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Ehrlichiosis

MedGen UID:
39039
•Concept ID:
C0085399
•
Disease or Syndrome
Synonym: Human Ehrlichiosis
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0016003
Orphanet: ORPHA1902

Definition

A group of acute febrile tick-borne diseases characterized by an overlapping clinical picture that includes fever, headache, myalgias, arthralgias, skin eruptions, gastrointestinal symptoms and neurological manifestations. Diseases in this group include human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis (HME), human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis (HGA), and human ehrlichiosis ewingii (HEE). [from ORDO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVEhrlichiosis
Follow this link to review classifications for Ehrlichiosis in Orphanet.

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Tickborne Diseases: Diagnosis and Management.
Pace EJ, O'Reilly M
Am Fam Physician 2020 May 1;101(9):530-540. PMID: 32352736
Diagnosis and treatment of tick infestation and tick-borne diseases with cutaneous manifestations.
Dana AN
Dermatol Ther 2009 Jul-Aug;22(4):293-326. doi: 10.1111/j.1529-8019.2009.01244.x. PMID: 19580576
The clinical assessment, treatment, and prevention of lyme disease, human granulocytic anaplasmosis, and babesiosis: clinical practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
Wormser GP, Dattwyler RJ, Shapiro ED, Halperin JJ, Steere AC, Klempner MS, Krause PJ, Bakken JS, Strle F, Stanek G, Bockenstedt L, Fish D, Dumler JS, Nadelman RB
Clin Infect Dis 2006 Nov 1;43(9):1089-134. Epub 2006 Oct 2 doi: 10.1086/508667. PMID: 17029130

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Tick-Borne Diseases.
Eilbert W, Matella A
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2024 May;42(2):287-302. Epub 2024 Feb 29 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.01.004. PMID: 38641392
Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis among Transfusion and Transplant Recipients in the United States.
Mowla SJ, Drexler NA, Cherry CC, Annambholta PD, Kracalik IT, Basavaraju SV
Emerg Infect Dis 2021 Nov;27(11):2768-2775. doi: 10.3201/eid2711.211127. PMID: 34670661Free PMC Article
Tickborne Diseases: Diagnosis and Management.
Pace EJ, O'Reilly M
Am Fam Physician 2020 May 1;101(9):530-540. PMID: 32352736
Dermatoses from ticks.
McGinley-Smith DE, Tsao SS
J Am Acad Dermatol 2003 Sep;49(3):363-92; quiz 393-6. doi: 10.1067/s0190-9622(03)01868-1. PMID: 12963900
Ehrlichiosis in children.
Lantos PM, Krause PJ
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 2002 Oct;13(4):249-56. doi: 10.1053/spid.2002.127200. PMID: 12491230

Diagnosis

Tick-Borne Illnesses.
Choi E, Pyzocha NJ, Maurer DM
Curr Sports Med Rep 2016 Mar-Apr;15(2):98-104. doi: 10.1249/JSR.0000000000000238. PMID: 26963018
Dermatoses from ticks.
McGinley-Smith DE, Tsao SS
J Am Acad Dermatol 2003 Sep;49(3):363-92; quiz 393-6. doi: 10.1067/s0190-9622(03)01868-1. PMID: 12963900
Tick-borne infections.
Singh-Behl D, La Rosa SP, Tomecki KJ
Dermatol Clin 2003 Apr;21(2):237-44, v. doi: 10.1016/s0733-8635(02)00092-x. PMID: 12757245
Ehrlichiosis in children.
Lantos PM, Krause PJ
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 2002 Oct;13(4):249-56. doi: 10.1053/spid.2002.127200. PMID: 12491230
Ehrlichiosis.
Harkess JR
Infect Dis Clin North Am 1991 Mar;5(1):37-51. PMID: 2051014

Therapy

Ehrlichiosis and Anaplasmosis among Transfusion and Transplant Recipients in the United States.
Mowla SJ, Drexler NA, Cherry CC, Annambholta PD, Kracalik IT, Basavaraju SV
Emerg Infect Dis 2021 Nov;27(11):2768-2775. doi: 10.3201/eid2711.211127. PMID: 34670661Free PMC Article
Tickborne Diseases: Diagnosis and Management.
Pace EJ, O'Reilly M
Am Fam Physician 2020 May 1;101(9):530-540. PMID: 32352736
Tick-borne disease.
Bratton RL, Corey R
Am Fam Physician 2005 Jun 15;71(12):2323-30. PMID: 15999870
Ehrlichiosis in children.
Lantos PM, Krause PJ
Semin Pediatr Infect Dis 2002 Oct;13(4):249-56. doi: 10.1053/spid.2002.127200. PMID: 12491230
The tetracyclines.
Smilack JD
Mayo Clin Proc 1999 Jul;74(7):727-9. doi: 10.4065/74.7.727. PMID: 10405705

Prognosis

Tick-Borne Diseases.
Eilbert W, Matella A
Emerg Med Clin North Am 2024 May;42(2):287-302. Epub 2024 Feb 29 doi: 10.1016/j.emc.2024.01.004. PMID: 38641392
The rash with maculopapules and fever in adults.
Muzumdar S, Rothe MJ, Grant-Kels JM
Clin Dermatol 2019 Mar-Apr;37(2):109-118. Epub 2018 Dec 5 doi: 10.1016/j.clindermatol.2018.12.004. PMID: 30981291
The Blacklegged Tick, Ixodes scapularis: An Increasing Public Health Concern.
Eisen RJ, Eisen L
Trends Parasitol 2018 Apr;34(4):295-309. Epub 2018 Jan 11 doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2017.12.006. PMID: 29336985Free PMC Article
Ocular manifestations of tick-borne diseases.
Raja H, Starr MR, Bakri SJ
Surv Ophthalmol 2016 Nov-Dec;61(6):726-744. Epub 2016 Apr 7 doi: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2016.03.011. PMID: 27060746
Dermatoses from ticks.
McGinley-Smith DE, Tsao SS
J Am Acad Dermatol 2003 Sep;49(3):363-92; quiz 393-6. doi: 10.1067/s0190-9622(03)01868-1. PMID: 12963900

Clinical prediction guides

Clinical and pathological factors associated with Ehrlichia canis in companion dogs.
Espino-Solís GP, Flores-Lira EA, Barreras-Serrano A, García-Reynoso IC, De la Mora Covarrubias A, Jiménez Vega F, Escárcega-Ávila A
J Infect Dev Ctries 2023 Nov 30;17(11):1598-1605. doi: 10.3855/jidc.17961. PMID: 38064403
Distribution of tick-borne diseases in China.
Wu XB, Na RH, Wei SS, Zhu JS, Peng HJ
Parasit Vectors 2013 Apr 23;6:119. doi: 10.1186/1756-3305-6-119. PMID: 23617899Free PMC Article
Ehrlichiosis optic neuritis.
Lee MS, Goslee TE, Lessell S
Am J Ophthalmol 2003 Mar;135(3):412-3. doi: 10.1016/s0002-9394(02)01945-1. PMID: 12614774
Human monocytic and granulocytic ehrlichioses. Discovery and diagnosis of emerging tick-borne infections and the critical role of the pathologist.
Walker DH, Dumler JS
Arch Pathol Lab Med 1997 Aug;121(8):785-91. PMID: 9278605
Ehrlichiosis.
Harkess JR
Infect Dis Clin North Am 1991 Mar;5(1):37-51. PMID: 2051014

Recent systematic reviews

Global prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum coinfection in wild and domesticated animals: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ma W, Gao L, Wu X, Zhong L, Huang X, Yang R, Wu H, Zhu L, Ma W, Peng L, Li B, Song J, Luo S, Bao F, Liu A
J Glob Health 2024 Dec 6;14:04231. doi: 10.7189/jogh.14.04231. PMID: 39641312Free PMC Article
Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis-A systematic review and analysis of the literature.
Schudel S, Gygax L, Kositz C, Kuenzli E, Neumayr A
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024 Aug;18(8):e0012313. Epub 2024 Aug 5 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012313. PMID: 39102427Free PMC Article
Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis-A systematic review and analysis of the literature.
Gygax L, Schudel S, Kositz C, Kuenzli E, Neumayr A
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2024 Aug;18(8):e0012377. Epub 2024 Aug 2 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012377. PMID: 39093857Free PMC Article
Tick-borne zoonoses in the Order Rickettsiales and Legionellales in Iran: A systematic review.
Khamesipour F, Dida GO, Anyona DN, Razavi SM, Rakhshandehroo E
PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2018 Sep;12(9):e0006722. Epub 2018 Sep 11 doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0006722. PMID: 30204754Free PMC Article
Repellence of essential oils and selected compounds against ticks-A systematic review.
Benelli G, Pavela R
Acta Trop 2018 Mar;179:47-54. Epub 2017 Dec 26 doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.12.025. PMID: 29287758

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