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Persistent flow of blood into aneurysm sac following endovascular insertion of stent graft

MedGen UID:
264185
•Concept ID:
C1504464
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Endoleak; Endoleaks; Leak, Perigraft; Perigraft Leak; Perigraft Leaks
SNOMED CT: Endoleak (1208762007); Persistent flow of blood into aneurysm sac following endovascular insertion of stent graft (1208762007)

Definition

Persistent blood flow/pressure in the aneurysm sac following an endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) procedure. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVPersistent flow of blood into aneurysm sac following endovascular insertion of stent graft

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Society for Vascular Surgery clinical practice guidelines of thoracic endovascular aortic repair for descending thoracic aortic aneurysms.
Upchurch GR Jr, Escobar GA, Azizzadeh A, Beck AW, Conrad MF, Matsumura JS, Murad MH, Perry RJ, Singh MJ, Veeraswamy RK, Wang GJ
J Vasc Surg 2021 Jan;73(1S):55S-83S. Epub 2020 Jul 3 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2020.05.076. PMID: 32628988
Secondary Endoleak Management Following TEVAR and EVAR.
Ameli-Renani S, Pavlidis V, Morgan RA
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020 Dec;43(12):1839-1854. Epub 2020 Aug 10 doi: 10.1007/s00270-020-02572-9. PMID: 32778905Free PMC Article
The Society for Vascular Surgery practice guidelines on the care of patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Chaikof EL, Dalman RL, Eskandari MK, Jackson BM, Lee WA, Mansour MA, Mastracci TM, Mell M, Murad MH, Nguyen LL, Oderich GS, Patel MS, Schermerhorn ML, Starnes BW
J Vasc Surg 2018 Jan;67(1):2-77.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.10.044. PMID: 29268916

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Late Open Conversion Following Failure of EVAR and TEVAR: "State of the Art".
Rinaldi E, Kahlberg A, Carta N, Mascia D, Bertoglio L, Chiesa R
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020 Dec;43(12):1855-1864. Epub 2020 Aug 31 doi: 10.1007/s00270-020-02636-w. PMID: 32869159
Open and Endovascular Management of Aortic Aneurysms.
Swerdlow NJ, Wu WW, Schermerhorn ML
Circ Res 2019 Feb 15;124(4):647-661. doi: 10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313186. PMID: 30763206
Type II endoleaks: when and how.
Grima MJ, Karthikesalingam A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2017 Dec;58(6):889-894. Epub 2017 Jun 19 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.17.10072-8. PMID: 28627864
Type II endoleaks: challenges and solutions.
Brown A, Saggu GK, Bown MJ, Sayers RD, Sidloff DA
Vasc Health Risk Manag 2016;12:53-63. Epub 2016 Mar 2 doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S81275. PMID: 27042087Free PMC Article
Type II endoleaks.
Avgerinos ED, Chaer RA, Makaroun MS
J Vasc Surg 2014 Nov;60(5):1386-1391. Epub 2014 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.07.100. PMID: 25175637

Diagnosis

Secondary Endoleak Management Following TEVAR and EVAR.
Ameli-Renani S, Pavlidis V, Morgan RA
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020 Dec;43(12):1839-1854. Epub 2020 Aug 10 doi: 10.1007/s00270-020-02572-9. PMID: 32778905Free PMC Article
Type II endoleaks: when and how.
Grima MJ, Karthikesalingam A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2017 Dec;58(6):889-894. Epub 2017 Jun 19 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.17.10072-8. PMID: 28627864
Type II endoleaks: challenges and solutions.
Brown A, Saggu GK, Bown MJ, Sayers RD, Sidloff DA
Vasc Health Risk Manag 2016;12:53-63. Epub 2016 Mar 2 doi: 10.2147/VHRM.S81275. PMID: 27042087Free PMC Article
MDCT of endoleaks following endovascular repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms.
Heller MT, Shah AB, Bhargava P, Srivastava U, Sun X
Clin Imaging 2015 May-Jun;39(3):367-73. Epub 2015 Jan 14 doi: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2015.01.004. PMID: 25660322
Type II endoleaks.
Avgerinos ED, Chaer RA, Makaroun MS
J Vasc Surg 2014 Nov;60(5):1386-1391. Epub 2014 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.07.100. PMID: 25175637

Therapy

Late Open Conversion Following Failure of EVAR and TEVAR: "State of the Art".
Rinaldi E, Kahlberg A, Carta N, Mascia D, Bertoglio L, Chiesa R
Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2020 Dec;43(12):1855-1864. Epub 2020 Aug 31 doi: 10.1007/s00270-020-02636-w. PMID: 32869159
Endovascular Aneurysm Repair With Inferior Mesenteric Artery Embolization for Preventing Type II Endoleak: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.
Samura M, Morikage N, Otsuka R, Mizoguchi T, Takeuchi Y, Nagase T, Harada T, Yamashita O, Suehiro K, Hamano K
Ann Surg 2020 Feb;271(2):238-244. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000003299. PMID: 30946077
Type II endoleaks: when and how.
Grima MJ, Karthikesalingam A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2017 Dec;58(6):889-894. Epub 2017 Jun 19 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.17.10072-8. PMID: 28627864
Nellix EndoVascular Aneurysm Sealing System: Device description, technique of implantation, and literature review.
Batagini NC, Hardy D, Clair DG, Kirksey L
Semin Vasc Surg 2016 Mar;29(1-2):55-60. Epub 2016 Apr 4 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2016.04.001. PMID: 27823591
Type II endoleaks.
Avgerinos ED, Chaer RA, Makaroun MS
J Vasc Surg 2014 Nov;60(5):1386-1391. Epub 2014 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.07.100. PMID: 25175637

Prognosis

Step-by-Step Approach to Management of Type II Endoleaks.
Bryce Y, Lam CK, Ganguli S, Schiro BJ, Cooper K, Cline M, Oklu R, Vatakencherry G, Peña CS, Gandhi RT
Tech Vasc Interv Radiol 2018 Sep;21(3):188-195. Epub 2018 Jun 14 doi: 10.1053/j.tvir.2018.06.009. PMID: 30497554
Type II endoleaks: when and how.
Grima MJ, Karthikesalingam A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2017 Dec;58(6):889-894. Epub 2017 Jun 19 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.17.10072-8. PMID: 28627864
Endovascular aneurysm sealing addresses several limitations of conventional endovascular aneurysm repair.
Kostun ZW, Woo EY
Semin Vasc Surg 2016 Mar;29(1-2):50-54. Epub 2016 Jun 18 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2016.06.004. PMID: 27823590
Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) follow-up imaging: the assessment and treatment of common postoperative complications.
Ilyas S, Shaida N, Thakor AS, Winterbottom A, Cousins C
Clin Radiol 2015 Feb;70(2):183-96. Epub 2014 Nov 15 doi: 10.1016/j.crad.2014.09.010. PMID: 25443774
Type II endoleaks.
Avgerinos ED, Chaer RA, Makaroun MS
J Vasc Surg 2014 Nov;60(5):1386-1391. Epub 2014 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.07.100. PMID: 25175637

Clinical prediction guides

Management of Endoleaks After Elective Infrarenal Aortic Endovascular Aneurysm Repair: A Review.
Cifuentes S, Mendes BC, Tabiei A, Scali ST, Oderich GS, DeMartino RR
JAMA Surg 2023 Sep 1;158(9):965-973. doi: 10.1001/jamasurg.2023.2934. PMID: 37494030
Imaging modalities for endoleak surveillance.
Williams AB, Williams ZB
J Med Radiat Sci 2021 Dec;68(4):446-452. Epub 2021 Jun 18 doi: 10.1002/jmrs.522. PMID: 34145780Free PMC Article
Type II endoleaks: when and how.
Grima MJ, Karthikesalingam A
J Cardiovasc Surg (Torino) 2017 Dec;58(6):889-894. Epub 2017 Jun 19 doi: 10.23736/S0021-9509.17.10072-8. PMID: 28627864
Endovascular aneurysm sealing addresses several limitations of conventional endovascular aneurysm repair.
Kostun ZW, Woo EY
Semin Vasc Surg 2016 Mar;29(1-2):50-54. Epub 2016 Jun 18 doi: 10.1053/j.semvascsurg.2016.06.004. PMID: 27823590
Type II endoleaks.
Avgerinos ED, Chaer RA, Makaroun MS
J Vasc Surg 2014 Nov;60(5):1386-1391. Epub 2014 Aug 28 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2014.07.100. PMID: 25175637

Recent systematic reviews

Utility of 3D printed abdominal aortic aneurysm phantoms: a systematic review.
Coles-Black J, Bolton D, Robinson D, Chuen J
ANZ J Surg 2021 Sep;91(9):1673-1681. Epub 2021 Apr 6 doi: 10.1111/ans.16763. PMID: 33825293
A systematic review of primary endovascular repair of the ascending aorta.
Muetterties CE, Menon R, Wheatley GH 3rd
J Vasc Surg 2018 Jan;67(1):332-342. Epub 2017 Aug 23 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.06.099. PMID: 28844469
A systematic review of surveillance after endovascular aortic repair.
Zaiem F, Almasri J, Tello M, Prokop LJ, Chaikof EL, Murad MH
J Vasc Surg 2018 Jan;67(1):320-331.e37. Epub 2017 Jun 26 doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.04.058. PMID: 28662928
Fenestrated and Chimney Technique for Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysm: A Systematic Review and Pooled Data Analysis.
Li Y, Hu Z, Bai C, Liu J, Zhang T, Ge Y, Luan S, Guo W
Sci Rep 2016 Feb 12;6:20497. doi: 10.1038/srep20497. PMID: 26869488Free PMC Article
Endovascular stenting of extracranial carotid artery aneurysm: a systematic review.
Li Z, Chang G, Yao C, Guo L, Liu Y, Wang M, Liu D, Wang S
Eur J Vasc Endovasc Surg 2011 Oct;42(4):419-26. Epub 2011 Jun 8 doi: 10.1016/j.ejvs.2011.05.008. PMID: 21646029

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