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Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament

MedGen UID:
104849
•Concept ID:
C0206366
•
Pathologic Function
Synonyms: Calcification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament; Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament; Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Calcification; Posterior Longitudinal Ligament Ossification
SNOMED CT: Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (90448008); Posterior longitudinal ligament calcification (90448008); Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (90448008)

Definition

A disorder characterized by benign depositions of calcium in the posterior longitudinal ligament. Signs and symptoms result from the compression of nerve roots and include motor and sensory disturbances in the lower and upper extremities, and pain in the neck and arms. [from NCI]

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  
  • CROGVOssification of posterior longitudinal ligament

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Outcome of Thoracic Column Antedisplacement and Fusion in Treatment of Thoracic Myelopathy Caused by Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: A Case Series Study.
Ma X, Wang B, Chen Y, Ge S, Zou X, Zhang S, Xia H
Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2021 Aug 16;21(3):118-125. doi: 10.1093/ons/opab193. PMID: 34097732
Consensus statement on diagnosis and treatment of cervical ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament from Asia Pacific Spine Society (APSS) 2020.
Sun XF, Wang Y, Sun JC, Xu XM, Kong QJ, Chen Y, Yang HS, Liu Y, Guo YF, Shi GD, Chen XS, Chen DY, Shen Y, Hao DJ, Shen HX, Zhu QS, Yuan W, Jia LS, Shi JG
J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2020 Sep-Dec;28(3):2309499020975213. doi: 10.1177/2309499020975213. PMID: 33355038
Multicenter cross-sectional study of the clinical features and types of treatment of spinal cord-related pain syndrome.
Nakajima H, Uchida K, Taguchi T, Yamashita T, Tominaga T, Tanaka M, Yamagata M, Kaito T, Ushida T
J Orthop Sci 2019 Sep;24(5):798-804. Epub 2019 Feb 15 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.01.012. PMID: 30777363

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

Genetics of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Ossification of the Spinal Ligaments.
Kato H, Braddock DT, Ito N
Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023 Oct;21(5):552-566. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.1007/s11914-023-00814-6. PMID: 37530996Free PMC Article
High whole-body bone mineral density in ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.
Fujita R, Endo T, Takahata M, Koike Y, Yoneoka D, Suzuki R, Tanaka M, Yamada K, Sudo H, Hasegawa T, Terkawi MA, Kadoya K, Iwasaki N
Spine J 2023 Oct;23(10):1461-1470. Epub 2023 Jul 10 doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2023.06.400. PMID: 37437695
Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) clinical practice guidelines on the management of ossification of the spinal ligament, 2019.
Kawaguchi Y, Imagama S, Iwasaki M, Kaito T, Koda M, Chikuda H, Hasegawa T, Mori K, Yoshii T; 2019 Clinical Practice Guideline for Ossification of Spinal Ligaments working group
J Orthop Sci 2021 Jan;26(1):1-45. Epub 2021 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.07.027. PMID: 33536143
Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament and fluorosis.
Reddy KVS, Mudumba VS, Tokala IM, Reddy DR
Neurol India 2018 Sep-Oct;66(5):1394-1399. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.241343. PMID: 30233012
Postoperative paraplegia caused by spinal cord compression secondary to drains and back muscles in a sumo wrestler with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the thoracic spine: A case report.
Takano H, Yonezawa I, Shimamura Y, Yoshikawa K, Momomura R, Muto O, Sato T, Okuda T, Kaneko K
J Orthop Sci 2017 Jul;22(4):802-805. Epub 2015 Dec 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2015.11.002. PMID: 26706254

Diagnosis

Genetics of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Ossification of the Spinal Ligaments.
Kato H, Braddock DT, Ito N
Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023 Oct;21(5):552-566. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.1007/s11914-023-00814-6. PMID: 37530996Free PMC Article
Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management.
Le HV, Wick JB, Van BW, Klineberg EO
J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2022 Sep 1;30(17):820-830. Epub 2022 May 18 doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-22-00049. PMID: 35587949
Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) clinical practice guidelines on the management of ossification of the spinal ligament, 2019.
Kawaguchi Y, Imagama S, Iwasaki M, Kaito T, Koda M, Chikuda H, Hasegawa T, Mori K, Yoshii T; 2019 Clinical Practice Guideline for Ossification of Spinal Ligaments working group
J Orthop Sci 2021 Jan;26(1):1-45. Epub 2021 Jan 31 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2020.07.027. PMID: 33536143
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament in the cervical spine: a review.
Boody BS, Lendner M, Vaccaro AR
Int Orthop 2019 Apr;43(4):797-805. Epub 2018 Aug 16 doi: 10.1007/s00264-018-4106-5. PMID: 30116867
Diagnosis and surgical management of cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.
Epstein N
Spine J 2002 Nov-Dec;2(6):436-49. doi: 10.1016/s1529-9430(02)00394-7. PMID: 14589269

Therapy

Several pathologies cause delayed postoperative paralysis following posterior decompression and spinal fusion for thoracic myelopathy caused by ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament.
Eto T, Aizawa T, Kanno H, Hashimoto K, Itoi E, Ozawa H
J Orthop Sci 2022 May;27(3):725-733. Epub 2019 Sep 12 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2019.08.004. PMID: 31522904
Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Changing Frontiers.
Moghaddamjou A, Badhiwala JH, Fehlings MG
World Neurosurg 2020 Mar;135:377-378. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.12.138. PMID: 32143242
Postoperative paraplegia caused by spinal cord compression secondary to drains and back muscles in a sumo wrestler with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the thoracic spine: A case report.
Takano H, Yonezawa I, Shimamura Y, Yoshikawa K, Momomura R, Muto O, Sato T, Okuda T, Kaneko K
J Orthop Sci 2017 Jul;22(4):802-805. Epub 2015 Dec 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2015.11.002. PMID: 26706254
Conservative management of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. A review.
Pham MH, Attenello FJ, Lucas J, He S, Stapleton CJ, Hsieh PC
Neurosurg Focus 2011 Mar;30(3):E2. doi: 10.3171/2011.1.FOCUS10273. PMID: 21434818
Cervical laminoplasty.
Steinmetz MP, Resnick DK
Spine J 2006 Nov-Dec;6(6 Suppl):274S-281S. doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2006.04.023. PMID: 17097547

Prognosis

MRI-based lesion quality score assessing ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine.
Hsiung W, Lin HY, Lin HH, Yao YC, Wang ST, Chang MC, Chou PH
Spine J 2024 Jul;24(7):1162-1169. Epub 2024 Feb 14 doi: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.02.007. PMID: 38365006
Genetics of Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis and Ossification of the Spinal Ligaments.
Kato H, Braddock DT, Ito N
Curr Osteoporos Rep 2023 Oct;21(5):552-566. Epub 2023 Aug 2 doi: 10.1007/s11914-023-00814-6. PMID: 37530996Free PMC Article
Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament and fluorosis.
Reddy KVS, Mudumba VS, Tokala IM, Reddy DR
Neurol India 2018 Sep-Oct;66(5):1394-1399. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.241343. PMID: 30233012
Postoperative paraplegia caused by spinal cord compression secondary to drains and back muscles in a sumo wrestler with ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the thoracic spine: A case report.
Takano H, Yonezawa I, Shimamura Y, Yoshikawa K, Momomura R, Muto O, Sato T, Okuda T, Kaneko K
J Orthop Sci 2017 Jul;22(4):802-805. Epub 2015 Dec 17 doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2015.11.002. PMID: 26706254
Ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the cervical spine: etiology and natural history.
Matsunaga S, Sakou T
Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2012 Mar 1;37(5):E309-14. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e318241ad33. PMID: 22146284

Clinical prediction guides

Comparison of Anterior Controllable Antedisplacement and Fusion Versus Laminoplasty in the Treatment of Multisegment Ossification of Cervical Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: A Meta-Analysis of Clinical.
Zhang Y, Huang Z, Xu P, Xu Z, Xing X, Xin Y, Gao M, Li X, Xiao Y
World Neurosurg 2024 May;185:193-206. Epub 2023 Dec 28 doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.12.126. PMID: 38157983
Deep learning-based prediction model for postoperative complications of cervical posterior longitudinal ligament ossification.
Ito S, Nakashima H, Yoshii T, Egawa S, Sakai K, Kusano K, Tsutui S, Hirai T, Matsukura Y, Wada K, Katsumi K, Koda M, Kimura A, Furuya T, Maki S, Nagoshi N, Nishida N, Nagamoto Y, Oshima Y, Ando K, Takahata M, Mori K, Nakajima H, Murata K, Miyagi M, Kaito T, Yamada K, Banno T, Kato S, Ohba T, Inami S, Fujibayashi S, Katoh H, Kanno H, Oda M, Mori K, Taneichi H, Kawaguchi Y, Takeshita K, Matsumoto M, Yamazaki M, Okawa A, Imagama S
Eur Spine J 2023 Nov;32(11):3797-3806. Epub 2023 Feb 6 doi: 10.1007/s00586-023-07562-2. PMID: 36740608
Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: Pathophysiology, Diagnosis, and Management.
Le HV, Wick JB, Van BW, Klineberg EO
J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2022 Sep 1;30(17):820-830. Epub 2022 May 18 doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-22-00049. PMID: 35587949
Ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament and fluorosis.
Reddy KVS, Mudumba VS, Tokala IM, Reddy DR
Neurol India 2018 Sep-Oct;66(5):1394-1399. doi: 10.4103/0028-3886.241343. PMID: 30233012
Conservative management of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. A review.
Pham MH, Attenello FJ, Lucas J, He S, Stapleton CJ, Hsieh PC
Neurosurg Focus 2011 Mar;30(3):E2. doi: 10.3171/2011.1.FOCUS10273. PMID: 21434818

Recent systematic reviews

Reoperation rate and risk factors of reoperation for ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL): a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Tayal A, Pahwa B, Garg K
Neurosurg Rev 2023 Nov 24;46(1):313. doi: 10.1007/s10143-023-02215-w. PMID: 37996772
Molecular and Genetic Mechanisms of Spinal Stenosis Formation: Systematic Review.
Byvaltsev VA, Kalinin AA, Hernandez PA, Shepelev VV, Pestryakov YY, Aliyev MA, Giers MB
Int J Mol Sci 2022 Nov 3;23(21) doi: 10.3390/ijms232113479. PMID: 36362274Free PMC Article
The prevalence and clinical characteristics of thoracic spinal stenosis: a systematic review.
Chen G, Fan T, Yang X, Sun C, Fan D, Chen Z
Eur Spine J 2020 Sep;29(9):2164-2172. Epub 2020 Jul 15 doi: 10.1007/s00586-020-06520-6. PMID: 32671614
Comparison of laminoplasty versus laminectomy and fusion in the treatment of multilevel cervical ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Ma L, Liu FY, Huo LS, Zhao ZQ, Sun XZ, Li F, Ding WY
Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Jul;97(29):e11542. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000011542. PMID: 30024545Free PMC Article
Conservative management of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament. A review.
Pham MH, Attenello FJ, Lucas J, He S, Stapleton CJ, Hsieh PC
Neurosurg Focus 2011 Mar;30(3):E2. doi: 10.3171/2011.1.FOCUS10273. PMID: 21434818

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