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    CD55 CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group) [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 1604, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    CD55provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    CD55 molecule (Cromer blood group)provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:2665
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000196352 MIM:125240; AllianceGenome:HGNC:2665
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    CR; TC; DAF; CROM; CHAPLE
    Summary
    This gene encodes a glycoprotein involved in the regulation of the complement cascade. Binding of the encoded protein to complement proteins accelerates their decay, thereby disrupting the cascade and preventing damage to host cells. Antigens present on this protein constitute the Cromer blood group system (CROM). Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. The predominant transcript variant encodes a membrane-bound protein, but alternatively spliced transcripts may produce soluble proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]
    Expression
    Broad expression in lung (RPKM 90.6), adrenal (RPKM 63.8) and 23 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See CD55 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    1q32.2
    Exon count:
    15
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 1 NC_000001.11 (207321678..207360966)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 1 NC_060925.1 (206586974..206626269)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 1 NC_000001.10 (207495023..207534311)

    Chromosome 1 - NC_000001.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985251 Neighboring gene C4BPA pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2942 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:207489929-207490758 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2440 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 1770 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2441 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2442 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2443 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2444 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2445 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr1:207519691-207520191 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904498 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372880 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 2446

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Decay-accelerating factor must bind both components of the complement alternative pathway C3 convertase to mediate efficient decay. Harris CL, et al. J Immunol, 2007 Jan 1. PMID 17182573
    2. Interaction with decay-accelerating factor facilitates coxsackievirus B infection of polarized epithelial cells. Shieh JT, et al. J Virol, 2002 Sep. PMID 12186929, Free PMC Article
    3. Resonance assignments of the central complement control protein module pair of human decay accelerating factor. Uhrínová S, et al. J Biomol NMR, 2002 Jun. PMID 12153048
    4. Structure of decay-accelerating factor bound to echovirus 7: a virus-receptor complex. He Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2002 Aug 6. PMID 12119400, Free PMC Article
    5. Hantavirus causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome enters from the apical surface and requires decay-accelerating factor (DAF/CD55). Krautkrämer E, et al. J Virol, 2008 May. PMID 18305044, Free PMC Article

    See all (267) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. SARS-CoV-2 hijacks host CD55, CD59 and factor H to impair antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis.
      Title: SARS-CoV-2 hijacks host CD55, CD59 and factor H to impair antibody-dependent complement-mediated lysis.
    2. Association of gene polymorphisms of CD55 with susceptibility to and severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus 71 in the Han Chinese population.
      Title: Association of gene polymorphisms of CD55 with susceptibility to and severity of hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus 71 in the Han Chinese population.
    3. Cell surface CD55 traffics to the nucleus leading to cisplatin resistance and stemness by inducing PRC2 and H3K27 trimethylation on chromatin in ovarian cancer.
      Title: Cell surface CD55 traffics to the nucleus leading to cisplatin resistance and stemness by inducing PRC2 and H3K27 trimethylation on chromatin in ovarian cancer.
    4. CD55 in cancer: Complementing functions in a non-canonical manner.
      Title: CD55 in cancer: Complementing functions in a non-canonical manner.
    5. Polycythemia as an Uncommon Finding in 2 Children, One With Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome and the Other With Protein-losing Enteropathy Caused by CD55 Deficiency.
      Title: Polycythemia as an Uncommon Finding in 2 Children, One With Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome and the Other With Protein-losing Enteropathy Caused by CD55 Deficiency.
    6. miR-132-3p regulates antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells by directly targeting CD55.
      Title: miR-132-3p regulates antibody-mediated complement-dependent cytotoxicity in colon cancer cells by directly targeting CD55.
    7. The genetic and epigenetic regulation of CD55 and its pathway analysis in colon cancer.
      Title: The genetic and epigenetic regulation of CD55 and its pathway analysis in colon cancer.
    8. Novel CD55 Mutation Associated With Severe Small Bowel Ulceration Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Pair of Siblings.
      Title: Novel CD55 Mutation Associated With Severe Small Bowel Ulceration Mimicking Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Pair of Siblings.
    9. The active form of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin induces decay-accelerating factor CD55 in association with intestinal metaplasia in the human gastric mucosa.
      Title: The active form of Helicobacter pylori vacuolating cytotoxin induces decay-accelerating factor CD55 in association with intestinal metaplasia in the human gastric mucosa.
    10. CD55 is upregulated by cAMP/PKA/AKT and modulates human decidualization via Src and ERK pathway and decidualization-related genes.
      Title: CD55 is upregulated by cAMP/PKA/AKT and modulates human decidualization via Src and ERK pathway and decidualization-related genes.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (160)

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Cromer blood group system
    MedGen: C1292305 OMIM: 613793 GeneReviews: Not available
    		Compare labs
    Protein-losing enteropathy
    MedGen: C0033680 OMIM: 226300 GeneReviews: Not available
    		Compare labs

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Replication interactions

    Interaction Pubs
    HIV-1 infection (VSV-G pseudotyped) of CEMT4 T cells downregulates plasma membrane expression of CD55 PubMed

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The complement regulatory proteins CD55 (DAF) and CD59 (HRF20) exist on HIV-1 virions, along with HIV-1 gp120 molecules, suggesting an interaction between these proteins and gp120 PubMed
    env Inhibition of DAF or use of factor H depleted sera significantly increases C3 deposition on recombinant HIV-1 gp120 coated CD4 cells PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 Gag co-localizes with the lipid raft marker CD55 or the tetraspanin CD81 in HeLa P4-R5 cells PubMed
    Pr55(Gag) gag HIV-1 Gag co-localizes with the lipid raft marker CD55 or the tetraspanin CD81 in HeLa P4-R5 cells PubMed
    gag HIV-1 Gag recruits and traps CD9 to Gag assembly sites at the plasma membrane, which is dependent upon Gag polymerization and the presence of cholesterol PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables lipid binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables virus receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in complement activation, classical pathway IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in innate immune response IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in negative regulation of complement activation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of complement activation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell activation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of T cell cytokine production IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of complement activation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of complement-dependent cytotoxicity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in respiratory burst NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in symbiont entry into host cell IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in Golgi membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in cell surface IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in ficolin-1-rich granule membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in membrane raft IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in secretory granule membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  
    located_in side of membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    located_in transport vesicle TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    complement decay-accelerating factor
    Names
    CD55 antigen
    CD55 molecule, decay accelerating factor for complement (Cromer blood group)
    Cromer blood group antigen
    Rh blood group D antigen

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_007465.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..44495
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_127

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_000574.5 → NP_000565.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 1 preproprotein

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000565.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes isoform 1 (also known as gDAF), which is membrane-associated.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW316643, BC001288, DC386415, M31516
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS31006.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      B1AP14, D3DT83, D3DT84, E7ER69, P08174, P09679, P78361, Q14UF2, Q14UF3, Q14UF4, Q14UF5, Q14UF6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A172WBW8
      Related
      ENSP00000356031.4, ENST00000367064.9
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      smart00032
      Location:36 → 94
      CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
      cl27761
      Location:98 → 280
      CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system

    2. NM_001114752.3 → NP_001108224.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001108224.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2, also known as sDAF or soluble DAF) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AW316643, DC386415, M30142
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS44307.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8Q3SI94
      Related
      ENSP00000316333.8, ENST00000314754.12
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00033
      Location:225 → 284
      CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
      smart00032
      Location:36 → 94
      CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
      pfam00084
      Location:98 → 158
      Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
      pfam13900
      Location:365 → 400
      GVQW; Putative domain of unknown function

    3. NM_001300902.2 → NP_001287831.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 5 precursor

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (5) contains an alternate 3' coding region and 3' UTR, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (5) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF052110
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS73022.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8Q3SI51, B1AP13
      Related
      ENSP00000356030.2, ENST00000367063.6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00033
      Location:225 → 284
      CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
      smart00032
      Location:36 → 94
      CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
      pfam00084
      Location:98 → 158
      Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
      pfam13900
      Location:365 → 412
      GVQW; Putative domain of unknown function

    4. NM_001300903.2 → NP_001287832.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 6 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001287832.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (6) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (6, also known as vDAF1) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1. This isoform is likely soluble (PMID:16503113).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB240566, AL391597, AW316643, DC386415, M30142
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS86046.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8Q3SI94
      Related
      ENSP00000496251.1, ENST00000645323.1
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd00033
      Location:225 → 284
      CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
      smart00032
      Location:36 → 94
      CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
      pfam00084
      Location:98 → 158
      Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)
      pfam13900
      Location:378 → 403
      GVQW; Putative domain of unknown function

    5. NM_001300904.2 → NP_001287833.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform 7 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001287833.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (7) contains an alternate exon in the 3' coding region, which results in a frameshift, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (7, also known as vDAF3) has a distinct C-terminus and is longer than isoform 1. This isoform is likely soluble (PMID:16503113).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB240568, AW316643, DC386415, M30142
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS86047.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A8Q3SI94
      Related
      ENSP00000495518.1, ENST00000644836.1
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd00033
      Location:225 → 284
      CCP; Complement control protein (CCP) modules (aka short consensus repeats SCRs or SUSHI repeats) have been identified in several proteins of the complement system
      smart00032
      Location:36 → 94
      CCP; Domain abundant in complement control proteins; SUSHI repeat; short complement-like repeat (SCR)
      pfam00084
      Location:98 → 158
      Sushi; Sushi repeat (SCR repeat)

    RNA

    1. NR_125349.2 RNA Sequence

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (8) contains an alternate internal exon, compared to variant 1. This variant is represented as non-coding because the use of the 5'-most expected translational start codon, as used in variant 1, renders the transcript a candidate for nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD).
      Source sequence(s)
      AB240567, AW316643, DC386415, M30142

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000001.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      207321678..207360966
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    RNA

    1. XR_007095644.1 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060925.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      206586974..206626269
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054334709.1 → XP_054190684.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform X1

    2. XM_054334710.1 → XP_054190685.1  complement decay-accelerating factor isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DUF2

    RNA

    1. XR_008485937.1 RNA Sequence

    2. XR_008485938.1 RNA Sequence

    Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

    The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

    1. NM_001114543.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_001114543.1: This RefSeq was temporarily suppressed because currently there is not sufficient data to support this transcript.

    2. NM_001114544.1: Suppressed sequence

      Description
      NM_001114544.1: This RefSeq was temporarily suppressed because currently there is not sufficient data to support this transcript.
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P08174.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P08174

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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