PTEN phosphatase and tensin homolog
Gene ID: 5728, updated on 11-Jan-2025Gene type: protein coding
Also known as: BZS; DEC; CWS1; GLM2; MHAM; TEP1; MMAC1; PTEN1; 10q23del; PTENbeta; PTENgama
- See all available tests in GTR for this gene
- Go to complete Gene record for PTEN
- Go to Variation Viewer for PTEN variants
Summary
This gene was identified as a tumor suppressor that is mutated in a large number of cancers at high frequency. The protein encoded by this gene is a phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. It contains a tensin like domain as well as a catalytic domain similar to that of the dual specificity protein tyrosine phosphatases. Unlike most of the protein tyrosine phosphatases, this protein preferentially dephosphorylates phosphoinositide substrates. It negatively regulates intracellular levels of phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate in cells and functions as a tumor suppressor by negatively regulating AKT/PKB signaling pathway. The use of a non-canonical (CUG) upstream initiation site produces a longer isoform that initiates translation with a leucine, and is thought to be preferentially associated with the mitochondrial inner membrane. This longer isoform may help regulate energy metabolism in the mitochondria. A pseudogene of this gene is found on chromosome 9. Alternative splicing and the use of multiple translation start codons results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Feb 2015]
Associated conditions
See all available tests in GTR for this gene
| Description | Tests |
|---|---|
| Cowden syndrome 1 | See labs |
| Familial meningioma | See labs |
| Familial prostate cancer | See labs |
| Genome-wide association study of chronic periodontitis in a general German population. GeneReviews: Not available | |
| Genome-wide trans-ancestry meta-analysis provides insight into the genetic architecture of type 2 diabetes susceptibility. GeneReviews: Not available | |
| Glioma susceptibility 2 | See labs |
| Macrocephaly-autism syndrome | See labs |
| PTEN hamartoma tumor syndrome MedGen: C1959582GeneReviews: PTEN Hamartoma Tumor Syndrome | See labs |
Copy number response
| Description |
|---|
| Copy number response Triplosensitivity No evidence available (Last evaluated 2020-06-24) ClinGen Genome Curation PageHaploinsufficency Sufficient evidence for dosage pathogenicity (Last evaluated 2020-06-24) ClinGen Genome Curation PagePubMed |
Genomic context
- Location:
- 10q23.31
- Sequence:
- Chromosome: 10; NC_000010.11 (87863625..87971930)
- Total number of exons:
- 10
Variation
| Resource | Links for this gene |
|---|---|
| ClinVar | Variants reported to ClinVar |
| dbVar | Studies and variants |
| SNP | Variation Viewer for PTEN variants |
| Genome viewer | Explore NCBI-annotated and select non-NCBI annotated genome assemblies |
- ClinVarRelated medical variations
- dbVarLink from Gene to dbVar
- MedGenRelated information in MedGen
- OMIMLink to related OMIM entry
- PubMed (OMIM)Gene links to PubMed derived from omim_pubmed_cited links
- RefSeq RNAsLink to Nucleotide RefSeq RNAs
- RefSeqGeneLink to Nucleotide RefSeqGenes
- Variation ViewerRelated Variants
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