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    SLC39A9 solute carrier family 39 member 9 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 55334, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    SLC39A9provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    solute carrier family 39 member 9provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:20182
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000029364 MIM:619116; AllianceGenome:HGNC:20182
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    ZIP9; ZIP-9
    Summary
    Enables G protein-coupled receptor activity; androgen binding activity; and zinc efflux transmembrane transporter activity. Involved in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis; regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation; and zinc ion transmembrane transport. Located in several cellular components, including mitochondrial membrane; perinuclear region of cytoplasm; and trans-Golgi network. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in thyroid (RPKM 15.0), kidney (RPKM 14.8) and 25 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See SLC39A9 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    14q24.1
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (69398384..69462390)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (63611539..63675542)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (69865101..69929107)

    Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene polypeptide N-acetylgalactosaminyltransferase 16 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105370549 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:69800956-69801456 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:69801457-69801957 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:69815418-69815918 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8634 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8635 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8636 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:69864016-69864524 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:69864525-69865032 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr14:69865025-69865265 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:69865234-69866433 Neighboring gene ERH mRNA splicing and mitosis factor Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5881 Neighboring gene pleckstrin homology and coiled-coil domain containing D1 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_36437 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:70014029-70014585 Neighboring gene RPL24 pseudogene 3

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Stromal upregulation of lateral epithelial adhesions: gene expression analysis of signalling pathways in prostate epithelium. Chambers KF, et al. J Biomed Sci, 2011 Jun 22. PMID 21696611, Free PMC Article
    2. ZIP9 Is a Druggable Determinant of Sex Differences in Melanoma. Aguirre-Portolés C, et al. Cancer Res, 2021 Dec 1. PMID 34706862, Free PMC Article
    3. Identification and characterization of membrane androgen receptors in the ZIP9 zinc transporter subfamily: II. Role of human ZIP9 in testosterone-induced prostate and breast cancer cell apoptosis. Thomas P, et al. Endocrinology, 2014 Nov. PMID 25014355, Free PMC Article
    4. Testosterone/bicalutamide antagonism at the predicted extracellular androgen binding site of ZIP9. Bulldan A, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2017 Dec. PMID 28943399
    5. ZIP9 but not the androgen receptor mediates testosterone-induced migratory activity of metastatic prostate cancer cells. Bulldan A, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res, 2018 Dec. PMID 30262433

    See all (33) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen identifies SLC39A9 and PIK3C3 as crucial entry factors for Ebola virus infection.
      Title: Genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screen identifies SLC39A9 and PIK3C3 as crucial entry factors for Ebola virus infection.
    2. Androgens promote vascular endothelial cell proliferation through activation of a ZIP9-dependent inhibitory G protein/PI3K-Akt/Erk/cyclin D1 pathway.
      Title: Androgens promote vascular endothelial cell proliferation through activation of a ZIP9-dependent inhibitory G protein/PI3K-Akt/Erk/cyclin D1 pathway.
    3. ZIP9 Is a Druggable Determinant of Sex Differences in Melanoma.
      Title: ZIP9 Is a Druggable Determinant of Sex Differences in Melanoma.
    4. these data illustrate epigenetic regulation of ZIP9 and its critical role in promoting radiation-induced skin fibrosis
      Title: Genome-Wide Analysis Reveals Zinc Transporter ZIP9 Regulated by DNA Methylation Promotes Radiation-Induced Skin Fibrosis via the TGF-β Signaling Pathway.
    5. Study found that the androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) might function via a novel membrane androgen receptor (mAR-SLC39A9) to increase nuclear androgen receptor (nAR)-negative bladder cancer (BCa) cell migration and invasion. DHT/mAR-SLC39A9 might function by altering Galphai protein-mediated MAPK/MMP9 intracellular signaling to increase nAR-negative BCa cell migration and invasion.
      Title: Androgen dihydrotestosterone (DHT) promotes the bladder cancer nuclear AR-negative cell invasion via a newly identified membrane androgen receptor (mAR-SLC39A9)-mediated Gαi protein/MAPK/MMP9 intracellular signaling.
    6. The G protein-coupled receptor family C group 6 member A (GPRC6A) and zinc transporter member 9 (ZIP9) have also been portrayed as mARs, related to the extranuclear action of androgens.
      Title: Membrane androgen receptors (OXER1, GPRC6A AND ZIP9) in prostate and breast cancer: A comparative study of their expression.
    7. Study provides evidence that mediates testosterone-induced migratory activity of metastatic prostate cancer cells.
      Title: ZIP9 but not the androgen receptor mediates testosterone-induced migratory activity of metastatic prostate cancer cells.
    8. The study connects structural features of ZIP9 to its functions and indicates a possible relevance of ZIP9 as a pharmacological target
      Title: Testosterone/bicalutamide antagonism at the predicted extracellular androgen binding site of ZIP9.
    9. ZIP9 role glioblastoma cells migration.ZIP9 expression affects phosphorylation states of p53 and GSK-3beta.
      Title: Expression of the zinc importer protein ZIP9/SLC39A9 in glioblastoma cells affects phosphorylation states of p53 and GSK-3β and causes increased cell migration.
    10. The results show ZIP9 is a specific Gi coupled-mAR mediating testosterone-induced MAP kinase and zinc signaling in PC3-ZIP9 cells.
      Title: Membrane androgen receptor characteristics of human ZIP9 (SLC39A) zinc transporter in prostate cancer cells: Androgen-specific activation and involvement of an inhibitory G protein in zinc and MAP kinase signaling.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • FLJ11274, MGC74989

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables androgen binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc efflux transmembrane transporter activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion transmembrane transporter activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables zinc ion transmembrane transporter activity IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in bicellular tight junction assembly ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in intracellular zinc ion homeostasis IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of cellular response to testosterone stimulus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in zinc ion transmembrane transport IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in mitochondrial membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in mitochondrion IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in trans-Golgi network IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    zinc transporter ZIP9
    Names
    ZRT/IRT-like protein 9
    solute carrier family 39 (zinc transporter), member 9
    zinc transporter 9
    zinc transporter SLC39A9
    zrt- and Irt-like protein 9

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001252148.2 → NP_001239077.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001239077.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an exon in the coding region but maintains the reading frame, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) is shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL137760, AY358687, AY780789, BX643103, DA112731
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58328.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9NUM3
      Related
      ENSP00000451833.1, ENST00000557046.1
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00437
      Location:9 → 278
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    2. NM_001252150.2 → NP_001239079.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001239079.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate splice site in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) is shorter and has a distinct C-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA884056, AK222547, BC047682, BP269907
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS58327.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q9NUM3
      Related
      ENSP00000452385.1, ENST00000556605.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00437
      Location:9 → 220
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    3. NM_001252151.2 → NP_001239080.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001239080.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR and uses a downstream, in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. Variants 4 and 5 both encode isoform (4), which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK293222, AL137760, AY358687, BP299863
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DDK0
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00437
      Location:13 → 183
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    4. NM_001252152.2 → NP_001239081.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform 4

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001239081.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) differs in the 5' UTR, includes an alternate internal exon and uses a downstream, in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. Variants 4 and 5 both encode isoform (4), which has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK316381, AL137760, AY358687, BP299863
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DDK0
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00437
      Location:13 → 183
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    5. NM_001330185.2 → NP_001317114.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform 5

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks an exon in the coding region but maintains the reading frame, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (5) is shorter than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AL137760, AL157996
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS81816.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      M0QX28
      Related
      ENSP00000468864.1, ENST00000031146.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00437
      Location:68 → 235
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    6. NM_018375.5 → NP_060845.2  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_060845.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AL137760, AY358687, DA112731
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS9795.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      G3V5J8, Q53HN3, Q5MJQ0, Q6P2Q1, Q86WY2, Q9NUM3
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      C4N9M8
      Related
      ENSP00000336887.5, ENST00000336643.10
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam02535
      Location:9 → 301
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      69398384..69462390
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_024449648.2 → XP_024305416.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DDK0
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cl00437
      Location:13 → 183
      Zip; ZIP Zinc transporter

    2. XM_047431550.1 → XP_047287506.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X2

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      63611539..63675542
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054376327.1 → XP_054232302.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DDK0

    2. XM_054376328.1 → XP_054232303.1  zinc transporter ZIP9 isoform X2

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q9NUM3.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9NUM3

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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