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    Tsku tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 244152, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Tskuprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycanprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:2443855
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000049580 AllianceGenome:MGI:2443855
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Tsk; E2ig4; Lrrc54; 9530051K01Rik
    Summary
    Enables transforming growth factor beta binding activity. Involved in several processes, including cholesterol efflux; cholesterol homeostasis; and neuron projection development. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including ciliary body morphogenesis; negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway; and telencephalon development. Located in extracellular space. Is expressed in several structures, including olfactory epithelium and skin. Orthologous to human TSKU (tsukushi, small leucine rich proteoglycan). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Nov 2024]
    Expression
    Broad expression in bladder adult (RPKM 55.7), duodenum adult (RPKM 40.7) and 19 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Tsku in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    7 E1; 7 53.66 cM
    Exon count:
    6
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 7 NC_000073.7 (97999875..98010602, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 7 NC_000073.6 (98350668..98361390, complement)

    Chromosome 7 - NC_000073.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene UDP-GlcNAc:betaGal beta-1,3-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase 6 Neighboring gene alkaline ceramidase 3 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_19625 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_19626 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr7:105457877-105458178 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_19627 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_19628 Neighboring gene predicted gene 44507 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 39053

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The hepatokine TSK maintains myofiber integrity and exercise endurance and contributes to muscle regeneration. Wang Q, et al. JCI Insight, 2022 Feb 22. PMID 35025761, Free PMC Article
    2. Tsukushi proteoglycan maintains RNA splicing and developmental signaling network in GFAP-expressing subventricular zone neural stem/progenitor cells. Istiaq A, et al. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2022. PMID 36478736, Free PMC Article
    3. Tsukushi is involved in the wound healing by regulating the expression of cytokines and growth factors. Niimori D, et al. J Cell Commun Signal, 2014 Sep. PMID 25159578, Free PMC Article
    4. Mapping the molecular signatures of diet-induced NASH and its regulation by the hepatokine Tsukushi. Xiong X, et al. Mol Metab, 2019 Feb. PMID 30595550, Free PMC Article
    5. The hepatokine Tsukushi gates energy expenditure via brown fat sympathetic innervation. Wang Q, et al. Nat Metab, 2019 Feb. PMID 31535079, Free PMC Article

    See all (33) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. The hepatokine TSK maintains myofiber integrity and exercise endurance and contributes to muscle regeneration.
      Title: The hepatokine TSK maintains myofiber integrity and exercise endurance and contributes to muscle regeneration.
    2. Deletion of the Feeding-Induced Hepatokine TSK Ameliorates the Melanocortin Obesity Syndrome.
      Title: Deletion of the Feeding-Induced Hepatokine TSK Ameliorates the Melanocortin Obesity Syndrome.
    3. Dysfunction of the proteoglycan Tsukushi causes hydrocephalus through altered neurogenesis in the subventricular zone in mice.
      Title: Dysfunction of the proteoglycan Tsukushi causes hydrocephalus through altered neurogenesis in the subventricular zone in mice.
    4. Tsukushi is essential for the development of the inner ear.
      Title: Tsukushi is essential for the development of the inner ear.
    5. Tsukushi is essential for proper maintenance and terminal differentiation of mouse hippocampal neural stem cells.
      Title: Tsukushi is essential for proper maintenance and terminal differentiation of mouse hippocampal neural stem cells.
    6. The hepatokine Tsukushi is released in response to NAFLD and impacts cholesterol homeostasis.
      Title: The hepatokine Tsukushi is released in response to NAFLD and impacts cholesterol homeostasis.
    7. TSKU inactivation protects mice from diet-induced NASH and liver transcriptome remodeling.
      Title: Mapping the molecular signatures of diet-induced NASH and its regulation by the hepatokine Tsukushi.
    8. The combinatorial guidance activities of draxin and Tsukushi are essential for forebrain commissure formation
      Title: The combinatorial guidance activities of draxin and Tsukushi are essential for forebrain commissure formation.
    9. TSK controls the hair cycle by regulating TGF-beta1 signaling.
      Title: Tsukushi controls the hair cycle by regulating TGF-β1 signaling.
    10. targeted inactivation of the TSK gene in mice causes expansion of the ciliary body and up-regulation of Wnt2b and Fzd4 expression in the developing peripheral eye
      Title: Tsukushi functions as a Wnt signaling inhibitor by competing with Wnt2b for binding to transmembrane protein Frizzled4.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    General gene information

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    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables transforming growth factor beta binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within anterior commissure morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in anterior commissure morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within camera-type eye development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cholesterol efflux IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cholesterol homeostasis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cholesterol metabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within ciliary body morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within corpus callosum morphogenesis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    NOT involved_in energy homeostasis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in energy homeostasis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in hippocampus development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in inner ear receptor cell stereocilium organization IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within lateral ventricle development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of myofibroblast differentiation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron projection development IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta1 production IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of hair cycle IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of gene expression IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in wound healing IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in extracellular matrix IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    located_in extracellular space IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    NOT located_in extracellular space IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    tsukushi
    Names
    leucine rich repeat containing 54
    leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 54
    tsukushin

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001024619.3 → NP_001019790.1  tsukushi precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001019790.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All four variants encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC111084, AK137208
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS21469.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000146025.2, ENSMUST00000206414.2
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    2. NM_001168539.1 → NP_001162011.1  tsukushi precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162011.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (4) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All four variants encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC111084, AK137208
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS21469.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000128431.2, ENSMUST00000165257.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    3. NM_001168540.1 → NP_001162012.1  tsukushi precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162012.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. All four variants encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC111084, AK053973
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS21469.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000130917.2, ENSMUST00000164726.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    4. NM_001168541.1 → NP_001162013.1  tsukushi precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001162013.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript. All four variants encode the same protein.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC111084, AK053973
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS21469.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000091713.5, ENSMUST00000094161.11
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000073.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      97999875..98010602 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_006507835.4 → XP_006507898.1  tsukushi isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006507898.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    2. XM_006507832.4 → XP_006507895.1  tsukushi isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006507895.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    3. XM_006507837.2 → XP_006507900.1  tsukushi isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006507900.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    4. XM_036153119.1 → XP_036009012.1  tsukushi isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    5. XM_006507833.2 → XP_006507896.1  tsukushi isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006507896.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]

    6. XM_036153118.1 → XP_036009011.1  tsukushi isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q4W655, Q8CBR6
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q08EE6
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000127242.2, ENSMUST00000165901.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG4886
      Location:64 → 317
      LRR; Leucine-rich repeat (LRR) protein [Transcription]
      sd00033
      Location:63 → 86
      LRR_RI; leucine-rich repeat [structural motif]
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8CBR6.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8CBR6

    Gene LinkOut

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