MV+LPS mice received 2 microliter/gm LPS (2.5 ng/microliter) in the oropharynx with a pipette, 30 minutes later they were anesthetized, intubated and ventilated at a tidal volume of 10 microliter/gm body wt, PEEP = 0 and FiO2 = 0.21 They were sacrificed 4 hrs later, whole lung removed, homogenized and total RNA isolated. Labeled cRNA was prepared and hybridized to an Affymetrix GeneChip 430A microarray using Affymetrix protocol. Microarray was scanned with the GeneChip Scanner and image analysis was performed with Affymetrix MAS 5.0 software. Background adjustment and quantile normalization of microarray data was performed using RMAExpress.