SPRR2A small proline rich protein 2A [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: SPRR2Aprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: small proline rich protein 2Aprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:11261
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000241794 MIM:182267; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11261
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary: Enables lipid binding activity. Involved in antibacterial humoral response and defense response to Gram-positive bacterium. Located in cytoplasm. Is active in extracellular region and secretory granule. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Expression: Restricted expression toward esophagus (RPKM 1789.3) See more
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Genomic context

Location:: 1q21.3

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	1	NC_000001.11 (153056120..153057512, complement)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	1	NC_060925.1 (152192883..152194275, complement)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	1	NC_000001.10 (153028596..153029988, complement)

Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Serum Small Proline-Rich Protein 2A (SPRR2A) Is a Noninvasive Biomarker in Gastric Cancer.
Title: Serum Small Proline-Rich Protein 2A (SPRR2A) Is a Noninvasive Biomarker in Gastric Cancer.
Assessment of SPRR2A protein expression in a clinical cohort of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) confirmed common SPRR2A downregulation in primary tumors and lymph node metastases, but not in normal tissue. High expression of SPRR2A in lymph node metastases was, along with nonoropharyngeal location of the primary tumor, an independent prognostic factor for regional disease recurrence.
Title: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling of Patient-matched Head and Neck Cancer Cells: A Preclinical Pipeline for Metastatic and Recurrent Disease.
Expression of SPRR1 and of SPRR2A is increased in mucosal samples from patients with chronic rhinosinusitis and appeared as a downstream result of TNF alpha modulation, which possibly resulted in epithelial barrier dysfunction.
Title: RNA sequencing and pathway analysis identify tumor necrosis factor alpha driven small proline-rich protein dysregulation in chronic rhinosinusitis.
SPRR2a modulates ZEB-1 signaling by way of miR-200c/141-associated epithelial mesenchyme transition through SH3-domain networks and contributes to benign and malignant wound-healing responses.
Title: Small proline rich protein 2a in benign and malignant liver disease.
SPRR2A-associated tumor behavior was mimicked by MUC1 shRNA, which induced EMT and, like SPRR2A+ cells, showed reduced metastatic capabilities
Title: SPRR2A expression in cholangiocarcinoma increases local tumor invasiveness but prevents metastasis.
SPRR2A functions as a suppressor of p53-dependent transcriptional activity, which otherwise might impede cellular processes needed for epithelial wound repair responses.
Title: SPRR2A enhances p53 deacetylation through HDAC1 and down regulates p21 promoter activity.
Association of psoriasis to PGLYRP and SPRR genes at PSORS4 locus on 1q shows heterogeneity between Finnish, Swedish and Irish families.
Title: Association of psoriasis to PGLYRP and SPRR genes at PSORS4 locus on 1q shows heterogeneity between Finnish, Swedish and Irish families.
Small proline-rich proteins (SPRR2A) function as SH3 domain ligands, increase resistance to injury and are associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cholangiocytes.
Title: Small proline-rich proteins (SPRR) function as SH3 domain ligands, increase resistance to injury and are associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cholangiocytes.

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Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

RH17673 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:6678

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:483919

RH17675 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:6508

RH71351 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:24460

RH18104 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:12025

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables lipid binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in antibacterial humoral response	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in host-mediated regulation of intestinal microbiota composition	ISS Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cornified envelope	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in extracellular region	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in secretory granule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in transport vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: small proline-rich protein 2A

Names: 2-1; SPR-2A

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.