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    PPP2R3A protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''alpha [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 5523, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    PPP2R3Aprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    protein phosphatase 2 regulatory subunit B''alphaprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:9307
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000073711 MIM:604944; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9307
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    PR72; PR130; PPP2R3
    Summary
    This gene encodes one of the regulatory subunits of the protein phosphatase 2. Protein phosphatase 2 (formerly named type 2A) is one of the four major Ser/Thr phosphatases and is implicated in the negative control of cell growth and division. Protein phosphatase 2 holoenzymes are heterotrimeric proteins composed of a structural subunit A, a catalytic subunit C, and a regulatory subunit B. The regulatory subunit is encoded by a diverse set of genes that have been grouped into the B/PR55, B'/PR61, and B''/PR72 families. These different regulatory subunits confer distinct enzymatic specificities and intracellular localizations to the holozenzyme. The product of this gene belongs to the B'' family. The B'' family has been further divided into subfamilies. The product of this gene belongs to the alpha subfamily of regulatory subunit B''. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms.[provided by RefSeq, Jun 2010]
    Expression
    Broad expression in heart (RPKM 10.6), kidney (RPKM 9.3) and 20 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    mouse all
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    Genomic context

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    See PPP2R3A in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    3q22.2-q22.3
    Exon count:
    17
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (135965728..136147894)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (138711499..138893700)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (135684570..135866736)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene SDHB pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135684144-135684962 Neighboring gene NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit S6 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135703753-135704390 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135704391-135705026 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 9179 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135788758-135789957 Neighboring gene DONSON pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135876195-135876694 Neighboring gene CRIPTO pseudogene 6 Neighboring gene MSL complex subunit 2 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135906825-135907326 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:135907961-135908462 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20579 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 20580 Neighboring gene hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr3:135914134-135914880 and GRCh37_chr3:135914881-135915627 Neighboring gene ribosomal protein L31 pseudogene 23

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. The B''/PR72 subunit mediates Ca2+-dependent dephosphorylation of DARPP-32 by protein phosphatase 2A. Ahn JH, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2007 Jun 5. PMID 17535922, Free PMC Article
    2. The PP2A subunit PR130 is a key regulator of cell development and oncogenic transformation. Dzulko M, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer, 2020 Dec. PMID 33068647
    3. The formation and activity of PP2A holoenzymes do not depend on the isoform of the catalytic subunit. Zhou J, et al. J Biol Chem, 2003 Mar 7. PMID 12506124
    4. Identification and functional analysis of two Ca2+-binding EF-hand motifs in the B"/PR72 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A. Janssens V, et al. J Biol Chem, 2003 Mar 21. PMID 12524438
    5. Overexpression of Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit B"Alpha Promotes Glycolysis by Regulating Hexokinase 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Jiao N, et al. Biomed Environ Sci, 2022 Jul 20. PMID 35945177

    See all (60) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Overexpression of Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit B""Alpha Promotes Glycolysis by Regulating Hexokinase 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
      Title: Overexpression of Protein Phosphatase 2 Regulatory Subunit B"Alpha Promotes Glycolysis by Regulating Hexokinase 1 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.
    2. A novel dephosphorylation targeting chimera selectively promoting tau removal in tauopathies.
      Title: A novel dephosphorylation targeting chimera selectively promoting tau removal in tauopathies.
    3. The PP2A subunit PR130 is a key regulator of cell development and oncogenic transformation.
      Title: The PP2A subunit PR130 is a key regulator of cell development and oncogenic transformation.
    4. [Functional Hypermethylation of ALDH1L1, PLCL2, and PPP2R3A in Colon Cancer].
      Title: [Functional Hypermethylation of ALDH1L1, PLCL2, and PPP2R3A in Colon Cancer].
    5. HDAC1 and HDAC2 suppress the expression of PPP2R3A/PR130, a regulatory subunit of the trimeric serine/threonine phosphatase 2 (PP2A).
      Title: HDAC1 and HDAC2 integrate checkpoint kinase phosphorylation and cell fate through the phosphatase-2A subunit PR130.
    6. this study shows the importance of PP2A complexes with the LIM domains of lipoma-preferred partner in cell adhesion and migration dynamics
      Title: PP2A binds to the LIM domains of lipoma-preferred partner through its PR130/B″ subunit to regulate cell adhesion and migration.
    7. PP2A can be targeted in a calcium-regulated manner to Cdc6 via the PR70 subunit, where it plays a role in regulating protein phosphorylation and stability.
      Title: Protein phosphatase 2A is targeted to cell division control protein 6 by a calcium-binding regulatory subunit.
    8. The B''/PR72 subunit mediates Ca2+-dependent dephosphorylation of DARPP-32 by protein phosphatase 2A.
      Title: The B''/PR72 subunit mediates Ca2+-dependent dephosphorylation of DARPP-32 by protein phosphatase 2A.
    9. two Ca2+-binding EF-hand motifs in the B"/PR72 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A demonstrating the ability or calcium ions to interact with and regulate PP2A
      Title: Identification and functional analysis of two Ca2+-binding EF-hand motifs in the B"/PR72 subunit of protein phosphatase 2A.
    10. PR72 interacts physically and functionally with Naked cuticle. PR72, like Naked cuticle, acts as a negative regulator of the classical Wnt signaling cascade.
      Title: PR72, a novel regulator of Wnt signaling required for Naked cuticle function.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Phenotypes

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    Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

    Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    A genome-wide association study of the Protein C anticoagulant pathway.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Biological insights from 108 schizophrenia-associated genetic loci.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Variation

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    See variants in ClinVar

    See studies and variants in dbVar

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

    See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

    HIV-1 interactions

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    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Tat tat HIV-1 Tat upregulates the total levels of PP2A protein and downregulates the inactive form of phosphorylated PP2A, which leads to inhibit hTERT activity directly or indirectly in CD4+ T cells PubMed
    tat Protein phosphatase-2A (PP2A) and protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) regulate HIV-1 Tat-activated transcription through dephosphorylation of CDK9 PubMed
    tat An increase in the amount of PP2A core enzyme with a concomitant decrease in the amount of PP2A holoenzyme inhibits HIV-1 Tat-stimulated transcription from the HIV-1 LTR promoter, indicating a role for PP2A in the modulation of HIV-1 gene expression PubMed
    Vpr vpr Amino-acid peptide sequence (residues 77-92) of HIV-1 Vpr binds to PP2A1. The sequence from HIV-1 89.6 strain is a cell penetrating and death domain PubMed
    vpr HIV-1 Vpr cell death causing peptide (amino acid residues 71-96) can activate the expression of PP2A when applied extracellularly to CD4+ T cells as well as cause the activation of PP2A from brain, liver, and adipose tissues PubMed
    vpr HIV-1 Vpr was found to upregulate PP2A in fission yeast PubMed
    vpr HIV-1 Vpr forms a complex with HIV-1 nucleocapsid that directly activates PP2A PubMed
    nucleocapsid gag HIV-1 Vpr forms a complex with HIV-1 nucleocapsid that directly activates PP2A PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables calcium ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein phosphatase regulator activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables protein-macromolecule adaptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in eye photoreceptor cell differentiation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in protein dephosphorylation ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of canonical Wnt signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of cell migration involved in somitogenic axis elongation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of cell migration involved in somitogenic axis elongation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in somatic muscle development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in somatic muscle development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in somite development ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in somitogenesis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in somitogenesis IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of protein phosphatase type 2A complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of protein phosphatase type 2A complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    part_of protein phosphatase type 2A complex ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha
    Names
    PR130/B''alpha1 subunit
    PR72/B''alpha2 subuit
    protein phosphatase 2, regulatory subunit B'', alpha
    serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A 72/130 kDa regulatory subunit B
    NP_001177376.1
    NP_002709.2
    NP_871626.1
    XP_006713749.1
    XP_011511258.1
    XP_016862276.1
    XP_047304465.1
    XP_047304466.1
    XP_054203133.1
    XP_054203134.1
    XP_054203135.1
    XP_054203136.1
    XP_054203137.1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029234.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5056..187222
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001190447.2 → NP_001177376.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform 3

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001177376.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region, and initiates translation at a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK298059, AL389975, DB223168, DB378665
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS54642.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q06190
      Related
      ENSP00000419344.1, ENST00000490467.5
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam13499
      Location:167 → 265
      EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair

    2. NM_002718.5 → NP_002709.2  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002709.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1), also known as isoform beta or isoform PR130.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK293012, AL389975, DB378665
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3087.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8KAE7, B4DNU1, B7ZAE3, Q06189, Q06190, Q9NPQ5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9
      Related
      ENSP00000264977.3, ENST00000264977.8
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam13499
      Location:903 → 1001
      EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair

    3. NM_181897.3 → NP_871626.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_871626.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR and the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2), also known as isoform alpha or isoform PR72, contains a distinct N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC072039, AK316258, AL389975, DB378665
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS3088.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B4DS28
      Related
      ENSP00000334748.2, ENST00000334546.6
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam13499
      Location:282 → 380
      EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      135965728..136147894
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_017006787.3 → XP_016862276.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    2. XM_006713686.5 → XP_006713749.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006713749.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8KAE7, B4DNU1, B7ZAE3, Q06189, Q06190, Q9NPQ5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam13499
      Location:903 → 1001
      EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair

    3. XM_047448510.1 → XP_047304466.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    4. XM_011512956.4 → XP_011511258.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011511258.1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      A8KAE7, B4DNU1, B7ZAE3, Q06189, Q06190, Q9NPQ5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam13499
      Location:903 → 1001
      EF-hand_7; EF-hand domain pair

    5. XM_047448509.1 → XP_047304465.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    RNA

    1. XR_001740196.3 RNA Sequence

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      138711499..138893700
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_054347160.1 → XP_054203135.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    2. XM_054347158.1 → XP_054203133.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    3. XM_054347159.1 → XP_054203134.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X1

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    4. XM_054347162.1 → XP_054203137.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    5. XM_054347161.1 → XP_054203136.1  serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B'' subunit alpha isoform X2

      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      B2RAL3, Q6P0N9

    RNA

    1. XR_008486746.1 RNA Sequence

    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q06190.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q06190

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