RHM1 rhamnose biosynthesis 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress)] - Gene

Summary

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Official Symbol: RHM1
Official Full Name: rhamnose biosynthesis 1
Primary source: TAIR:AT1G78570
Locus tag: AT1G78570
See related: Araport:AT1G78570
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
Lineage: Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
Also known as: ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA RHAMNOSE BIOSYNTHESIS 1; ATRHM1; REPRESSOR OF LRX1 1; rhamnose biosynthesis 1; ROL1; T30F21.10; T30F21_10
Summary: Encodes a UDP-L-Rhamnose synthase involved in the biosynthesis of rhamnose, a major monosaccharide component of pectin. Catalyzes the conversion of UDP-D-Glc to UDP-L-Rha. The dehydrogenase domain of RHM1 was shown to catalyze the conversion of UDP-D-Glc to the reaction intermediate UDP-4-keto-6-deoxy-D-Glc using recombinant protein assay but the activity of the full-length protein was not determined as it could not be expressed in <i>E. coli</i>.
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Genomic context

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See RHM1 in Genome Data Viewer

Location:: chromosome: 1

Exon count:: 3

Sequence:: Chromosome: 1; NC_003070.9 (29549540..29552438)

Chromosome 1 - NC_003070.9 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:: NC_003070.9

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Mutations in Arabidopsis RHAMNOSE BIOSYNTHESIS 1 (RHM1) cause dramatic left-handed helical growth of petal epidermal cells, leading to left-handed twisted petals. rhm1 mutant roots also display left-handed growth.
Title: Rhamnose-Containing Cell Wall Polymers Suppress Helical Plant Growth Independently of Microtubule Orientation.
GFP::AtRHM1 fusion protein was found to be localized in the cytosol of cotyledon cells and of petiole cells of cotyledon, indicating that AtRHM1 is a cytosol-localized protein. Overexpression resulted in an increase of rhamnose in the leaf cell wall as well as an alteration in galactose and glucose
Title: Overexpression of a cytosol-localized rhamnose biosynthesis protein encoded by Arabidopsis RHM1 gene increases rhamnose content in cell wall.
AtRHM1 is induced at transcriptional level by glucose and the regulatory elements involved in the glucose response are located in the region of -931 bp - -752 bp which contains three G-box motifs.
Title: [Identification of glucose-responsive elements in the promoter of UDP-L-rhamnose biosynthesis gene RHM1 in Arabidopsis thaliana].
A comparison of flavonol profile in RHM knockout mutants indicated that RHM1 plays a major role in supplying UDP-rhamnose for flavonol modification.
Title: Comprehensive flavonol profiling and transcriptome coexpression analysis leading to decoding gene-metabolite correlations in Arabidopsis.
In rol1 mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana, flavonols in the cell are glycosylated, rhamnose biosynthesis is affected, flavonol glycosylation profile is modified, and plant development and cell shape are changed.
Title: The modified flavonol glycosylation profile in the Arabidopsis rol1 mutants results in alterations in plant growth and cell shape formation.
Data show that the Arabidopsis root hair cell wall formation mutant of LRX1 is suppressed by mutations in the RHM1 gene encoding a UDP-L-rhamnose synthase.
Title: The Arabidopsis root hair cell wall formation mutant lrx1 is suppressed by mutations in the RHM1 gene encoding a UDP-L-rhamnose synthase.

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Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

NM_106504.4

Supported by ESTs:

Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables UDP-L-rhamnose synthase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables UDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables dTDP-glucose 4,6-dehydratase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within UDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within UDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in UDP-rhamnose biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within auxin export across the plasma membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in auxin export across the plasma membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell differentiation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within flavonol biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in flavonol biosynthetic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell population proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
located_in chloroplast	ISM Inferred from Sequence Model more info
located_in cytoplasmic stress granule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in mitochondrion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in plasmodesma	HDA more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: rhamnose biosynthesis 1

NP_177978.1

rhamnose biosynthesis 1 (RHM1); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: NAD-dependent epimerase/dehydratase (InterPro:IPR001509), NAD(P)-binding domain (InterPro:IPR016040), dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase (InterPro:IPR005913); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: rhamnose biosynthesis 3 (TAIR:AT3G14790.1); Has 54880 Blast hits to 54585 proteins in 3085 species: Archae - 917; Bacteria - 31981; Metazoa - 1168; Fungi - 566; Plants - 1527; Viruses - 106; Other Eukaryotes - 18615 (source: NCBI BLink).

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NC_003070.9 Reference assembly

Range

29549540..29552438

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_106504.4 → NP_177978.1 rhamnose biosynthesis 1 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_177978.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Q9SYM5

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

A0A178W4U5, A0A5S9WVH5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

PLN02260
Location:1 → 669

PLN02260; probable rhamnose biosynthetic enzyme