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Metastatic Carcinoma in the Liver

MedGen UID:
482989
•Concept ID:
C3282903
•
Neoplastic Process
Synonyms: Metastatic carcinoma of liver; Metastatic carcinoma to liver; Metastatic Carcinoma to the Liver; Secondary carcinoma of liver
SNOMED CT: Secondary carcinoma of liver (1251486007); Metastatic carcinoma to liver (1251486007); Metastatic carcinoma of liver (1251486007)

Definition

A carcinoma that has spread to the liver from another primary anatomic site. Representative examples include metastatic carcinomas from the colon, breast, and lung. [from NCI]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Pathologic differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the liver.
Park JH, Kim JH
Clin Mol Hepatol 2019 Mar;25(1):12-20. Epub 2018 Oct 5 doi: 10.3350/cmh.2018.0067. PMID: 30300991Free PMC Article

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Liver Resection Versus Local Ablation Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Within the Milan Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Shin SW, Ahn KS, Kim SW, Kim TS, Kim YH, Kang KJ
Ann Surg 2021 Apr 1;273(4):656-666. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000004350. PMID: 33074898
Inflammation in Primary and Metastatic Liver Tumorigenesis-Under the Influence of Alcohol and High-Fat Diets.
Strathearn LS, Stepanov AI, Font-Burgada J
Nutrients 2020 Mar 27;12(4) doi: 10.3390/nu12040933. PMID: 32230953Free PMC Article
Effect of Huaier granule on recurrence after curative resection of HCC: a multicentre, randomised clinical trial.
Chen Q, Shu C, Laurence AD, Chen Y, Peng BG, Zhen ZJ, Cai JQ, Ding YT, Li LQ, Zhang YB, Zheng QC, Xu GL, Li B, Zhou WP, Cai SW, Wang XY, Wen H, Peng XY, Zhang XW, Dai CL, Bie P, Xing BC, Fu ZR, Liu LX, Mu Y, Zhang L, Zhang QS, Jiang B, Qian HX, Wang YJ, Liu JF, Qin XH, Li Q, Yin P, Zhang ZW, Chen XP
Gut 2018 Nov;67(11):2006-2016. Epub 2018 May 25 doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2018-315983. PMID: 29802174
The ins and outs of liver imaging.
O'Neill EK, Cogley JR, Miller FH
Clin Liver Dis 2015 Feb;19(1):99-121. Epub 2014 Oct 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2014.09.006. PMID: 25454299
Primary and metastatic liver cancer.
Groen KA
Semin Oncol Nurs 1999 Feb;15(1):48-57. doi: 10.1016/s0749-2081(99)80039-4. PMID: 10074657

Diagnosis

Inflammation in Primary and Metastatic Liver Tumorigenesis-Under the Influence of Alcohol and High-Fat Diets.
Strathearn LS, Stepanov AI, Font-Burgada J
Nutrients 2020 Mar 27;12(4) doi: 10.3390/nu12040933. PMID: 32230953Free PMC Article
Pathologic differential diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma in the liver.
Park JH, Kim JH
Clin Mol Hepatol 2019 Mar;25(1):12-20. Epub 2018 Oct 5 doi: 10.3350/cmh.2018.0067. PMID: 30300991Free PMC Article
Frozen Sections of the Liver.
Pittman ME, Yantiss RK
Surg Pathol Clin 2018 Jun;11(2):453-466. Epub 2018 Mar 26 doi: 10.1016/j.path.2018.02.012. PMID: 29751885
A practical diagnostic approach to hepatic masses.
Vyas M, Jain D
Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2018 Jan-Mar;61(1):2-17. doi: 10.4103/IJPM.IJPM_578_17. PMID: 29567877
The ins and outs of liver imaging.
O'Neill EK, Cogley JR, Miller FH
Clin Liver Dis 2015 Feb;19(1):99-121. Epub 2014 Oct 29 doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2014.09.006. PMID: 25454299

Therapy

Aspirin for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Without Cirrhosis: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
Simon TG, Wilechansky RM, Stoyanova S, Grossman A, Dichtel LE, Lauer GM, Miller KK, Hoshida Y, Corey KE, Loomba R, Chung RT, Chan AT
JAMA 2024 Mar 19;331(11):920-929. doi: 10.1001/jama.2024.1215. PMID: 38502074Free PMC Article
Toripalimab combined with lenvatinib and GEMOX is a promising regimen as first-line treatment for advanced intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: a single-center, single-arm, phase 2 study.
Shi GM, Huang XY, Wu D, Sun HC, Liang F, Ji Y, Chen Y, Yang GH, Lu JC, Meng XL, Wang XY, Sun L, Ge NL, Huang XW, Qiu SJ, Yang XR, Gao Q, He YF, Xu Y, Sun J, Ren ZG, Fan J, Zhou J
Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023 Mar 17;8(1):106. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01317-7. PMID: 36928584Free PMC Article
Immunotherapy in cholangiocarcinoma.
Al-Rajabi R, Sun W
Curr Opin Gastroenterol 2021 Mar 1;37(2):105-111. doi: 10.1097/MOG.0000000000000715. PMID: 33507028
Liver Resection Versus Local Ablation Therapies for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Within the Milan Criteria: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Shin SW, Ahn KS, Kim SW, Kim TS, Kim YH, Kang KJ
Ann Surg 2021 Apr 1;273(4):656-666. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000004350. PMID: 33074898
Radiation-Induced Liver Toxicity.
Munoz-Schuffenegger P, Ng S, Dawson LA
Semin Radiat Oncol 2017 Oct;27(4):350-357. doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2017.04.002. PMID: 28865518

Prognosis

Management of Recurrent HCC After Liver Transplantation.
Sarici B, Isik B, Yilmaz S
J Gastrointest Cancer 2020 Dec;51(4):1197-1199. doi: 10.1007/s12029-020-00498-6. PMID: 32839944
Nonbacterial Thrombotic Endocarditis.
Fournier JB, Testa EJ
N Engl J Med 2019 Jun 20;380(25):e48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMicm1804137. PMID: 31216402
Liver reirradiation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis.
McDuff SGR, Remillard KA, Zheng H, Raldow AC, Wo JY, Eyler CE, Drapek LC, Goyal L, Blaszkowsky LS, Clark JW, Allen JN, Parikh AR, Ryan DP, Ferrone CR, Tanabe KK, Wolfgang JA, Zhu AX, Hong TS
Pract Radiat Oncol 2018 Nov-Dec;8(6):414-421. Epub 2018 Apr 26 doi: 10.1016/j.prro.2018.04.012. PMID: 29937235
Anatomy of the Right Anterior Sector of the Liver and Its Clinical Implications in Surgery.
Cazauran JB, Pâris L, Rousset P, Mercier F, Kepenekian V, Viste A, Passot G
J Gastrointest Surg 2018 Oct;22(10):1819-1831. Epub 2018 Jun 18 doi: 10.1007/s11605-018-3831-9. PMID: 29916108
Ack1 overexpression promotes metastasis and indicates poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.
Lei X, Li YF, Chen GD, Ou DP, Qiu XX, Zuo CH, Yang LY
Oncotarget 2015 Dec 1;6(38):40622-41. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.5872. PMID: 26536663Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Robotic ALPPS.
Machado MAC, Surjan RC, Makdissi F
Ann Surg Oncol 2020 Apr;27(4):1174-1179. Epub 2019 Nov 4 doi: 10.1245/s10434-019-08027-x. PMID: 31686346
The hepatic bridge.
Sugarbaker PH
Eur J Surg Oncol 2018 Jul;44(7):1083-1086. Epub 2018 Apr 11 doi: 10.1016/j.ejso.2018.03.031. PMID: 29699839
Radiation-Induced Liver Toxicity.
Munoz-Schuffenegger P, Ng S, Dawson LA
Semin Radiat Oncol 2017 Oct;27(4):350-357. doi: 10.1016/j.semradonc.2017.04.002. PMID: 28865518
Liver surgery in cirrhosis and portal hypertension.
Hackl C, Schlitt HJ, Renner P, Lang SA
World J Gastroenterol 2016 Mar 7;22(9):2725-35. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v22.i9.2725. PMID: 26973411Free PMC Article
Cholangiocarcinoma: an endoscopist's perspective.
Atiq M, Javle M, Dang S, Lee JH
Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2010 Oct;4(5):601-11. doi: 10.1586/egh.10.61. PMID: 20932145

Recent systematic reviews

NALIRIFOX, FOLFIRINOX, and Gemcitabine With Nab-Paclitaxel as First-Line Chemotherapy for Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Nichetti F, Rota S, Ambrosini P, Pircher C, Gusmaroli E, Droz Dit Busset M, Pusceddu S, Sposito C, Coppa J, Morano F, Pietrantonio F, Di Bartolomeo M, Mariani L, Mazzaferro V, de Braud F, Niger M
JAMA Netw Open 2024 Jan 2;7(1):e2350756. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.50756. PMID: 38190183Free PMC Article
Efficacy and safety of mesenchymal stem cell therapy in liver cirrhosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Lu W, Qu J, Yan L, Tang X, Wang X, Ye A, Zou Z, Li L, Ye J, Zhou L
Stem Cell Res Ther 2023 Oct 20;14(1):301. doi: 10.1186/s13287-023-03518-x. PMID: 37864199Free PMC Article
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence in Alcohol-Associated Cirrhosis: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
Huang DQ, Tan DJH, Ng CH, Amangurbanova M, Sutter N, Lin Tay PW, Lim WH, Yong JN, Tang A, Syn N, Muthiah MD, Tan EXX, Dave S, Tay B, Majzoub AM, Gerberi D, Kim BK, Loomba R
Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023 May;21(5):1169-1177. Epub 2022 Aug 5 doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.06.032. PMID: 35940513Free PMC Article
Clinical characteristics, surveillance, treatment allocation, and outcomes of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-related hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tan DJH, Ng CH, Lin SY, Pan XH, Tay P, Lim WH, Teng M, Syn N, Lim G, Yong JN, Quek J, Xiao J, Dan YY, Siddiqui MS, Sanyal AJ, Muthiah MD, Loomba R, Huang DQ
Lancet Oncol 2022 Apr;23(4):521-530. Epub 2022 Mar 4 doi: 10.1016/S1470-2045(22)00078-X. PMID: 35255263Free PMC Article
Hepatotoxicity From Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Management Recommendation.
Peeraphatdit TB, Wang J, Odenwald MA, Hu S, Hart J, Charlton MR
Hepatology 2020 Jul;72(1):315-329. doi: 10.1002/hep.31227. PMID: 32167613

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