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Isosporiasis

MedGen UID:
90233
•Concept ID:
C0311386
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Cystoisosporiasis
SNOMED CT: Isosporiasis (371423007); Isosporosis (371423007)
Modes of inheritance:
Not genetically inherited
MedGen UID:
988794
•Concept ID:
CN307044
•
Finding
Source: Orphanet
clinical entity without genetic inheritance.
See: This record
Not genetically inherited (Orphanet)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0018769
Orphanet: ORPHA472

Definition

Isosporiasis (also known as cystoisosporiasis) is an exclusively human parasitosis occurring mainly in the tropics and subtropics, due to infection with <i>Isospora belli</i> (through ingestion of contaminated food), that is frequently asymptomatic or that can cause fever and diarrhea, but that is usually a self-limiting condition in the immunocompetent. HIV-positive individuals are particularly at risk of suffering from symptomatic isosporiasis and can manifest with a more severe clinical course of chronic diarrhea and severe weight loss. [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVIsosporiasis
Follow this link to review classifications for Isosporiasis in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Treatment options for the eradication of intestinal protozoa.
Farthing MJ
Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006 Aug;3(8):436-45. doi: 10.1038/ncpgasthep0557. PMID: 16883348
Drug treatment of HIV-related opportunistic infections.
Klepser ME, Klepser TB
Drugs 1997 Jan;53(1):40-73. doi: 10.2165/00003495-199753010-00004. PMID: 9010648
Cyclospora infection in adults infected with HIV. Clinical manifestations, treatment, and prophylaxis.
Pape JW, Verdier RI, Boncy M, Boncy J, Johnson WD Jr
Ann Intern Med 1994 Nov 1;121(9):654-7. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-121-9-199411010-00004. PMID: 7944073

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Histochemistry in the diagnosis of non-neoplastic gastrointestinal disorders.
Fitzgibbons PL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2018 Nov;35(6):370-380. Epub 2018 Oct 16 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2018.10.002. PMID: 30366790
Isosporiasis in patients with HIV infection in the highly active antiretroviral therapy era in France.
Lagrange-Xélot M, Porcher R, Sarfati C, de Castro N, Carel O, Magnier JD, Delcey V, Molina JM
HIV Med 2008 Feb;9(2):126-30. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2007.00530.x. PMID: 18257775
Epidemiology of isosporiasis among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Los Angeles County.
Sorvillo FJ, Lieb LE, Seidel J, Kerndt P, Turner J, Ash LR
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Dec;53(6):656-9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.656. PMID: 8561272
Parasitic diseases. Diseases associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Levine GI
Prim Care 1991 Mar;18(1):129-52. PMID: 2011633
AIDS in Africa.
Fleming AF
Baillieres Clin Haematol 1990 Jan;3(1):177-205. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80087-3. PMID: 2182139

Diagnosis

Histochemistry in the diagnosis of non-neoplastic gastrointestinal disorders.
Fitzgibbons PL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2018 Nov;35(6):370-380. Epub 2018 Oct 16 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2018.10.002. PMID: 30366790
Cystoisospora and cyclospora.
Legua P, Seas C
Curr Opin Infect Dis 2013 Oct;26(5):479-83. doi: 10.1097/01.qco.0000433320.90241.60. PMID: 23982239
Refractory isosporiasis.
Malik S, Samantaray JC, Bagga A, Das A
Indian J Pediatr 2005 May;72(5):437-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02731744. PMID: 15973029
Enteric parasites and AIDS.
Cimerman S, Cimerman B, Lewi DS
Sao Paulo Med J 1999 Nov 4;117(6):266-73. doi: 10.1590/s1516-31801999000600007. PMID: 10625890
AIDS in Africa.
Fleming AF
Baillieres Clin Haematol 1990 Jan;3(1):177-205. doi: 10.1016/s0950-3536(05)80087-3. PMID: 2182139

Therapy

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia and Isospora infection in HIV-infected people: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wang ZD, Liu Q, Liu HH, Li S, Zhang L, Zhao YK, Zhu XQ
Parasit Vectors 2018 Jan 9;11(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2558-x. PMID: 29316950Free PMC Article
Treatment options for the eradication of intestinal protozoa.
Farthing MJ
Nat Clin Pract Gastroenterol Hepatol 2006 Aug;3(8):436-45. doi: 10.1038/ncpgasthep0557. PMID: 16883348
Refractory isosporiasis.
Malik S, Samantaray JC, Bagga A, Das A
Indian J Pediatr 2005 May;72(5):437-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02731744. PMID: 15973029
Biology of Isospora spp. from humans, nonhuman primates, and domestic animals.
Lindsay DS, Dubey JP, Blagburn BL
Clin Microbiol Rev 1997 Jan;10(1):19-34. doi: 10.1128/CMR.10.1.19. PMID: 8993857Free PMC Article
Antiparasitic drugs.
Liu LX, Weller PF
N Engl J Med 1996 May 2;334(18):1178-84. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199605023341808. PMID: 8602186

Prognosis

Histochemistry in the diagnosis of non-neoplastic gastrointestinal disorders.
Fitzgibbons PL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2018 Nov;35(6):370-380. Epub 2018 Oct 16 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2018.10.002. PMID: 30366790
Cryptosporidiosis and Isosporiasis among HIV-positive individuals in south Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.
Girma M, Teshome W, Petros B, Endeshaw T
BMC Infect Dis 2014 Feb 22;14:100. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-14-100. PMID: 24559235Free PMC Article
Update on the diagnosis and management of Isospora spp infections in dogs and cats.
Lappin MR
Top Companion Anim Med 2010 Aug;25(3):133-5. doi: 10.1053/j.tcam.2010.07.001. PMID: 20937494
Refractory isosporiasis.
Malik S, Samantaray JC, Bagga A, Das A
Indian J Pediatr 2005 May;72(5):437-9. doi: 10.1007/BF02731744. PMID: 15973029
Protozoal infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Sun T, Teichberg S
J Electron Microsc Tech 1988 Jan;8(1):79-103. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1060080106. PMID: 3073196

Clinical prediction guides

Histochemistry in the diagnosis of non-neoplastic gastrointestinal disorders.
Fitzgibbons PL
Semin Diagn Pathol 2018 Nov;35(6):370-380. Epub 2018 Oct 16 doi: 10.1053/j.semdp.2018.10.002. PMID: 30366790
Occurrence, clinical involvement and zoonotic potential of endoparasites infecting Swiss pigs.
Schubnell F, von Ah S, Graage R, Sydler T, Sidler X, Hadorn D, Basso W
Parasitol Int 2016 Dec;65(6 Pt A):618-624. Epub 2016 Sep 14 doi: 10.1016/j.parint.2016.09.005. PMID: 27639842Free PMC Article
Biology of Isospora spp. from humans, nonhuman primates, and domestic animals.
Lindsay DS, Dubey JP, Blagburn BL
Clin Microbiol Rev 1997 Jan;10(1):19-34. doi: 10.1128/CMR.10.1.19. PMID: 8993857Free PMC Article
Epidemiology of isosporiasis among persons with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in Los Angeles County.
Sorvillo FJ, Lieb LE, Seidel J, Kerndt P, Turner J, Ash LR
Am J Trop Med Hyg 1995 Dec;53(6):656-9. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1995.53.656. PMID: 8561272
Protozoal infections in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
Sun T, Teichberg S
J Electron Microsc Tech 1988 Jan;8(1):79-103. doi: 10.1002/jemt.1060080106. PMID: 3073196

Recent systematic reviews

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, microsporidia and Isospora infection in HIV-infected people: a global systematic review and meta-analysis.
Wang ZD, Liu Q, Liu HH, Li S, Zhang L, Zhao YK, Zhu XQ
Parasit Vectors 2018 Jan 9;11(1):28. doi: 10.1186/s13071-017-2558-x. PMID: 29316950Free PMC Article

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