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Substance Withdrawal Delirium

MedGen UID:
457451
•Concept ID:
C2985225
•
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction

Definition

A disorder characterized by the acute and sudden development of changes in attention, memory, language and/or perception that can be etiologically linked to the direct physiological consequences of substance withdrawal. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVSubstance Withdrawal Delirium

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome management: Is there anything new?
Airagnes G, Ducoutumany G, Laffy-Beaufils B, Le Faou AL, Limosin F
Rev Med Interne 2019 Jun;40(6):373-379. Epub 2019 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.02.001. PMID: 30853380
ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcoholic Liver Disease.
Singal AK, Bataller R, Ahn J, Kamath PS, Shah VH
Am J Gastroenterol 2018 Feb;113(2):175-194. Epub 2018 Jan 16 doi: 10.1038/ajg.2017.469. PMID: 29336434Free PMC Article
Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens).
Schuckit MA
N Engl J Med 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2109-13. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1407298. PMID: 25427113

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Use of Phenobarbital in Alcohol Withdrawal Management - A Retrospective Comparison Study of Phenobarbital and Benzodiazepines for Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Management in General Medical Patients.
Nisavic M, Nejad SH, Isenberg BM, Bajwa EK, Currier P, Wallace PM, Velmahos G, Wilens T
Psychosomatics 2019 Sep-Oct;60(5):458-467. Epub 2019 Feb 14 doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2019.02.002. PMID: 30876654
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome management: Is there anything new?
Airagnes G, Ducoutumany G, Laffy-Beaufils B, Le Faou AL, Limosin F
Rev Med Interne 2019 Jun;40(6):373-379. Epub 2019 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.02.001. PMID: 30853380
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
Attilia F, Perciballi R, Rotondo C, Capriglione I, Iannuzzi S, Attilia ML, Coriale G, Vitali M, Cereatti F, Fiore M, Ceccanti M; Interdisciplinary Study Group CRARL - SITAC - SIPaD - SITD - SIPDip
Riv Psichiatr 2018 May-Jun;53(3):118-122. doi: 10.1708/2925.29413. PMID: 29912213
Management of Acute Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Critically Ill Patients.
Dixit D, Endicott J, Burry L, Ramos L, Yeung SY, Devabhakthuni S, Chan C, Tobia A, Bulloch MN
Pharmacotherapy 2016 Jul;36(7):797-822. Epub 2016 Jun 30 doi: 10.1002/phar.1770. PMID: 27196747
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Carlson RW, Kumar NN, Wong-Mckinstry E, Ayyagari S, Puri N, Jackson FK, Shashikumar S
Crit Care Clin 2012 Oct;28(4):549-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.004. PMID: 22998991

Diagnosis

Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
Attilia F, Perciballi R, Rotondo C, Capriglione I, Iannuzzi S, Attilia ML, Coriale G, Vitali M, Cereatti F, Fiore M, Ceccanti M; Interdisciplinary Study Group CRARL - SITAC - SIPaD - SITD - SIPDip
Riv Psichiatr 2018 May-Jun;53(3):118-122. doi: 10.1708/2925.29413. PMID: 29912213
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome: mechanisms, manifestations, and management.
Jesse S, Bråthen G, Ferrara M, Keindl M, Ben-Menachem E, Tanasescu R, Brodtkorb E, Hillbom M, Leone MA, Ludolph AC
Acta Neurol Scand 2017 Jan;135(1):4-16. Epub 2016 Sep 1 doi: 10.1111/ane.12671. PMID: 27586815Free PMC Article
Identification and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Mirijello A, D'Angelo C, Ferrulli A, Vassallo G, Antonelli M, Caputo F, Leggio L, Gasbarrini A, Addolorato G
Drugs 2015 Mar;75(4):353-65. doi: 10.1007/s40265-015-0358-1. PMID: 25666543Free PMC Article
Recognition and management of withdrawal delirium (delirium tremens).
Schuckit MA
N Engl J Med 2014 Nov 27;371(22):2109-13. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1407298. PMID: 25427113
Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: the revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar).
Sullivan JT, Sykora K, Schneiderman J, Naranjo CA, Sellers EM
Br J Addict 1989 Nov;84(11):1353-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00737.x. PMID: 2597811

Therapy

Clinical management of the alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Day E, Daly C
Addiction 2022 Mar;117(3):804-814. Epub 2021 Aug 22 doi: 10.1111/add.15647. PMID: 34288186
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome management: Is there anything new?
Airagnes G, Ducoutumany G, Laffy-Beaufils B, Le Faou AL, Limosin F
Rev Med Interne 2019 Jun;40(6):373-379. Epub 2019 Mar 7 doi: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.02.001. PMID: 30853380
Identification and management of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Mirijello A, D'Angelo C, Ferrulli A, Vassallo G, Antonelli M, Caputo F, Leggio L, Gasbarrini A, Addolorato G
Drugs 2015 Mar;75(4):353-65. doi: 10.1007/s40265-015-0358-1. PMID: 25666543Free PMC Article
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Carlson RW, Kumar NN, Wong-Mckinstry E, Ayyagari S, Puri N, Jackson FK, Shashikumar S
Crit Care Clin 2012 Oct;28(4):549-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.004. PMID: 22998991
Assessment of alcohol withdrawal: the revised clinical institute withdrawal assessment for alcohol scale (CIWA-Ar).
Sullivan JT, Sykora K, Schneiderman J, Naranjo CA, Sellers EM
Br J Addict 1989 Nov;84(11):1353-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1360-0443.1989.tb00737.x. PMID: 2597811

Prognosis

Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Neurocritical Care Unit: Assessment and Treatment Challenges.
Farrokh S, Roels C, Owusu KA, Nelson SE, Cook AM
Neurocrit Care 2021 Apr;34(2):593-607. Epub 2020 Aug 13 doi: 10.1007/s12028-020-01061-8. PMID: 32794143
Will This Hospitalized Patient Develop Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
Wood E, Albarqouni L, Tkachuk S, Green CJ, Ahamad K, Nolan S, McLean M, Klimas J
JAMA 2018 Aug 28;320(8):825-833. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.10574. PMID: 30167704Free PMC Article
ACG Clinical Guideline: Alcoholic Liver Disease.
Singal AK, Bataller R, Ahn J, Kamath PS, Shah VH
Am J Gastroenterol 2018 Feb;113(2):175-194. Epub 2018 Jan 16 doi: 10.1038/ajg.2017.469. PMID: 29336434Free PMC Article
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Carlson RW, Kumar NN, Wong-Mckinstry E, Ayyagari S, Puri N, Jackson FK, Shashikumar S
Crit Care Clin 2012 Oct;28(4):549-85. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2012.07.004. PMID: 22998991
Steroid psychosis: a review.
Sirois F
Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2003 Jan-Feb;25(1):27-33. doi: 10.1016/s0163-8343(02)00241-4. PMID: 12583925

Clinical prediction guides

Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Bahji A, Bach P, Danilewitz M, Crockford D, El-Guebaly N, Devoe DJ, Saitz R
Addiction 2022 Oct;117(10):2591-2601. Epub 2022 Mar 15 doi: 10.1111/add.15853. PMID: 35194860Free PMC Article
Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome in Neurocritical Care Unit: Assessment and Treatment Challenges.
Farrokh S, Roels C, Owusu KA, Nelson SE, Cook AM
Neurocrit Care 2021 Apr;34(2):593-607. Epub 2020 Aug 13 doi: 10.1007/s12028-020-01061-8. PMID: 32794143
Will This Hospitalized Patient Develop Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
Wood E, Albarqouni L, Tkachuk S, Green CJ, Ahamad K, Nolan S, McLean M, Klimas J
JAMA 2018 Aug 28;320(8):825-833. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.10574. PMID: 30167704Free PMC Article
Outcome of delirium in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Salluh JI, Wang H, Schneider EB, Nagaraja N, Yenokyan G, Damluji A, Serafim RB, Stevens RD
BMJ 2015 Jun 3;350:h2538. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h2538. PMID: 26041151Free PMC Article
Agrypnia excitata.
Lugaresi E, Provini F, Cortelli P
Sleep Med 2011 Dec;12 Suppl 2:S3-10. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2011.10.004. PMID: 22136896

Recent systematic reviews

Comparative efficacy and safety of pharmacotherapies for alcohol withdrawal: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Bahji A, Bach P, Danilewitz M, Crockford D, El-Guebaly N, Devoe DJ, Saitz R
Addiction 2022 Oct;117(10):2591-2601. Epub 2022 Mar 15 doi: 10.1111/add.15853. PMID: 35194860Free PMC Article
Will This Hospitalized Patient Develop Severe Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome?: The Rational Clinical Examination Systematic Review.
Wood E, Albarqouni L, Tkachuk S, Green CJ, Ahamad K, Nolan S, McLean M, Klimas J
JAMA 2018 Aug 28;320(8):825-833. doi: 10.1001/jama.2018.10574. PMID: 30167704Free PMC Article
Outcome of delirium in critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis.
Salluh JI, Wang H, Schneider EB, Nagaraja N, Yenokyan G, Damluji A, Serafim RB, Stevens RD
BMJ 2015 Jun 3;350:h2538. doi: 10.1136/bmj.h2538. PMID: 26041151Free PMC Article
The "Prediction of Alcohol Withdrawal Severity Scale" (PAWSS): systematic literature review and pilot study of a new scale for the prediction of complicated alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
Maldonado JR, Sher Y, Ashouri JF, Hills-Evans K, Swendsen H, Lolak S, Miller AC
Alcohol 2014 Jun;48(4):375-90. Epub 2014 Feb 19 doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2014.01.004. PMID: 24657098
Magnesium for alcohol withdrawal.
Sarai M, Tejani AM, Chan AH, Kuo IF, Li J
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2013 Jun 5;2013(6):CD008358. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD008358.pub2. PMID: 23740536Free PMC Article

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