Kr Kruppel [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Krprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: Kruppelprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0001325
Locus tag: Dmel_CG3340
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0001325
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG3340; Dm-Kr; Dmel\CG3340; If; kr; KR; Kru
Summary: Enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including Malpighian tubule bud morphogenesis; generation of neurons; and negative regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process. Located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including anlage in statu nascendi; anterior-posterior subdivision of organism; embryonic/larval hypodermal muscle cell; posterior ectoderm derivative; and somatic precursor cell. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 60F5-60F5; 2-107 cM

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2R	NT_033778.4 (25226611..25231394)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2R	NT_033778.3 (21114134..21118917)

Chromosome 2R - NT_033778.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Multifaceted effects on even-skipped transcriptional dynamics upon Kruppel dosage changes.
Title: Multifaceted effects on even-skipped transcriptional dynamics upon Krüppel dosage changes.
In this study, ChIP/chip datasets are analyzed using the corresponding PWMs for the well-studied TFs; CAUDAL, HUNCHBACK, KNIRPS and KRUPPEL, to determine the distribution of predicted binding sites. All four TFs are critical regulators of gene expression along the anterio-posterior axis in early Drosophila development
Title: Spatial distribution of predicted transcription factor binding sites in Drosophila ChIP peaks.
Surprisingly, the early temporal gene Kruppel acts as one of the sub-temporal genes within the late castor window.
Title: Neuronal cell fate diversification controlled by sub-temporal action of Kruppel.
Kr regulation can limit the positional variability of the Hb mid-embryo border.
Title: Mid-embryo patterning and precision in Drosophila segmentation: Krüppel dual regulation of hunchback.
Kruppel induction is specific to the loss of Shal, a potassium channel mutant.
Title: Krüppel mediates the selective rebalancing of ion channel expression.
Kruppel tethers the SAP18 bound histone deacetylase complex 1 at distinct enhancer elements, which causes repression via histone H3 deacetylation
Title: SAP18 promotes Krüppel-dependent transcriptional repression by enhancer-specific histone deacetylation.
Kr-h1 mediates some of the JH signaling in the adult abdominal epidermis and is upstream of broad protein in this pathway
Title: Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) mediates juvenile hormone action during metamorphosis of Drosophila melanogaster.
The segmentation function of Kruppel in Tribolium is fundamentally different from its role in the long-germ embryo of Drosophila.
Title: Breakdown of abdominal patterning in the Tribolium Kruppel mutant jaws.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Dm0067 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:55773

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Malpighian tubule bud morphogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in axon guidance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in compound eye development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heterochromatin formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in muscle organ development	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast fate determination	IEP Inferred from Expression Pattern more info	PubMed
involved_in neuroblast fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of development, heterochronic	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of hemocyte proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neural precursor cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neurogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in trunk segmentation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in zygotic determination of anterior/posterior axis, embryo	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: kruppel

Names: CG3340-PA; CG3340-PB; Kr-PA; Kr-PB; irregular facets; krpple; krueppel; kuppel; lruppel

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_033778.4 Reference assembly

Range

25226611..25231394

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001274252.1 → NP_001261181.1 kruppel, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261181.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P07247, Q8SYW3, Q9W0V9

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B5RIE4

Conserved Domains (2) summary

sd00017
Location:224 → 244

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam13465
Location:237 → 261

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain
NM_079143.3 → NP_523867.1 kruppel, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_523867.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P07247, Q8SYW3, Q9W0V9

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B5RIE4

Related

FBpp0072351

Conserved Domains (2) summary

sd00017
Location:224 → 244

ZF_C2H2; C2H2 Zn finger [structural motif]

pfam13465
Location:237 → 261

zf-H2C2_2; Zinc-finger double domain