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    TAC1 tachykinin precursor 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

    Gene ID: 6863, updated on 10-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    TAC1provided by HGNC
    Official Full Name
    tachykinin precursor 1provided by HGNC
    Primary source
    HGNC:HGNC:11517
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSG00000006128 MIM:162320; AllianceGenome:HGNC:11517
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Homo sapiens
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
    Also known as
    NK2; NPK; NKNA; TAC2; Hs.2563
    Summary
    This gene encodes four products of the tachykinin peptide hormone family, substance P and neurokinin A, as well as the related peptides, neuropeptide K and neuropeptide gamma. These hormones are thought to function as neurotransmitters which interact with nerve receptors and smooth muscle cells. They are known to induce behavioral responses and function as vasodilators and secretagogues. Substance P is an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal properties. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
    Expression
    Biased expression in brain (RPKM 24.6), spleen (RPKM 12.4) and 6 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See TAC1 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    7q21.3
    Exon count:
    7
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_08 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 7 NC_000007.14 (97732086..97740472)
    RS_2024_08 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 7 NC_060931.1 (98961638..98970024)
    RS_2024_09 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 7 NC_000007.13 (97361398..97369784)

    Chromosome 7 - NC_000007.14Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105375416 Neighboring gene AP1S2 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 26302 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:97205378-97205956 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:97243215-97243758 Neighboring gene RN7SK pseudogene 104 Neighboring gene BRD4-independent group 4 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:97360557-97361756 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:97407865-97408366 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr7:97475873-97476053 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18386 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:97501601-97502316 Neighboring gene CZ1P-ASNS readthrough Neighboring gene asparagine synthetase (glutamine-hydrolyzing) Neighboring gene small nuclear ribonucleoprotein polypeptide C pseudogene 9 Neighboring gene RPS3A pseudogene 29

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
    • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
    • BioProject: PRJEB4337
    • Publication: PMID 24309898
    • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Phenotypes

    BioGRID CRISPR Screen Phenotypes (11 hits/1245 screens)

    EBI GWAS Catalog

    Description
    Genome-wide association study identifies a region on chromosome 11q14.3 associated with late rectal bleeding following radiation therapy for prostate cancer.
    EBI GWAS Catalog
    Polymorphic markers associated with severe oxaliplatin-induced, chronic peripheral neuropathy in colon cancer patients.
    EBI GWAS Catalog

    HIV-1 interactions

    Protein interactions

    Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
    Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env Cannabinoid inhibits HIV-1 gp120-induced calcium influx mediated by substance P in human brain micro vascular endothelial cells (HBMEC) PubMed
    env Addition of HIV-1 gp120 to monocyte-derived macrophages (MDM) enhances substance P (SP) expression; this gp120-induced SP expression is abrogated by pretreating the cells with soluble CD4 PubMed

    Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables neuromedin K receptor binding PubMed 
    enables protein binding PubMed 
    enables receptor ligand activity PubMed 
    enables substance K receptor binding PubMed 
    enables substance P receptor binding  
    enables substance P receptor binding PubMed 
    Items 1 - 25 of 26
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    involved_in antibacterial humoral response PubMed 
    involved_in antifungal humoral response PubMed 
    involved_in antimicrobial humoral immune response mediated by antimicrobial peptide PubMed 
    involved_in cell-cell signaling PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to nerve growth factor stimulus  
    involved_in chemical synaptic transmission  
    involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium PubMed 
    involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium PubMed 
    involved_in detection of abiotic stimulus PubMed 
    involved_in detection of temperature stimulus involved in sensory perception of pain PubMed 
    involved_in inflammatory response  
    involved_in innate immune response PubMed 
    involved_in insemination PubMed 
    involved_in killing of cells of another organism PubMed 
    involved_in negative regulation of systemic arterial blood pressure PubMed 
    involved_in neuropeptide signaling pathway  
    involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration  
    involved_in positive regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of flagellated sperm motility PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of sensory perception of pain PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of sensory perception of pain PubMed 
    involved_in response to pain  
    involved_in response to yeast PubMed 
    involved_in sensory perception of pain  
    involved_in tachykinin receptor signaling pathway  
    involved_in tachykinin receptor signaling pathway PubMed 
    Items 1 - 25 of 26
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in axon  
    located_in extracellular region  
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space PubMed 
    located_in neuronal cell body  
    located_in synapse  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    protachykinin-1
    Names
    PPT
    neurokinin 1
    neurokinin 2
    neurokinin A
    neurokinin alpha
    neuromedin L
    neuropeptide K
    neuropeptide gamma
    preprotachykinin
    protachykinin
    substance K
    substance P
    tachykinin 2
    tachykinin, precursor 1 (substance K, substance P, neurokinin 1, neurokinin 2, neuromedin L, neurokinin alpha, neuropeptide K, neuropeptide gamma)

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_003182.3 → NP_003173.1  protachykinin-1 isoform beta precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003173.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: Transcript variant beta encodes the full-length form of this gene. It encodes hormones substance P, neurokinin A, as well as the neuropeptide K.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF050655, DN992454, U37529
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5649.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O60600, O60601, P20366, Q00072, Q53GH4, Q549V0, Q549V1, Q549V2, Q6FHM1
      Related
      ENSP00000321106.5, ENST00000319273.10
    2. NM_013996.3 → NP_054702.1  protachykinin-1 isoform alpha precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_054702.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: As compared to the full-length transcript variant beta, variant alpha lacks exon 6, and therefore does not encode neuropeptide K, neurokinin A, or neuropeptide gamma. This transcript does encode the hormone substance P located on exon 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF050656, DN992454, U37529
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5650.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P20366
      Related
      ENSP00000289576.4, ENST00000350485.8
    3. NM_013997.3 → NP_054703.1  protachykinin-1 isoform gamma precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_054703.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: As compared to the full-length transcript variant beta, variant gamma lacks exon 4, and therefore does not encode neuropeptide K. This transcript does encode substance P, neurokinin A, and is the only variant that encodes neuropeptide gamma.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF050657, DN992454, U37529
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS5651.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P20366
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9Y494
      Related
      ENSP00000289574.4, ENST00000346867.4
    4. NM_013998.3 → NP_054704.1  protachykinin-1 isoform delta precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_054704.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: As compared to the full-length transcript variant beta, variant delta lacks both exons 4 and 6; therefore, it does not encode neurokinin A, neuropeptide K, or neuropeptide gamma. It does encode the hormone substance P located on exon 3.
      Source sequence(s)
      AF050658, DN992454, U37529
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P20366

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2024_08

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_000007.14 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

      Range
      97732086..97740472
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Genomic

    1. NC_060931.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

      Range
      98961638..98970024
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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