| promotes host-bacterial mutualism by regulating the spatial segregation between the microbiota and the intestinal epithelium | Resistin-like molecule β is a bactericidal protein that promotes spatial segregation of the microbiota and the colonic epithelium.
Propheter DC, Chara AL, Harris TA, Ruhn KA, Hooper LV., Free PMC Article | 06/23/2018 |
| The goblet cell-derived RELM-beta drives spontaneous colitis in Muc2-deficient mice by promoting commensal microbial dysbiosis. | The goblet cell-derived mediator RELM-β drives spontaneous colitis in Muc2-deficient mice by promoting commensal microbial dysbiosis.
Morampudi V, Dalwadi U, Bhinder G, Sham HP, Gill SK, Chan J, Bergstrom KS, Huang T, Ma C, Jacobson K, Gibson DL, Vallance BA. | 10/28/2017 |
| lack of RELMbeta leads to increased colonic expression of T helper cell type-2 cytokines and IL-17, associated with a reduced ability to maintain intestinal homeostasis | Pathological Type-2 Immune Response, Enhanced Tumor Growth, and Glucose Intolerance in Retnlβ (RELMβ) Null Mice: A Model of Intestinal Immune System Dysfunction in Disease Susceptibility.
Wernstedt Asterholm I, Kim-Muller JY, Rutkowski JM, Crewe C, Tao C, Scherer PE., Free PMC Article | 05/20/2017 |
| These data suggest the contribution of increases in RELMbeta in the gut and Kupffer cells to NASH development, raising the possibility of RELMbeta being a novel therapeutic target for NASH. | Involvement of resistin-like molecule β in the development of methionine-choline deficient diet-induced non-alcoholic steatohepatitis in mice.
Okubo H, Kushiyama A, Sakoda H, Nakatsu Y, Iizuka M, Taki N, Fujishiro M, Fukushima T, Kamata H, Nagamachi A, Inaba T, Nishimura F, Katagiri H, Asahara T, Yoshida Y, Chonan O, Encinas J, Asano T., Free PMC Article | 01/14/2017 |
| These data demonstrate that RELMalpha but not RELMbeta significantly impacts the immune response to N. brasiliensis infection by downregulating the Th2 adaptive immune response in the lung. | Comparison of RELMα and RELMβ Single- and Double-Gene-Deficient Mice Reveals that RELMα Expression Dictates Inflammation and Worm Expulsion in Hookworm Infection.
Chen G, Wang SH, Jang JC, Odegaard JI, Nair MG., Free PMC Article | 08/13/2016 |
| RELMbeta protein levels were upregulated in Angiotensin II-induced Abdominal aortic aneurysm mice.Immunohistochemical staining revealed abundant expression of RELMbeta in AAA group, with scarce expression with saline treatment animals. | Association of resistin-like molecule β levels and abdominal aortic aneurysm.
Meng X, Kong J, Zhang K, Yang J, Li J, Zhang Y. | 05/14/2016 |
| findings demonstrate that RELM-beta and goblet cells play an unexpected, yet critical role in recruiting CD4+ T cells to the colon to protect against an enteric pathogen | Goblet Cell Derived RELM-β Recruits CD4+ T Cells during Infectious Colitis to Promote Protective Intestinal Epithelial Cell Proliferation.
Bergstrom KS, Morampudi V, Chan JM, Bhinder G, Lau J, Yang H, Ma C, Huang T, Ryz N, Sham HP, Zarepour M, Zaph C, Artis D, Nair M, Vallance BA., Free PMC Article | 05/7/2016 |
| elevated RELM-beta expression in asthmatic airways contributes to airways remodelling at least partly by increasing fibroblast proliferation and differentiation with resulting deposition of extracellular matrix proteins. | Resistin-like molecule-β (RELM-β) targets airways fibroblasts to effect remodelling in asthma: from mouse to man.
Fang CL, Yin LJ, Sharma S, Kierstein S, Wu HF, Eid G, Haczku A, Corrigan CJ, Ying S., Free PMC Article | 01/16/2016 |
| RELMbeta is abundantly expressed in foam cells within plaques and contributes to atherosclerosis development via lipid accumulation and inflammatory facilitation. | Resistin-like molecule β is abundantly expressed in foam cells and is involved in atherosclerosis development.
Kushiyama A, Sakoda H, Oue N, Okubo M, Nakatsu Y, Ono H, Fukushima T, Kamata H, Nishimura F, Kikuchi T, Fujishiro M, Nishiyama K, Aburatani H, Kushiyama S, Iizuka M, Taki N, Encinas J, Sentani K, Ogonuki N, Ogura A, Kawazu S, Yasui W, Higashi Y, Kurihara H, Katagiri H, Asano T. | 09/28/2013 |
| a novel role for GC-C signaling in facilitating mucosal wounding and inflammation, and further suggest that this may be mediated, in part, through control of RELMbeta production | Murine guanylate cyclase C regulates colonic injury and inflammation.
Steinbrecher KA, Harmel-Laws E, Garin-Laflam MP, Mann EA, Bezerra LD, Hogan SP, Cohen MB., Free PMC Article | 10/8/2011 |
| FIZZ2 is a T helper type (Th)2-associated multifunctional mediator with potentially important roles in the pathogenesis of fibrotic lung diseases. | FIZZ2/RELM-β induction and role in pulmonary fibrosis.
Liu T, Baek HA, Yu H, Lee HJ, Park BH, Ullenbruch M, Liu J, Nakashima T, Choi YY, Wu GD, Chung MJ, Phan SH., Free PMC Article | 09/3/2011 |
| Intestinal epithelial cell secretion of RELM-beta protects against gastrointestinal worm infection. | Intestinal epithelial cell secretion of RELM-beta protects against gastrointestinal worm infection.
Herbert DR, Yang JQ, Hogan SP, Groschwitz K, Khodoun M, Munitz A, Orekov T, Perkins C, Wang Q, Brombacher F, Urban JF Jr, Rothenberg ME, Finkelman FD., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| The regulation of SGLT-1 and GLUT2 by RELM-beta expands the role of gut hormones in short-term AMPK/protein kinase C mediated control of energy balance | Resistin-like molecule-beta inhibits SGLT-1 activity and enhances GLUT2-dependent jejunal glucose transport.
Krimi RB, Letteron P, Chedid P, Nazaret C, Ducroc R, Marie JC., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Goblet cell-macrophage cross-talk, mediated in part by RELMbeta, can promote adaptive CD4-positive T cell responses and chronic inflammation following intestinal helminth infection. | Goblet cell-derived resistin-like molecule beta augments CD4+ T cell production of IFN-gamma and infection-induced intestinal inflammation.
Nair MG, Guild KJ, Du Y, Zaph C, Yancopoulos GD, Valenzuela DM, Murphy A, Stevens S, Karow M, Artis D., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| Insulin and TNFalpha as well as stearic acid, upregulated RELMbeta expression, while d-glucose downregulated RELMbeta | Regulation of gut-derived resistin-like molecule beta expression by nutrients.
Fujio J, Kushiyama A, Sakoda H, Fujishiro M, Ogihara T, Fukushima Y, Anai M, Horike N, Kamata H, Uchijima Y, Kurihara H, Asano T. | 01/21/2010 |
| RELMbeta is involved in the initiation of ileitis in SAMP1/Fc mice and may act through the induction of proinflammatory cytokines from resident immune cells within the mucosa. | Resistin-like molecule beta (RELMbeta/FIZZ2) is highly expressed in the ileum of SAMP1/YitFc mice and is associated with initiation of ileitis.
Barnes SL, Vidrich A, Wang ML, Wu GD, Cominelli F, Rivera-Nieves J, Bamias G, Cohn SM. | 01/21/2010 |
| RELM-beta is a Th2-associated cytokine with potent inflammatory and remodeling activity | Resistin-like molecule-beta is an allergen-induced cytokine with inflammatory and remodeling activity in the murine lung.
Mishra A, Wang M, Schlotman J, Nikolaidis NM, DeBrosse CW, Karow ML, Rothenberg ME. | 01/21/2010 |
| increased expression of RELMbeta may be involved in the pathogenesis of glucose intolerance and hyperlipidemia in some insulin-resistant models | Resistin-like molecule beta activates MAPKs, suppresses insulin signaling in hepatocytes, and induces diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and fatty liver in transgenic mice on a high fat diet.
Kushiyama A, Shojima N, Ogihara T, Inukai K, Sakoda H, Fujishiro M, Fukushima Y, Anai M, Ono H, Horike N, Viana AY, Uchijima Y, Nishiyama K, Shimosawa T, Fujita T, Katagiri H, Oka Y, Kurihara H, Asano T. | 01/21/2010 |
| Secretion of RELMbeta is dramatically reduced in germ-free mice. Furthermore, introduction of germ-free mice into a conventional environment results in enhanced expression and robust secretion of RELMbeta within 48 hours. | Bacterial colonization leads to the colonic secretion of RELMbeta/FIZZ2, a novel goblet cell-specific protein.
He W, Wang ML, Jiang HQ, Steppan CM, Shin ME, Thurnheer MC, Cebra JJ, Lazar MA, Wu GD. | 01/21/2010 |
| intestinal goblet cell-derived RELMbeta may be a novel Th2 cytokine-induced immune-effector molecule in resistance to Gastrointestinal nematode infection | RELMbeta/FIZZ2 is a goblet cell-specific immune-effector molecule in the gastrointestinal tract.
Artis D, Wang ML, Keilbaugh SA, He W, Brenes M, Swain GP, Knight PA, Donaldson DD, Lazar MA, Miller HR, Schad GA, Scott P, Wu GD., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |
| crystal structure reveals hexameric assemblies consisting of trimers linked to form hexamers through highly exposed disulfide bonds; structure suggests possible regulation through disulfide cleavage or by regulation during assembly | Disulfide-dependent multimeric assembly of resistin family hormones.
Patel SD, Rajala MW, Rossetti L, Scherer PE, Shapiro L. | 01/21/2010 |
| Serum concentrations of RELMbeta and RELMgamma may be a novel intestinal-tract-mediating regulator of insulin sensitivity, possibly involved in insulin resistance induced by obesity and a high-fat diet | Serum concentrations of resistin-like molecules beta and gamma are elevated in high-fat-fed and obese db/db mice, with increased production in the intestinal tract and bone marrow.
Shojima N, Ogihara T, Inukai K, Fujishiro M, Sakoda H, Kushiyama A, Katagiri H, Anai M, Ono H, Fukushima Y, Horike N, Viana AY, Uchijima Y, Kurihara H, Asano T. | 01/21/2010 |
| model whereby the loss of epithelial barrier function by dextran sodium sulfate results in the activation of the innate mucosal response by RELMbeta located in the lumen | Absence of bacterially induced RELMbeta reduces injury in the dextran sodium sulfate model of colitis.
McVay LD, Keilbaugh SA, Wong TM, Kierstein S, Shin ME, Lehrke M, Lefterova MI, Shifflett DE, Barnes SL, Cominelli F, Cohn SM, Hecht G, Lazar MA, Haczku A, Wu GD., Free PMC Article | 01/21/2010 |