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    CALR calreticulin [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 811, updated on 27-Nov-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    CALRprovided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    calreticulinprovided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:1455
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000179218 MIM:109091; AllianceGenome:HGNC:1455
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    RO; CRT; SSA; CALR1; cC1qR; HEL-S-99n
    Summary
    Calreticulin is a highly conserved chaperone protein which resides primarily in the endoplasmic reticulum, and is involved in a variety of cellular processes, among them, cell adhesion. Additionally, it functions in protein folding quality control and calcium homeostasis. Calreticulin is also found in the nucleus, suggesting that it may have a role in transcription regulation. Systemic lupus erythematosus is associated with increased autoantibody titers against calreticulin. Recurrent mutations in calreticulin have been linked to various neoplasms, including the myeloproliferative type.[provided by RefSeq, May 2020]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in thyroid (RPKM 564.2), placenta (RPKM 291.4) and 24 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
    Try the new Gene table
    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See CALR in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    19p13.13
    Exon count:
    9
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 19 NC_000019.10 (12938609..12944489)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 19 NC_060943.1 (13063097..13068974)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 19 NC_000019.9 (13049423..13055303)

    Chromosome 19 - NC_000019.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene microRNA 5695 Neighboring gene phenylalanyl-tRNA synthetase subunit alpha Neighboring gene FARSA antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14093 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7930 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr19:13045760-13045865 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14095 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14096 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-FlowFISH-validated RAD23A regulatory element 2 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13049721-13050470 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13050707-13051906 Neighboring gene microRNA 6515 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13056454-13057146 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 11818 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13058093-13059292 Neighboring gene RAD23 homolog A, nucleotide excision repair protein Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13063321-13064520 Neighboring gene GADD45G interacting protein 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14100 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13067513-13068385 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14101 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 14102 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 10186 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13079936-13080539 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13080540-13081142 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr19:13085246-13085752 Neighboring gene DAN domain BMP antagonist family member 5

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    Associated conditions

    Description Tests
    Primary myelofibrosis
    MedGen: C0001815 OMIM: 254450 GeneReviews: Not available
    not available
    Thrombocythemia 1
    MedGen: C3277671 OMIM: 187950 GeneReviews: Not available
    not available

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Clozapine-induced agranulocytosis is associated with rare HLA-DQB1 and HLA-B alleles.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Seventy-five genetic loci influencing the human red blood cell.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 is identified to have a physical interaction with calreticulin (CALR) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses PubMed
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp160, precursor env HIV-1 gp160 is identified to have a physical interaction with calreticulin (CALR) in human HEK293 and/or Jurkat cell lines by using affinity tagging and purification mass spectrometry analyses PubMed
    env The ubiquitous eukaryotic protein calreticulin binds to newly synthesized HIV-1 gp160, suggesting that calreticulin might act as a chaperone PubMed
    Rev rev HIV-1 Rev interacting protein, calreticulin (CALR), is identified by the in-vitro binding experiments involving cytosolic or nuclear extracts from HeLa cells. The interaction of Rev with CALR is increased by RRE PubMed
    Vpr vpr A stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture coupled with mass spectrometry-based proteomics identifies upregulation of calreticulin (CALR) expression by HIV-1 Vpr in Vpr transduced macrophages PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

    Markers

    Clone Names

    • FLJ26680

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA binding NAS
    Non-traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables RNA binding HDA PubMed 
    enables calcium ion binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables calcium ion binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables calcium ion binding IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables calcium ion binding ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    enables calcium ion binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables carbohydrate binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables complement component C1q complex binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables complement component C1q complex binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables hormone binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables integrin binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables iron ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables mRNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables molecular sequestering activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables nuclear androgen receptor binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables nuclear export signal receptor activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables peptide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein folding chaperone TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables protein-folding chaperone binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables unfolded protein binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    enables zinc ion binding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in ERAD pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cardiac muscle cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to electrical stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to lithium ion IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular response to virus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular senescence IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cortical actin cytoskeleton organization IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in intracellular calcium ion homeostasis TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of neuron differentiation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of retinoic acid receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of translation IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of translation TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of trophoblast cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in nuclear receptor-mediated glucocorticoid signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in peptide antigen assembly with MHC class I protein complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in peptide antigen assembly with MHC class I protein complex ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of positive regulation of cell cycle IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of dendritic cell chemotaxis IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of endothelial cell migration IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of non-canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in positive regulation of substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein export from nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein folding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in protein folding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein folding in endoplasmic reticulum TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein localization to nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein maturation by protein folding TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in protein stabilization ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    involved_in protein stabilization TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of DNA-templated transcription TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of apoptotic process TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of meiotic nuclear division IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to biphenyl IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to estradiol IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to glycoside IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to peptide IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to testosterone IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in response to xenobiotic stimulus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in sequestering of calcium ion TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in spermatogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    part_of MHC class I peptide loading complex IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    part_of MHC class I peptide loading complex ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in acrosomal vesicle IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cell surface TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in collagen-containing extracellular matrix IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cortical granule ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
     
    located_in cytolytic granule IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in cytosol IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in endocytic vesicle lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum lumen TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    is_active_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum quality control compartment IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi intermediate compartment membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in external side of plasma membrane IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
    located_in extracellular region TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in extracellular space HDA PubMed 
    located_in extracellular space IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in focal adhesion HDA PubMed 
    located_in glutamatergic synapse IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in lumenal side of endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in membrane HDA PubMed 
    located_in membrane IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nuclear envelope IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in nucleus HDA PubMed 
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in phagocytic vesicle membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
     
    located_in postsynapse IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in ribosome IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    located_in sarcoplasmic reticulum lumen IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    located_in smooth endoplasmic reticulum IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    calreticulin
    Names
    CRP55
    ERp60
    HACBP
    Sicca syndrome antigen A (autoantigen Ro; calreticulin)
    calregulin
    endoplasmic reticulum resident protein 60
    epididymis secretory sperm binding protein Li 99n
    grp60

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    Genomic

    1. NG_029662.1 RefSeqGene

      Range
      5001..10891
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics), LRG_828

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_004343.4NP_004334.1  calreticulin precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_004334.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC092069
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS12288.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P27797, Q6IAT4, Q9UDG2
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q53G71, V9HW88
      Related
      ENSP00000320866.4, ENST00000316448.10
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      pfam00262
      Location:23332
      Calreticulin; Calreticulin family

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000019.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      12938609..12944489
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060943.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      13063097..13068974
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)