spi spitz [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: spiprovided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: spitzprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0005672
Locus tag: Dmel_CG10334
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0005672
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: anon-WO0118547.158; CG10334; CT29014; Dmel\CG10334; EP(2)2378; l(2)01068; l(2)37Fa; l(2)s3547; s-spi; s.spi; Spi; Spitz; sSpi
Summary: Enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding activity; receptor ligand activity; and transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity. Involved in several processes, including behavioral response to ethanol; embryonic morphogenesis; and nervous system development. Located in endoplasmic reticulum; extracellular space; and membrane. Is expressed in several structures, including brain; gut section; head epidermis primordium; mushroom body; and sensory nervous system primordium. Used to study alcohol use disorder and intestinal cancer. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 37F2-37F2; 2-54 cM

Exon count:: 5

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	2L	NT_033779.5 (19567900..19577315, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	2L	NT_033779.4 (19567900..19577315, complement)

Chromosome 2L - NT_033779.5 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

We provide evidence that miR-8-positive glia express Spitz, a transforming growth factor alpha-like ligand that triggers epidermal growth factor receptor activation to promote neuroepithelial proliferation and neuroblast formation.
Title: Conserved miR-8/miR-200 defines a glial niche that controls neuroepithelial expansion and neuroblast transition.
Study describes crystal structures of s-dEGFR bound to its growth factor ligand Spitz, showing how occupying one binding site in a receptor dimer impairs ligand binding to the second site in an asymmetric complex.
Title: Structural basis for negative cooperativity in growth factor binding to an EGF receptor.
Export of Spitz-GFP from the endoplasmic reticulum, as well as the trafficking of Spitz-GFP vesicles, depends on both Star and dynein.
Title: Dynein and Star interact in EGFR signaling and ligand trafficking.
1.6-A resolution crystal structure of Argos bound to Spitz
Title: Structural basis for EGFR ligand sequestration by Argos.
Germ cells signal somatic support cells via the Egf class ligand Spitz.
Title: Antagonistic roles of Rac and Rho in organizing the germ cell microenvironment.
Spitz from the retina regulates genes transcribed in the second mitotic wave, peripodial epithelium, glia and plasmatocytes of the eye imaginal disc.
Title: Spitz from the retina regulates genes transcribed in the second mitotic wave, peripodial epithelium, glia and plasmatocytes of the Drosophila eye imaginal disc.
Expression in mammalian cell cultures reveals interdependent, but distinct, functions for Star and Rhomboid proteins in the processing of the Drosophila transforming-growth-factor-alpha homologue Spitz.
Title: Expression in mammalian cell cultures reveals interdependent, but distinct, functions for Star and Rhomboid proteins in the processing of the Drosophila transforming-growth-factor-alpha homologue Spitz.
Sl PLC gamma is required for endoplasmic reticulum retention of cleaved spi during eye development.
Title: Small wing PLCgamma is required for ER retention of cleaved Spitz during eye development in Drosophila.
Argos mutants are deficient in their ability to bind Spitz in vitro
Title: Argos mutants define an affinity threshold for spitz inhibition in vivo.
role for palmitoylation in restricting Spitz diffusion, allowing its local concentration to reach the threshold required for biological function
Title: Palmitoylation of the EGFR ligand Spitz by Rasp increases Spitz activity by restricting its diffusion.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (13)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Dm0293 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:32433

Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables epidermal growth factor receptor binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables receptor ligand activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables receptor ligand activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in behavioral response to ethanol	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in border follicle cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in determination of genital disc primordium	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal closure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ectodermal cell fate determination	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in epithelial cell proliferation involved in Malpighian tubule morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heart process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in imaginal disc-derived wing morphogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of gene expression	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in oenocyte development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in oenocyte development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in olfactory learning	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in ommatidial rotation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in peripheral nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in photoreceptor cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in photoreceptor cell fate determination	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of border follicle cell migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of neurogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in spiracle morphogenesis, open tracheal system	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in stem cell fate commitment	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in stomatogastric nervous system development	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in endoplasmic reticulum	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular space	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed