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Waardenburg syndrome type 3

Synonyms
Klein-Waardenberg's syndrome; Klein-Waardenburg syndrome; Waardenburg Syndrome Type III; Waardenburg syndrome with upper limb anomalies; White forelock (poliosis) syndrome with multiple congenital malformations
Modes of inheritance
Autosomal recessive inheritance (Orphanet)
Autosomal dominant inheritance (Orphanet)

Summary

Waardenburg syndrome type 3 is an auditory-pigmentary syndrome characterized by pigmentary abnormalities of the hair, skin, and eyes; congenital sensorineural hearing loss; presence of 'dystopia canthorum,' the lateral displacement of the ocular inner canthi; and upper limb abnormalities (reviews by Read and Newton, 1997 and Pingault et al., 2010). WS type 3 is also referred to as 'Klein-Waardenburg syndrome' (Gorlin et al., 1976). Clinical Variability of Waardenburg Syndrome Types 1-4 Waardenburg syndrome has been classified into 4 main phenotypes. Type I Waardenburg syndrome (WS1; 193500) is characterized by pigmentary abnormalities of the hair, including a white forelock and premature graying; pigmentary changes of the iris, such as heterochromia iridis and brilliant blue eyes; congenital sensorineural hearing loss; and 'dystopia canthorum.' WS type II (WS2) is distinguished from type I by the absence of dystopia canthorum. WS type III has dystopia canthorum and is distinguished by the presence of upper limb abnormalities. WS type IV (WS4; 277580), also known as Waardenburg-Shah syndrome, has the additional feature of Hirschsprung disease (reviews by Read and Newton, 1997 and Pingault et al., 2010). [from OMIM]

Available tests

43 tests are in the database for this condition.

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Clinical tests (43 available)

Molecular Genetics Tests

Genes See tests for all associated and related genes

  • Also known as: CDHS, HUP2, PAX-3, WS1, WS3, PAX3
    Summary: paired box 3

Clinical features

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Imported from Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO)

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