openings and reduced transpiration of palms and soles.

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVKeratoderma with scleroatrophy of the extremities
Follow this link to review classifications for Keratoderma with scleroatrophy of the extremities in Orphanet.

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Delaporte E, N'guyen-Mailfer C, Janin A, Savary JB, Vasseur F, Feingold N, Piette F, Bergoend H
Br J Dermatol 1995 Sep;133(3):409-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02669.x. PMID: 8546996

Therapy

Delaporte E, N'guyen-Mailfer C, Janin A, Savary JB, Vasseur F, Feingold N, Piette F, Bergoend H
Br J Dermatol 1995 Sep;133(3):409-16. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2133.1995.tb02669.x. PMID: 8546996

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