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Bronchiolitis, Viral

MedGen UID:
666
•Concept ID:
C0006274
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: Bronchiolitides, Viral; Viral Bronchiolitides; Viral Bronchiolitis

Definition

An acute inflammatory disease of the lower RESPIRATORY TRACT, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly implicated are PARAINFLUENZA VIRUS TYPE 3; RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS, HUMAN; and METAPNEUMOVIRUS. [from MeSH]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVBronchiolitis, Viral

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment.
Caballero MT, Polack FP, Stein RT
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017 Nov-Dec;93 Suppl 1:75-83. Epub 2017 Aug 30 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.003. PMID: 28859915
Diagnosis, prevention, and management of bronchiolitis in children: review of current controversies.
House SA, Ralston SL
Minerva Pediatr 2017 Apr;69(2):141-155. doi: 10.23736/S0026-4946.16.04865-9. PMID: 28178775
Inter-society consensus document on treatment and prevention of bronchiolitis in newborns and infants.
Baraldi E, Lanari M, Manzoni P, Rossi GA, Vandini S, Rimini A, Romagnoli C, Colonna P, Biondi A, Biban P, Chiamenti G, Bernardini R, Picca M, Cappa M, Magazzù G, Catassi C, Urbino AF, Memo L, Donzelli G, Minetti C, Paravati F, Di Mauro G, Festini F, Esposito S, Corsello G
Ital J Pediatr 2014 Oct 24;40:65. doi: 10.1186/1824-7288-40-65. PMID: 25344148Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Nirsevimab and Hospitalization for RSV Bronchiolitis.
Assad Z, Romain AS, Aupiais C, Shum M, Schrimpf C, Lorrot M, Corvol H, Prevost B, Ferrandiz C, Giolito A, Valtuille Z, Bendavid M, Cohen JF, Toubiana J, de Pontual L, Delande CF, Levy M, See P, Cohen R, Levy C, Angoulvant F, Lenglart L, Gits-Muselli M, Biran V, Diallo K, Alemede O, El Hebil MM, Durrmeyer X, Labouret G, Casanovas N, Hallak B, Maréchal O, Jung C, Bréhin C, Ouldali N
N Engl J Med 2024 Jul 11;391(2):144-154. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2314885. PMID: 38986058
Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the Most Common Causative Agent of Viral Bronchiolitis in Young Children: An Updated Review.
Hon KL, Leung AKC, Wong AHC, Dudi A, Leung KKY
Curr Pediatr Rev 2023;19(2):139-149. doi: 10.2174/1573396318666220810161945. PMID: 35950255
Viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment.
Caballero MT, Polack FP, Stein RT
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017 Nov-Dec;93 Suppl 1:75-83. Epub 2017 Aug 30 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.003. PMID: 28859915
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Children.
Smith DK, Seales S, Budzik C
Am Fam Physician 2017 Jan 15;95(2):94-99. PMID: 28084708
Viral Bronchiolitis in Children.
Meissner HC
N Engl J Med 2016 Jan 7;374(1):62-72. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1413456. PMID: 26735994

Diagnosis

Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the Most Common Causative Agent of Viral Bronchiolitis in Young Children: An Updated Review.
Hon KL, Leung AKC, Wong AHC, Dudi A, Leung KKY
Curr Pediatr Rev 2023;19(2):139-149. doi: 10.2174/1573396318666220810161945. PMID: 35950255
Bronchiolitis.
Dalziel SR, Haskell L, O'Brien S, Borland ML, Plint AC, Babl FE, Oakley E
Lancet 2022 Jul 30;400(10349):392-406. Epub 2022 Jul 1 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01016-9. PMID: 35785792
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Children.
Smith DK, Seales S, Budzik C
Am Fam Physician 2017 Jan 15;95(2):94-99. PMID: 28084708
Viral bronchiolitis.
Florin TA, Plint AC, Zorc JJ
Lancet 2017 Jan 14;389(10065):211-224. Epub 2016 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30951-5. PMID: 27549684Free PMC Article
Respiratory syncytial virus infection and bronchiolitis.
Piedimonte G, Perez MK
Pediatr Rev 2014 Dec;35(12):519-30. doi: 10.1542/pir.35-12-519. PMID: 25452661Free PMC Article

Therapy

Nirsevimab and Hospitalization for RSV Bronchiolitis.
Assad Z, Romain AS, Aupiais C, Shum M, Schrimpf C, Lorrot M, Corvol H, Prevost B, Ferrandiz C, Giolito A, Valtuille Z, Bendavid M, Cohen JF, Toubiana J, de Pontual L, Delande CF, Levy M, See P, Cohen R, Levy C, Angoulvant F, Lenglart L, Gits-Muselli M, Biran V, Diallo K, Alemede O, El Hebil MM, Durrmeyer X, Labouret G, Casanovas N, Hallak B, Maréchal O, Jung C, Bréhin C, Ouldali N
N Engl J Med 2024 Jul 11;391(2):144-154. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2314885. PMID: 38986058
Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the Most Common Causative Agent of Viral Bronchiolitis in Young Children: An Updated Review.
Hon KL, Leung AKC, Wong AHC, Dudi A, Leung KKY
Curr Pediatr Rev 2023;19(2):139-149. doi: 10.2174/1573396318666220810161945. PMID: 35950255
Bronchiolitis.
Dalziel SR, Haskell L, O'Brien S, Borland ML, Plint AC, Babl FE, Oakley E
Lancet 2022 Jul 30;400(10349):392-406. Epub 2022 Jul 1 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)01016-9. PMID: 35785792
Respiratory Syncytial Virus Bronchiolitis in Children.
Smith DK, Seales S, Budzik C
Am Fam Physician 2017 Jan 15;95(2):94-99. PMID: 28084708
Viral bronchiolitis.
Florin TA, Plint AC, Zorc JJ
Lancet 2017 Jan 14;389(10065):211-224. Epub 2016 Aug 20 doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)30951-5. PMID: 27549684Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Etiology and clinical features of viral bronchiolitis in infancy.
Fretzayas A, Moustaki M
World J Pediatr 2017 Aug;13(4):293-299. Epub 2017 May 4 doi: 10.1007/s12519-017-0031-8. PMID: 28470580Free PMC Article
Viral bronchiolitis for the clinician.
Fitzgerald DA
J Paediatr Child Health 2011 Apr;47(4):160-6. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.2010.01735.x. PMID: 20500436Free PMC Article
The treatment of bronchiolitis.
Yanney M, Vyas H
Arch Dis Child 2008 Sep;93(9):793-8. Epub 2008 Jun 6 doi: 10.1136/adc.2007.128736. PMID: 18539685
Acute viral bronchiolitis and its sequelae in developing countries.
Fischer GB, Teper A, Colom AJ
Paediatr Respir Rev 2002 Dec;3(4):298-302. doi: 10.1016/s1526-0542(02)00268-3. PMID: 12457599
Bronchiolitis: update 2001.
Schlesinger C, Koss MN
Curr Opin Pulm Med 2002 Mar;8(2):112-6. doi: 10.1097/00063198-200203000-00006. PMID: 11845006

Clinical prediction guides

Respiratory Syncytial Virus is the Most Common Causative Agent of Viral Bronchiolitis in Young Children: An Updated Review.
Hon KL, Leung AKC, Wong AHC, Dudi A, Leung KKY
Curr Pediatr Rev 2023;19(2):139-149. doi: 10.2174/1573396318666220810161945. PMID: 35950255
Acute viral bronchiolitis as a cause of pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome.
Ghazaly MMH, Abu Faddan NH, Raafat DM, Mohammed NA, Nadel S
Eur J Pediatr 2021 Apr;180(4):1229-1234. Epub 2020 Nov 7 doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03852-9. PMID: 33161501Free PMC Article
Immediate Effects and Safety of High-Frequency Chest Wall Compression Compared to Airway Clearance Techniques in Non-Hospitalized Infants With Acute Viral Bronchiolitis.
González-Bellido V, Velaz-Baza V, Blanco-Moncada E, Del Carmen Jimeno Esteo M, Cuenca-Zaldívar JN, Colombo-Marro A, Donadio MVF, Torres-Castro R
Respir Care 2021 Mar;66(3):425-433. Epub 2020 Nov 3 doi: 10.4187/respcare.08177. PMID: 33144386
The Contribution of Neutrophils to the Pathogenesis of RSV Bronchiolitis.
Sebina I, Phipps S
Viruses 2020 Jul 27;12(8) doi: 10.3390/v12080808. PMID: 32726921Free PMC Article
Safety of corticosteroids in young children with acute respiratory conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fernandes RM, Wingert A, Vandermeer B, Featherstone R, Ali S, Plint AC, Stang AS, Rowe BH, Johnson DW, Allain D, Klassen TP, Hartling L
BMJ Open 2019 Aug 1;9(8):e028511. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028511. PMID: 31375615Free PMC Article

Recent systematic reviews

Lung ultrasound systematic review shows its prognostic and diagnostic role in acute viral bronchiolitis.
Kogias C, Prountzos S, Alexopoulou E, Douros K
Acta Paediatr 2023 Feb;112(2):222-232. Epub 2022 Oct 31 doi: 10.1111/apa.16578. PMID: 36261915
High flow nasal cannula as respiratory support in treating infant bronchiolitis: a systematic review.
Moreel L, Proesmans M
Eur J Pediatr 2020 May;179(5):711-718. Epub 2020 Mar 31 doi: 10.1007/s00431-020-03637-0. PMID: 32232547
Safety of corticosteroids in young children with acute respiratory conditions: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Fernandes RM, Wingert A, Vandermeer B, Featherstone R, Ali S, Plint AC, Stang AS, Rowe BH, Johnson DW, Allain D, Klassen TP, Hartling L
BMJ Open 2019 Aug 1;9(8):e028511. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2018-028511. PMID: 31375615Free PMC Article
Viral bronchiolitis in young infants: new perspectives for management and treatment.
Caballero MT, Polack FP, Stein RT
J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017 Nov-Dec;93 Suppl 1:75-83. Epub 2017 Aug 30 doi: 10.1016/j.jped.2017.07.003. PMID: 28859915
Glucocorticoids for acute viral bronchiolitis in infants and young children.
Fernandes RM, Bialy LM, Vandermeer B, Tjosvold L, Plint AC, Patel H, Johnson DW, Klassen TP, Hartling L
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Jun 4;2013(6):CD004878. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004878.pub4. PMID: 23733383Free PMC Article

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