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Absent pituitary stalk

MedGen UID:
1795565
Concept ID:
C5563355
Congenital Abnormality
HPO: HP:0034976

Definition

A developmental defect characterized by failure to develop of the pituitary stalk. The pituitary stalk, also known as the infundibulum or infundibular stalk, is the connection between the hypothalamus and the pituitary gland. [from HPO]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVAbsent pituitary stalk

Conditions with this feature

Pituitary hormone deficiency, combined or isolated, 8
MedGen UID:
1841011
Concept ID:
C5830375
Disease or Syndrome
Combined pituitary hormone deficiency-8 (CPHD8) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by deficiency of one or more of the pituitary hormones. Affected individuals have short stature due to growth hormone (GH; 139250) deficiency with variable deficiencies of other pituitary hormones, including TSH (see 188540), ACTH, and LH/FSH (see 118850). Posterior pituitary deficiency leading to central diabetes insipidus is rare (Bashamboo et al., 2017). Many patients are diagnosed with 'pituitary stalk interruption syndrome' (PSIS), which is characterized by a thin or absent pituitary stalk, absent or ectopic posterior pituitary, and hypoplasia of the anterior pituitary demonstrated on brain imaging, although this classic triad may be incomplete. Brauner et al. (2020) noted the complex phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity of PSIS, and concluded that it is a feature of genetic disorders or syndromes rather than a specific clinical entity. For a discussion of genetic heterogeneity of combined pituitary hormone deficiency, see CPHD1 (613038).

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Voutetakis A, Sertedaki A, Dacou-Voutetakis C
Curr Opin Pediatr 2016 Aug;28(4):545-50. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000378. PMID: 27386973

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Zwaveling-Soonawala N, Alders M, Jongejan A, Kovacic L, Duijkers FA, Maas SM, Fliers E, van Trotsenburg ASP, Hennekam RC
J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 Feb 1;103(2):415-428. doi: 10.1210/jc.2017-01660. PMID: 29165578
Mehta A, Hindmarsh PC, Mehta H, Turton JP, Russell-Eggitt I, Taylor D, Chong WK, Dattani MT
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009 Sep;71(3):376-82. Epub 2009 Mar 6 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03572.x. PMID: 19320653
Hamilton J, Blaser S, Daneman D
AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 1998 Oct;19(9):1609-15. PMID: 9802480Free PMC Article
Maghnie M, Genovese E, Villa A, Spagnolo L, Campan R, Severi F
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996 Sep;45(3):281-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.00789.x. PMID: 8949565

Diagnosis

Wen-Lu W, Fen-Fan X, You-Yu G, Lin-Wu G
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 Mar;32(3):389-391. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.03.389. PMID: 35148598
Voutetakis A, Sertedaki A, Dacou-Voutetakis C
Curr Opin Pediatr 2016 Aug;28(4):545-50. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000000378. PMID: 27386973
Fliers E, Boelen A, van Trotsenburg AS
Handb Clin Neurol 2014;124:127-38. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-444-59602-4.00009-5. PMID: 25248584
Guo Q, Yang Y, Mu Y, Lu J, Pan C, Dou J, Lv Z, Ba J, Wang B, Zou X, Yang L, Ouyang J, Yang G, Wang X, Du J, Gu W, Jin N, Chen K, Zang L, Erickson BJ
PLoS One 2013;8(1):e53579. Epub 2013 Jan 14 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053579. PMID: 23341953Free PMC Article
Argyropoulou MI, Kiortsis DN
Pediatr Radiol 2005 Nov;35(11):1045-55. Epub 2005 Jun 1 doi: 10.1007/s00247-005-1512-9. PMID: 15928924

Therapy

Desikan V, Roque C, Wilson TA
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2009 Sep;22(9):859-62. doi: 10.1515/jpem.2009.22.9.859. PMID: 19960896

Prognosis

Wen-Lu W, Fen-Fan X, You-Yu G, Lin-Wu G
J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 Mar;32(3):389-391. doi: 10.29271/jcpsp.2022.03.389. PMID: 35148598
Mehta A, Hindmarsh PC, Mehta H, Turton JP, Russell-Eggitt I, Taylor D, Chong WK, Dattani MT
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009 Sep;71(3):376-82. Epub 2009 Mar 6 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03572.x. PMID: 19320653
Maghnie M, Genovese E, Villa A, Spagnolo L, Campan R, Severi F
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996 Sep;45(3):281-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.00789.x. PMID: 8949565

Clinical prediction guides

Voutetakis A
Handb Clin Neurol 2021;181:9-27. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-12-820683-6.00002-6. PMID: 34238482
Mehta A, Hindmarsh PC, Mehta H, Turton JP, Russell-Eggitt I, Taylor D, Chong WK, Dattani MT
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2009 Sep;71(3):376-82. Epub 2009 Mar 6 doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2265.2009.03572.x. PMID: 19320653
Argyropoulou MI, Kiortsis DN
Pediatr Radiol 2005 Nov;35(11):1045-55. Epub 2005 Jun 1 doi: 10.1007/s00247-005-1512-9. PMID: 15928924
Maghnie M, Genovese E, Villa A, Spagnolo L, Campan R, Severi F
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 1996 Sep;45(3):281-90. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.00789.x. PMID: 8949565

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