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    Dlx6 distal-less homeobox 6 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 13396, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Dlx6provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    distal-less homeobox 6provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:101927
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000029754 AllianceGenome:MGI:101927
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Summary
    Predicted to enable DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific and RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including embryonic morphogenesis; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; and roof of mouth development. Predicted to be located in nucleus. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; brain; branchial arch; limb; and sensory organ. Used to study split hand-foot malformation 1. Orthologous to human DLX6 (distal-less homeobox 6). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Biased expression in frontal lobe adult (RPKM 6.8), whole brain E14.5 (RPKM 5.5) and 8 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Dlx6 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6 A1; 6 2.83 cM
    Exon count:
    4
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 6 NC_000072.7 (6863272..6867965)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 6 NC_000072.6 (6863334..6867970)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000072.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene predicted gene, 52890 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 34871 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_15087 Neighboring gene distal-less homeobox 6, opposite strand 1 Neighboring gene distal-less homeobox 6, opposite strand 2 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 53323 Neighboring gene distal-less homeobox 5

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Allelic reduction of Dlx5 and Dlx6 results in early follicular depletion: a new mouse model of primary ovarian insufficiency. Bouhali K, et al. Hum Mol Genet, 2011 Jul 1. PMID 21505076
    2. Dlx5/6 Expression Levels in Mouse GABAergic Neurons Regulate Adult Parvalbumin Neuronal Density and Anxiety/Compulsive Behaviours. Aouci R, et al. Cells, 2022 May 25. PMID 35681437, Free PMC Article
    3. An SNP in an ultraconserved regulatory element affects Dlx5/Dlx6 regulation in the forebrain. Poitras L, et al. Development, 2010 Sep. PMID 20702565, Free PMC Article
    4. Expression and function of Dlx genes in the osteoblast lineage. Li H, et al. Dev Biol, 2008 Apr 15. PMID 18280462, Free PMC Article
    5. Direct evidence of allele equivalency at the Dlx5/6 locus. Bendall AJ. Genesis, 2016 May. PMID 26953501

    See all (122) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Distal-less homeobox genes Dlx5/6 regulate Mullerian duct regression.
      Title: Distal-less homeobox genes Dlx5/6 regulate Müllerian duct regression.
    2. Dlx5/6 Expression Levels in Mouse GABAergic Neurons Regulate Adult Parvalbumin Neuronal Density and Anxiety/Compulsive Behaviours.
      Title: Dlx5/6 Expression Levels in Mouse GABAergic Neurons Regulate Adult Parvalbumin Neuronal Density and Anxiety/Compulsive Behaviours.
    3. (1) Dlx5/6 activation in NCCs invariably determines lower jaw identity; (2) the morphogenetic processes that generate functional matching jaws depend on the harmonization of Dlx5/6 expression in NCCs and in distinct ectodermal territories.
      Title: Probing the origin of matching functional jaws: roles of Dlx5/6 in cranial neural crest cells.
    4. DLX5 and DLX6 reciprocally inhibit BMP/H2-mediated H1 enhancer regulation in mandible embryonic development.
      Title: Exclusion of Dlx5/6 expression from the distal-most mandibular arches enables BMP-mediated specification of the distal cap.
    5. We found that in Dlx5;6 DKO limbs, the AER expresses lower levels of Wnt5a, shows scattered beta-catenin responsive cells and altered basolateral and planar cell polarity (PCP).
      Title: The apical ectodermal ridge of the mouse model of ectrodactyly Dlx5;Dlx6-/- shows altered stratification and cell polarity, which are restored by exogenous Wnt5a ligand.
    6. Dlx5 and Dlx6 expression determines uterine architecture and adenogenesis and is needed for implantation
      Title: Dlx5 and Dlx6 control uterine adenogenesis during post-natal maturation: possible consequences for endometriosis.
    7. The Edn1/Ednra signaling regulates neural crest differentiation to ensure the proper patterning of pharyngeal arch arteries, which is independent of the mechanism mediated by Dlx5/Dlx6.
      Title: Endothelin regulates neural crest deployment and fate to form great vessels through Dlx5/Dlx6-independent mechanisms.
    8. in AER cells and, at later stages, in the limb mesoderm the regulation of by Dlx5 and Dlx6 occurs also cell autonomously
      Title: BMP-mediated functional cooperation between Dlx5;Dlx6 and Msx1;Msx2 during mammalian limb development.
    9. allelic reduction of Dlx5 and Dlx6 in the mouse results in a POI-like phenotype, characterized by reduced fertility and early follicular exhaustion.
      Title: Allelic reduction of Dlx5 and Dlx6 results in early follicular depletion: a new mouse model of primary ovarian insufficiency.
    10. Data suggets that RNA expression array analysis of the E18.5 striatum is useful in identifying the transcription factors that are expressed in this tissue, but did not identify major changes in gene expression in the Dlx6(LacZ/LacZ) mutant.
      Title: Dlx6 regulates molecular properties of the striatum and central nucleus of the amygdala.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 
    • Targeted (3)  1 citation

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cell differentiation IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within embryonic limb morphogenesis IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in embryonic skeletal system development IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within epithelial cell differentiation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within head development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within inner ear morphogenesis IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within roof of mouth development IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    homeobox protein DLX-6

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_010057.3 → NP_034187.1  homeobox protein DLX-6

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034187.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Source sequence(s)
      AC122240
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS51719.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P70397
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000128585.2, ENSMUST00000171311.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      COG5576
      Location:123 → 279
      COG5576; Homeodomain-containing transcription factor [Transcription]
      pfam00046
      Location:174 → 227
      Homeobox; Homeobox domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000072.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      6863272..6867965
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P70397.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P70397

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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