E(z) Enhancer of zeste [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: E(z)provided by FlyBase
Official Full Name: Enhancer of zesteprovided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0000629
Locus tag: Dmel_CG6502
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0000629
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG6502; dE(z); Dmel\CG6502; E(Z); E(z)1; Ez; EZ; EZH1/2; Ezh2; EZH2; E[z]; l(3)1902; l(3)67Fa; l(3)B12; l(3)ds12; l(3)SG17; pco; pco/E(z); Su(z)301
Summary: Enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity; histone H3K9 methyltransferase activity; and sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Involved in several processes, including regulation of gene expression; regulation of neuroblast proliferation; and syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle. Located in nucleus. Part of ESC/E(Z) complex. Is expressed in several structures, including anterior endoderm; central brain primordium; embryonic/larval midgut primordium; male germline cell; and mesoderm. Used to study syndromic intellectual disability. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in several diseases, including Weaver syndrome; gastrointestinal system cancer (multiple); glioblastoma; hematologic cancer (multiple); and renal Wilms' tumor. Orthologous to human EZH1 (enhancer of zeste 1 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit) and EZH2 (enhancer of zeste 2 polycomb repressive complex 2 subunit). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
Orthologs: all
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Genomic context

Location:: 67E5-67E5; 3-33 cM

Exon count:: 9

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (10634575..10638130, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (10627675..10631230, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

A de novo missense variant in EZH1 associated with developmental delay exhibits functional deficits in Drosophila melanogaster.
Title: A de novo missense variant in EZH1 associated with developmental delay exhibits functional deficits in Drosophila melanogaster.
Transcriptome Analysis of Long-lived Drosophila melanogaster E(z) Mutants Sheds Light on the Molecular Mechanisms of Longevity.
Title: Transcriptome Analysis of Long-lived Drosophila melanogaster E(z) Mutants Sheds Light on the Molecular Mechanisms of Longevity.
E(z) protein is required for Ci transcription.
Title: Distinct functions of polycomb group proteins in regulating Ci transcription in developing Drosophila.
Drosophila Mbf1 associates with E(z) mRNA and protects it from degradation by the exoribonuclease Pacman (Pcm), thereby ensuring Polycomb silencing.
Title: Mbf1 ensures Polycomb silencing by protecting E(z) mRNA from degradation by Pacman.
Taken together, these data suggest that E(z) acts intrinsically in germ cells to activate dedifferentiation and thus replenish lost germline stem cells during both aging and tissue regeneration.
Title: Polycomb Group Gene E(z) Is Required for Spermatogonial Dedifferentiation in Drosophila Adult Testis.
Chracterization of functionally critical SU(Z)12 elements, including key determinants of SU(Z)12-E(Z) communication.
Title: Elements of the polycomb repressor SU(Z)12 needed for histone H3-K27 methylation, the interface with E(Z), and in vivo function.
These results suggest that increased H3K27 trimethylation activity of E(Z)(Trm) causes the premature accumulation of H3K27me3 in early embryogenesis, "predestining" initially active Polycomb target genes to silencing once Polycomb silencing is initiated.
Title: A mutation in the E(Z) methyltransferase that increases trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 and causes inappropriate silencing of active Polycomb target genes.
The emerging picture presents PRC2 as a cooperative multipart machine, intricately outfitted to sense and respond to the local chromatin environment and other cues[review]
Title: Inner workings and regulatory inputs that control Polycomb repressive complex 2.
A Pcl-PSC2 complex is the histone methyltransferase that generates the high levels of histone3-lysine27 trimethylation in Polycomb target genes that are needed to maintain a Polycomb-repressed chromatin state.
Title: Pcl-PRC2 is needed to generate high levels of H3-K27 trimethylation at Polycomb target genes.
The nucleosome-binding subunits Su(z)12 and Nurf55 anchor the E(z) enzyme on chromatin substrates, an essential process in maintaining HOX gene silencing during development.
Title: Nucleosome binding and histone methyltransferase activity of Drosophila PRC2.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

NCBI Orthologs

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables DNA binding	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables chromatin binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables histone H3K27 methyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables histone H3K9 methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone methyltransferase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables histone methyltransferase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables sequence-specific DNA binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in anterior/posterior axis specification	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in axon guidance	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in chromatin remodeling	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in facultative heterochromatin formation	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in facultative heterochromatin formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in heterochromatin formation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in heterochromatin formation	IC Inferred by Curator more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in neurogenesis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of neuroblast proliferation	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in syncytial blastoderm mitotic cell cycle	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of ESC/E(Z) complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of ESC/E(Z) complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in chromatin	NAS Non-traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
part_of histone methyltransferase complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in nucleus	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: enhancer of zeste

Names: CG6502-PA; CG6502-PB; CG6502-PC; E(z)-PA; E(z)-PB; E(z)-PC; enhancer of zest; enhancer-of-zeste; polycombeotic

NP_001137932.1

EC 2.1.1.356

NP_001261682.1

EC 2.1.1.356

NP_524021.2

EC 2.1.1.356

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_037436.4 Reference assembly

Range

10634575..10638130 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_079297.3 → NP_524021.2 enhancer of zeste, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_524021.2

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B7Z0G2, P42124, Q9VTA3

Related

FBpp0076008

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00317
Location:626 → 742

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

COG2940
Location:466 → 740

SET; SET domain-containing protein (function unknown) [General function prediction only]

cd00167
Location:447 → 487

SANT; 'SWI3, ADA2, N-CoR and TFIIIB' DNA-binding domains. Tandem copies of the domain bind telomeric DNA tandem repeatsas part of the capping complex. Binding is sequence dependent for repeats which contain the G/C rich motif [C2-3 A (CA)1-6]. The domain is ...
NM_001144460.3 → NP_001137932.1 enhancer of zeste, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001137932.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B7Z0G2, P42124, Q9VTA3

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00317
Location:626 → 742

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

COG2940
Location:466 → 740

SET; SET domain-containing protein (function unknown) [General function prediction only]

cd00167
Location:447 → 487

SANT; 'SWI3, ADA2, N-CoR and TFIIIB' DNA-binding domains. Tandem copies of the domain bind telomeric DNA tandem repeatsas part of the capping complex. Binding is sequence dependent for repeats which contain the G/C rich motif [C2-3 A (CA)1-6]. The domain is ...
NM_001274753.1 → NP_001261682.1 enhancer of zeste, isoform C [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261682.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PHZ5

Conserved Domains (3) summary

smart00317
Location:631 → 747

SET; SET (Su(var)3-9, Enhancer-of-zeste, Trithorax) domain

COG2940
Location:471 → 745

SET; SET domain-containing protein (function unknown) [General function prediction only]

cd00167
Location:452 → 492

SANT; 'SWI3, ADA2, N-CoR and TFIIIB' DNA-binding domains. Tandem copies of the domain bind telomeric DNA tandem repeatsas part of the capping complex. Binding is sequence dependent for repeats which contain the G/C rich motif [C2-3 A (CA)1-6]. The domain is ...