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Brain Death

MedGen UID:
646
Concept ID:
C0006110
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Brain Dead; Brain Deads; Coma Depasse; Death, Brain

Definition

Irreversible absence of cortical and brain stem functioning. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVBrain Death

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Greer DM, Kirschen MP, Lewis A, Gronseth GS, Rae-Grant A, Ashwal S, Babu MA, Bauer DF, Billinghurst L, Corey A, Partap S, Rubin MA, Shutter L, Takahashi C, Tasker RC, Varelas PN, Wijdicks E, Bennett A, Wessels SR, Halperin JJ
Neurology 2023 Dec 12;101(24):1112-1132. Epub 2023 Oct 11 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207740. PMID: 37821233Free PMC Article
Yoshikawa MH, Rabelo NN, Welling LC, Telles JPM, Figueiredo EG
Neurol Sci 2021 Sep;42(9):3541-3552. Epub 2021 Jun 17 doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05360-6. PMID: 34138388Free PMC Article
Greer DM, Shemie SD, Lewis A, Torrance S, Varelas P, Goldenberg FD, Bernat JL, Souter M, Topcuoglu MA, Alexandrov AW, Baldisseri M, Bleck T, Citerio G, Dawson R, Hoppe A, Jacobe S, Manara A, Nakagawa TA, Pope TM, Silvester W, Thomson D, Al Rahma H, Badenes R, Baker AJ, Cerny V, Chang C, Chang TR, Gnedovskaya E, Han MK, Honeybul S, Jimenez E, Kuroda Y, Liu G, Mallick UK, Marquevich V, Mejia-Mantilla J, Piradov M, Quayyum S, Shrestha GS, Su YY, Timmons SD, Teitelbaum J, Videtta W, Zirpe K, Sung G
JAMA 2020 Sep 15;324(11):1078-1097. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.11586. PMID: 32761206

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Schroder JN, Patel CB, DeVore AD, Bryner BS, Casalinova S, Shah A, Smith JW, Fiedler AG, Daneshmand M, Silvestry S, Geirsson A, Pretorius V, Joyce DL, Um JY, Esmailian F, Takeda K, Mudy K, Shudo Y, Salerno CT, Pham SM, Goldstein DJ, Philpott J, Dunning J, Lozonschi L, Couper GS, Mallidi HR, Givertz MM, Pham DT, Shaffer AW, Kai M, Quader MA, Absi T, Attia TS, Shukrallah B, Sun BC, Farr M, Mehra MR, Madsen JC, Milano CA, D'Alessandro DA
N Engl J Med 2023 Jun 8;388(23):2121-2131. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2212438. PMID: 37285526
Smajdor A
Theor Med Bioeth 2023 Apr;44(2):113-124. doi: 10.1007/s11017-022-09599-8. PMID: 36401055Free PMC Article
Al Attar B
Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2021 Mar-Apr;32(2):597-613. doi: 10.4103/1319-2442.335482. PMID: 35017364
Shewmon DA, Salamon N
Perspect Biol Med 2021;64(4):457-478. doi: 10.1353/pbm.2021.0036. PMID: 34840151
Migdady I, Rae-Grant A, Greer DM
Neurology 2020 Oct 13;95(15):693-694. Epub 2020 Jul 30 doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000010544. PMID: 32732294

Diagnosis

Salwi S
JAMA Neurol 2023 Aug 1;80(8):773-774. doi: 10.1001/jamaneurol.2023.1423. PMID: 37252709
Drost G, Absalom AR, Kuiper MA
Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2022 Oct 1;35(5):570-576. Epub 2022 Aug 4 doi: 10.1097/ACO.0000000000001173. PMID: 35942705
Yoshikawa MH, Rabelo NN, Welling LC, Telles JPM, Figueiredo EG
Neurol Sci 2021 Sep;42(9):3541-3552. Epub 2021 Jun 17 doi: 10.1007/s10072-021-05360-6. PMID: 34138388Free PMC Article
Walter K
JAMA 2020 Sep 15;324(11):1116. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.15898. PMID: 32930760
Truog RD, Paquette ET, Tasker RC
JAMA 2020 Jun 2;323(21):2139-2140. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.3593. PMID: 32356868

Therapy

Dhar R, Marklin GF, Klinkenberg WD, Wang J, Goss CW, Lele AV, Kensinger CD, Lange PA, Lebovitz DJ
N Engl J Med 2023 Nov 30;389(22):2029-2038. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2305969. PMID: 38048188Free PMC Article
Schroder JN, Patel CB, DeVore AD, Bryner BS, Casalinova S, Shah A, Smith JW, Fiedler AG, Daneshmand M, Silvestry S, Geirsson A, Pretorius V, Joyce DL, Um JY, Esmailian F, Takeda K, Mudy K, Shudo Y, Salerno CT, Pham SM, Goldstein DJ, Philpott J, Dunning J, Lozonschi L, Couper GS, Mallidi HR, Givertz MM, Pham DT, Shaffer AW, Kai M, Quader MA, Absi T, Attia TS, Shukrallah B, Sun BC, Farr M, Mehra MR, Madsen JC, Milano CA, D'Alessandro DA
N Engl J Med 2023 Jun 8;388(23):2121-2131. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa2212438. PMID: 37285526
Guo Z, Zhao Q, Jia Z, Huang C, Wang D, Ju W, Zhang J, Yang L, Huang S, Chen M, Zhu X, Hu A, Ma Y, Wu L, Chen Y, Han M, Tang Y, Wang G, Wang L, Li L, Xiong W, Zhang Z, Shen Y, Tang Z, Zhu C, Chen X, Hu X, Guo Y, Chen H, Ma Y, Zhang T, Huang S, Zeng P, Lai S, Wang T, Chen Z, Gong J, Yu J, Sun C, Li C, Tan H, Liu Y, Dong Y, Sun C, Liao B, Ren J, Zhou Z, Andrea S, Björn N, Cai C, Gong F, Rong J, Huang W, Guan X, Clavien PA, Stefan TG, Huang J, He X
J Hepatol 2023 Aug;79(2):394-402. Epub 2023 Apr 20 doi: 10.1016/j.jhep.2023.04.010. PMID: 37086919
Porrett PM, Orandi BJ, Kumar V, Houp J, Anderson D, Cozette Killian A, Hauptfeld-Dolejsek V, Martin DE, Macedon S, Budd N, Stegner KL, Dandro A, Kokkinaki M, Kuravi KV, Reed RD, Fatima H, Killian JT Jr, Baker G, Perry J, Wright ED, Cheung MD, Erman EN, Kraebber K, Gamblin T, Guy L, George JF, Ayares D, Locke JE
Am J Transplant 2022 Apr;22(4):1037-1053. Epub 2022 Jan 20 doi: 10.1111/ajt.16930. PMID: 35049121
Greer DM, Shemie SD, Lewis A, Torrance S, Varelas P, Goldenberg FD, Bernat JL, Souter M, Topcuoglu MA, Alexandrov AW, Baldisseri M, Bleck T, Citerio G, Dawson R, Hoppe A, Jacobe S, Manara A, Nakagawa TA, Pope TM, Silvester W, Thomson D, Al Rahma H, Badenes R, Baker AJ, Cerny V, Chang C, Chang TR, Gnedovskaya E, Han MK, Honeybul S, Jimenez E, Kuroda Y, Liu G, Mallick UK, Marquevich V, Mejia-Mantilla J, Piradov M, Quayyum S, Shrestha GS, Su YY, Timmons SD, Teitelbaum J, Videtta W, Zirpe K, Sung G
JAMA 2020 Sep 15;324(11):1078-1097. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.11586. PMID: 32761206

Prognosis

Misra I, Glasgow J, Moosavy F
Del Med J 2017 May;89(5):148-150. PMID: 29894029
Coelho PBS, Fernandes A, Oliveira A, Faria T, Pereira J
Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2017 Feb;44(2):350-351. Epub 2016 Nov 16 doi: 10.1007/s00259-016-3565-4. PMID: 27853826
Buell JF, Beebe TM, Trofe J, Gross TG, Alloway RR, Hanaway MJ, Woodle ES
Ann Transplant 2004;9(1):53-6. PMID: 15478892
Isaacs D
J Paediatr Child Health 2003 Apr;39(3):224-5. doi: 10.1046/j.1440-1754.2003.00131.x. PMID: 12654148
Lovasik D
Crit Care Nurs Clin North Am 2000 Dec;12(4):531-8. PMID: 11855256

Clinical prediction guides

Greer DM, Shemie SD, Lewis A, Torrance S, Varelas P, Goldenberg FD, Bernat JL, Souter M, Topcuoglu MA, Alexandrov AW, Baldisseri M, Bleck T, Citerio G, Dawson R, Hoppe A, Jacobe S, Manara A, Nakagawa TA, Pope TM, Silvester W, Thomson D, Al Rahma H, Badenes R, Baker AJ, Cerny V, Chang C, Chang TR, Gnedovskaya E, Han MK, Honeybul S, Jimenez E, Kuroda Y, Liu G, Mallick UK, Marquevich V, Mejia-Mantilla J, Piradov M, Quayyum S, Shrestha GS, Su YY, Timmons SD, Teitelbaum J, Videtta W, Zirpe K, Sung G
JAMA 2020 Sep 15;324(11):1078-1097. doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.11586. PMID: 32761206
Wijdicks EF
Semin Neurol 2015 Apr;35(2):105-15. Epub 2015 Apr 3 doi: 10.1055/s-0035-1547532. PMID: 25839719
Feng S, Goodrich NP, Bragg-Gresham JL, Dykstra DM, Punch JD, DebRoy MA, Greenstein SM, Merion RM
Am J Transplant 2006 Apr;6(4):783-90. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2006.01242.x. PMID: 16539636
Ashwal S
Clin Perinatol 1997 Dec;24(4):859-82. PMID: 9395867
Newell DW
New Horiz 1995 Aug;3(3):423-30. PMID: 7496750

Recent systematic reviews

Tingle SJ, Dobbins JJ, Thompson ER, Figueiredo RS, Mahendran B, Pandanaboyana S, Wilson C
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2023 Sep 12;9(9):CD014685. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD014685.pub2. PMID: 37698189Free PMC Article
Scarpino M, Rosso T, Lanzo G, Lolli F, Bonizzoli M, Lazzeri C, Mannaioni G, Baronti R, Fattapposta F, Grippo A
Acta Neurol Scand 2021 Feb;143(2):121-130. Epub 2020 Sep 20 doi: 10.1111/ane.13338. PMID: 32866996
Robba C, Goffi A, Geeraerts T, Cardim D, Via G, Czosnyka M, Park S, Sarwal A, Padayachy L, Rasulo F, Citerio G
Intensive Care Med 2019 Jul;45(7):913-927. Epub 2019 Apr 25 doi: 10.1007/s00134-019-05610-4. PMID: 31025061
van Heurn LW, Talbot D, Nicholson ML, Akhtar MZ, Sanchez-Fructuoso AI, Weekers L, Barrou B
Transpl Int 2016 Jul;29(7):780-9. Epub 2015 Oct 7 doi: 10.1111/tri.12682. PMID: 26340168
Hassanain M
Ann Transplant 2014 May 20;19:241-7. doi: 10.12659/AOT.890339. PMID: 24841765

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