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    Azin1 antizyme inhibitor 1 [ Rattus norvegicus (Norway rat) ]

    Gene ID: 58961, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Azin1provided by RGD
    Official Full Name
    antizyme inhibitor 1provided by RGD
    Primary source
    RGD:61934
    See related
    EnsemblRapid:ENSRNOG00000005333 AllianceGenome:RGD:61934
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Rattus norvegicus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Rattus
    Also known as
    Oazi; Oazin
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the antizyme inhibitor family, which plays a role in cell growth and proliferation by maintaining polyamine homeostasis within the cell. Antizyme inhibitors are homologs of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC, the key enzyme in polyamine biosynthesis) that have lost the ability to decarboxylase ornithine; however, retain the ability to bind to antizymes. Antizymes negatively regulate intracellular polyamine levels by binding to ODC and targeting it for degradation, as well as by inhibiting polyamine uptake. Antizyme inhibitors function as positive regulators of polyamine levels by sequestering antizymes and neutralizing their effect. This gene encodes antizyme inhibitor 1, the first member of this gene family that is ubiquitously expressed, and is localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm. Overexpression of antizyme inhibitor 1 gene has been associated with increased proliferation, cellular transformation and tumorigenesis. Gene knockout studies showed that homozygous mutant mice lacking functional antizyme inhibitor 1 gene died at birth with abnormal liver morphology. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2014]
    Expression
    Biased expression in Heart (RPKM 279.2), Lung (RPKM 261.4) and 9 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See Azin1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    7q22
    Exon count:
    13
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCr8 (GCF_036323735.1) 7 NC_086025.1 (71539711..71566515, complement)
    RS_2023_06 previous assembly mRatBN7.2 (GCF_015227675.2) 7 NC_051342.1 (69654773..69681578, complement)
    106 previous assembly Rnor_6.0 (GCF_000001895.5) 7 NC_005106.4 (77345646..77372398, complement)

    Chromosome 7 - NC_086025.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120093639 Neighboring gene ring finger protein 149, pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120093640 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC120093641

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: A rat RNA-Seq transcriptomic BodyMap across 11 organs and 4 developmental stages
    • Description: 320 RNA samples isolated from 11 organs (adrenal gland, brain, heart, kidney, liver, lung, muscle, spleen, thymus, and testes or uterus) from both sexes of Fischer 344 rats across four developmental stages (2-, 6-, 21-, and 104-weeks-old)
    • BioProject: PRJNA238328
    • Publication: PMID 24510058
    • Analysis date: Mon Jun 6 17:44:12 2016

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. AZIN1 RNA editing confers cancer stemness and enhances oncogenic potential in colorectal cancer. Shigeyasu K, et al. JCI Insight, 2018 Jun 21. PMID 29925690, Free PMC Article
    2. Purification and characterization of antizyme inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase from rat liver. Kitani T, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1989 Apr 25. PMID 2713421
    3. Cloning of antizyme inhibitor, a highly homologous protein to ornithine decarboxylase. Murakami Y, et al. J Biol Chem, 1996 Feb 16. PMID 8631929
    4. Regulation of cell proliferation by the antizyme inhibitor: evidence for an antizyme-independent mechanism. Kim SW, et al. J Cell Sci, 2006 Jun 15. PMID 16735445
    5. Antizyme, a mediator of ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation and its inhibitor localize to centrosomes and modulate centriole amplification. Mangold U, et al. Oncogene, 2008 Jan 24. PMID 17667942

    See all (22) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Identification of AZIN1, and hence by inference, polyamines as novel regulators of the expression of the Arginine vasopressin gene.
      Title: Control of Polyamine Biosynthesis by Antizyme Inhibitor 1 Is Important for Transcriptional Regulation of Arginine Vasopressin in the Male Rat Hypothalamus.
    2. findings suggested that antizyme inhibitor (AIn) contributed to a rapid increase in ODC at the G1 phase and also played a role in facilitating cells to complete mitosis during the cell cycle
      Title: The change of antizyme inhibitor expression and its possible role during mammalian cell cycle.
    3. Wild-type antizyme inhibitor and the AZI(DeltaY) mutant are capable of direct interaction with cyclin D1 suggesting a potential mechanism for the antizyme-independent effects, and a novel function for antizyme inhibitor in cellular growth control.
      Title: Regulation of cell proliferation by the antizyme inhibitor: evidence for an antizyme-independent mechanism.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by RGD

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables catalytic activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase activator activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    enables ornithine decarboxylase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in estrous cycle IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of protein catabolic process ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  
    involved_in polyamine biosynthetic process IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of centrosome duplication IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in positive regulation of polyamine transmembrane transport ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in putrescine biosynthetic process from ornithine IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in centrosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    antizyme inhibitor 1
    Names
    AZI
    ornithine decarboxylase antizyme inhibitor

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001301702.1 → NP_001288631.1  antizyme inhibitor 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288631.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an internal 5' non-coding exon, thus has a shorter 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000007
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q63764
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06831
      Location:26 → 419
      PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
      COG0019
      Location:40 → 405
      LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

    2. NM_022585.2 → NP_072107.2  antizyme inhibitor 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_072107.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      JAXUCZ010000007
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q63764
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
      Related
      ENSRNOP00000007999.3, ENSRNOT00000007999.7
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06831
      Location:26 → 419
      PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
      COG0019
      Location:40 → 405
      LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_036323735.1-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCr8

    Genomic

    1. NC_086025.1 Reference GRCr8

      Range
      71539711..71566515 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006241569.3 → XP_006241631.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q63764
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0G2JW87
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06831
      Location:26 → 418
      PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
      COG0019
      Location:40 → 404
      LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

    2. XM_063264178.1 → XP_063120248.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X2

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q63764
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A0G2JW87

    3. XM_006241568.4 → XP_006241630.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006241630.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q63764
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06831
      Location:26 → 419
      PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
      COG0019
      Location:40 → 405
      LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]

    4. XM_017595068.2 → XP_017450557.1  antizyme inhibitor 1 isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q63764
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      F7FJZ4, Q6P7R3
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      cd06831
      Location:26 → 419
      PLPDE_III_ODC_like_AZI; Type III Pyridoxal 5-phosphate (PLP)-Dependent Enzyme Ornithine Decarboxylase-like Antizyme Inhibitor
      COG0019
      Location:40 → 405
      LysA; Diaminopimelate decarboxylase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q63764.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q63764

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