dys-1 Dystrophin;Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: dys-1
Official Full Name: Dystrophin;Dystrophin-1
Primary source: WormBase:WBGene00001131
Locus tag: CELE_F15D3.1
See related: AllianceGenome:WB:WBGene00001131
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Caenorhabditis elegans (strain: Bristol N2)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida; Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae; Caenorhabditis
Summary: Predicted to enable actin binding activity and zinc ion binding activity. Involved in several processes, including forward locomotion; muscle cell cellular homeostasis; and sarcomere organization. Located in striated muscle dense body. Part of dystrobrevin complex. Is expressed in several structures, including body wall musculature; intestine; nervous system; pharynx; and vulval muscle. Used to study Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in cognitive disorder; dilated cardiomyopathy (multiple); intellectual disability; and muscular dystrophy (multiple). Orthologous to several human genes including DMD (dystrophin) and UTRN (utrophin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
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Genomic context

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See dys-1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: I

Exon count:: 48

Sequence:: Chromosome: I; NC_003279.8 (11526918..11557851, complement)

Chromosome I - NC_003279.8 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003279.8

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Transcriptome changes during the initiation and progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Title: Transcriptome changes during the initiation and progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Mitochondrial hydrogen sulfide supplementation improves health in the C. elegans Duchenne muscular dystrophy model.
Title: Mitochondrial hydrogen sulfide supplementation improves health in the C. elegans Duchenne muscular dystrophy model.
DRP-1-mediated apoptosis induces muscle degeneration in dystrophin mutants
Title: DRP-1-mediated apoptosis induces muscle degeneration in dystrophin mutants.
To learn how dystrophic musculature responds to altered physical activity, we cultivated dys-1 animals in environments requiring high intensity or high frequency of muscle exertion during locomotion. We find that several muscular parameters (e.g., size) improve with increased activity.
Title: Physical exertion exacerbates decline in the musculature of an animal model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
analysis of altered dynamics of calcium channels in dystrophin-mutant C. elegans
Title: In vivo single-molecule imaging identifies altered dynamics of calcium channels in dystrophin-mutant C. elegans.
the interaction between alpha-catulin and alpha-dystrobrevin is evolutionarily conserved in C. elegans and mouse muscles and strongly suggests that this interaction contributes to the integrity of the dystrophin complex
Title: Interaction of α-catulin with dystrobrevin contributes to integrity of dystrophin complex in muscle.
This study provides biochemical data that show that SAX-7 associates with DYS-1 in an STN-2/gamma-syntrophin-dependent manner
Title: Neural integrity is maintained by dystrophin in C. elegans.
An Ctn-1 controls neuromuscular function through localization of the dystrophin complex and SLO-1 channels.
Title: An alpha-catulin homologue controls neuromuscular function through localization of the dystrophin complex and BK channels in Caenorhabditis elegans.
Reduction of ELP-1 in a dystrophin [dys-1(cx18)] mutant results in adult animals with motility defects, splayed and hypercontracted muscle with altered cholinergic signaling.
Title: Loss of dystrophin and the microtubule-binding protein ELP-1 causes progressive paralysis and death of adult C. elegans.
DYC-1 interacts with ZYX-1, the homologue of the vertebrate focal adhesion LIM domain protein zyxin.
Title: DYC-1, a protein functionally linked to dystrophin in Caenorhabditis elegans is associated with the dense body, where it interacts with the muscle LIM domain protein ZYX-1.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

F15D3.1 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:309774

STS1-198 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:241689

F32B4.3 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:319906

Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by WormBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables actin binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables zinc ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in acetylcholine transport	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell communication	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in forward locomotion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in locomotory behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in modulation of chemical synaptic transmission	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in muscle cell cellular homeostasis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of locomotion	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in sarcomere organization	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in signaling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in synaptic signaling	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in synaptic transmission, cholinergic	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in cytoplasm	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoskeleton	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
part_of dystrobrevin complex	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
part_of dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of dystrophin-associated glycoprotein complex	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in sarcolemma	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in striated muscle dense body	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in synapse	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: Dystrophin;Dystrophin-1

NP_001293158.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293159.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293239.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293240.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293241.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293242.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001293243.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_001380159.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_492946.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NP_492947.1

Confirmed by transcript evidence

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003279.8 Reference assembly

Range

11526918..11557851 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_060545.7 → NP_492946.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_492946.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9TW65, Q9TYG9, Q9U3H3

Conserved Domains (10) summary

smart00456
Location:3052 → 3081

WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

COG1196
Location:1003 → 1837

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:2679 → 2895

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd02334
Location:3304 → 3352

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

TIGR02168
Location:578 → 1297

SMC_prok_B; chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type

TIGR02169
Location:1417 → 2272

SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type

pfam00307
Location:133 → 229

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam09068
Location:3082 → 3201

EF-hand_2; EF hand

pfam09069
Location:3205 → 3295

EF-hand_3; EF-hand

cl02488
Location:2793 → 3033

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
NM_060546.8 → NP_492947.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_492947.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9TW65
NM_001306313.4 → NP_001293242.1 Dystrophin [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293242.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CLV8

Conserved Domains (9) summary

smart00456
Location:3041 → 3070

WW; Domain with 2 conserved Trp (W) residues

COG1196
Location:1003 → 1826

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:2668 → 2884

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd02334
Location:3293 → 3341

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

TIGR02168
Location:578 → 1286

SMC_prok_B; chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type

pfam00307
Location:133 → 229

CH; Calponin homology (CH) domain

pfam09068
Location:3071 → 3190

EF-hand_2; EF hand

pfam09069
Location:3194 → 3284

EF-hand_3; EF-hand

cl02488
Location:2782 → 3022

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...
NM_001306314.3 → NP_001293243.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293243.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CLR8

Conserved Domains (6) summary

COG0419
Location:309 → 966

SbcC; DNA repair exonuclease SbcCD ATPase subunit [Replication, recombination and repair]

COG1196
Location:777 → 1600

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:2442 → 2658

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd00201
Location:2815 → 2844

WW; Two conserved tryptophans domain; also known as the WWP or rsp5 domain; around 40 amino acids; functions as an interaction module in a diverse set of signalling proteins; binds specific proline-rich sequences but at low affinities compared to other ...

cd02334
Location:3067 → 3115

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

cd16242
Location:2881 → 3042

EFh_DMD_like; EF-hand-like motif found in the dystrophins subfamily
NM_001306310.3 → NP_001293239.1 Dystrophin [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293239.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CJD7

Conserved Domains (6) summary

COG0419
Location:309 → 966

SbcC; DNA repair exonuclease SbcCD ATPase subunit [Replication, recombination and repair]

COG1196
Location:777 → 1611

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:2453 → 2669

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd00201
Location:2826 → 2855

WW; Two conserved tryptophans domain; also known as the WWP or rsp5 domain; around 40 amino acids; functions as an interaction module in a diverse set of signalling proteins; binds specific proline-rich sequences but at low affinities compared to other ...

cd02334
Location:3078 → 3126

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

cd16242
Location:2892 → 3053

EFh_DMD_like; EF-hand-like motif found in the dystrophins subfamily
NM_001392950.1 → NP_001380159.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CJE3

Conserved Domains (6) summary

COG1196
Location:1573 → 1879

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:1509 → 1725

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd00201
Location:1882 → 1911

WW; Two conserved tryptophans domain; also known as the WWP or rsp5 domain; around 40 amino acids; functions as an interaction module in a diverse set of signalling proteins; binds specific proline-rich sequences but at low affinities compared to other ...

cd02334
Location:2134 → 2182

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

TIGR02168
Location:74 → 855

SMC_prok_B; chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type

cd16242
Location:1948 → 2109

EFh_DMD_like; EF-hand-like motif found in the dystrophins subfamily
NM_001306311.3 → NP_001293240.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293240.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CKJ6

Conserved Domains (8) summary

COG0419
Location:6 → 544

SbcC; DNA repair exonuclease SbcCD ATPase subunit [Replication, recombination and repair]

COG1196
Location:1584 → 1890

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:1520 → 1736

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd00201
Location:1893 → 1922

WW; Two conserved tryptophans domain; also known as the WWP or rsp5 domain; around 40 amino acids; functions as an interaction module in a diverse set of signalling proteins; binds specific proline-rich sequences but at low affinities compared to other ...

cd02334
Location:2145 → 2193

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

TIGR02168
Location:1328 → 1685

SMC_prok_B; chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type

TIGR02169
Location:258 → 1113

SMC_prok_A; chromosome segregation protein SMC, primarily archaeal type

cd16242
Location:1959 → 2120

EFh_DMD_like; EF-hand-like motif found in the dystrophins subfamily
NM_001306312.3 → NP_001293241.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293241.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CLW7

Conserved Domains (6) summary

COG1196
Location:646 → 954

Smc; Chromosome segregation ATPase [Cell cycle control, cell division, chromosome partitioning]

cd00176
Location:582 → 798

SPEC; Spectrin repeats, found in several proteins involved in cytoskeletal structure; family members include spectrin, alpha-actinin and dystrophin; the spectrin repeat forms a three helix bundle with the second helix interrupted by proline in some sequences; ...

cd00201
Location:955 → 984

WW; Two conserved tryptophans domain; also known as the WWP or rsp5 domain; around 40 amino acids; functions as an interaction module in a diverse set of signalling proteins; binds specific proline-rich sequences but at low affinities compared to other ...

cd02334
Location:1207 → 1255

ZZ_dystrophin; Zinc finger, ZZ type. Zinc finger present in dystrophin and dystrobrevin. The ZZ motif coordinates two zinc ions and most likely participates in ligand binding or molecular scaffolding. Dystrophin attaches actin filaments to an integral membrane ...

TIGR02168
Location:390 → 747

SMC_prok_B; chromosome segregation protein SMC, common bacterial type

cd16242
Location:1021 → 1182

EFh_DMD_like; EF-hand-like motif found in the dystrophins subfamily
NM_001306229.3 → NP_001293158.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293158.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CL65
NM_001306230.3 → NP_001293159.1 Dystrophin-1 [Caenorhabditis elegans]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001293159.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

V6CIR0