ACTR2 actin related protein 2 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: ACTR2provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: actin related protein 2provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:169
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000138071 MIM:604221; AllianceGenome:HGNC:169
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ARP2
Summary: The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, the protein it encodes is known to be a major constituent of the ARP2/3 complex. This complex is located at the cell surface and is essential to cell shape and motility through lamellipodial actin assembly and protrusion. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression: Ubiquitous expression in appendix (RPKM 135.1), lymph node (RPKM 134.7) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 2p14

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_08	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	2	NC_000002.12 (65227831..65271253)
RS_2024_08	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	2	NC_060926.1 (65237506..65280921)
RS_2024_09	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	2	NC_000002.11 (65454965..65498387)

Chromosome 2 - NC_000002.12 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Tissue-specific circular RNA induction during human fetal development
Description: 35 human fetal samples from 6 tissues (3 - 7 replicates per tissue) collected between 10 and 20 weeks gestational time were sequenced using Illumina TruSeq Stranded Total RNA
BioProject: PRJNA270632
Publication: PMID 26076956
Analysis date: Mon Apr 2 22:54:59 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Interaction of species A rotavirus VP4 with the cellular proteins vimentin and actin related protein 2 discovered by a proximity interactome assay.
Title: Interaction of species A rotavirus VP4 with the cellular proteins vimentin and actin related protein 2 discovered by a proximity interactome assay.
Transition State of Arp2/3 Complex Activation by Actin-Bound Dimeric Nucleation-Promoting Factor.
Title: Transition State of Arp2/3 Complex Activation by Actin-Bound Dimeric Nucleation-Promoting Factor.
ARPC5 isoforms and their regulation by calcium-calmodulin-N-WASP drive distinct Arp2/3-dependent actin remodeling events in CD4 T cells.
Title: ARPC5 isoforms and their regulation by calcium-calmodulin-N-WASP drive distinct Arp2/3-dependent actin remodeling events in CD4 T cells.
A familial 2p14 microdeletion disrupting actin-related protein 2 and Ras-related protein Rab-1A genes with intellectual disability and language impairment.
Title: A familial 2p14 microdeletion disrupting actin-related protein 2 and Ras-related protein Rab-1A genes with intellectual disability and language impairment.
Proline-rich 11 (PRR11) drives F-actin assembly by recruiting the actin-related protein 2/3 complex in human non-small cell lung carcinoma.
Title: Proline-rich 11 (PRR11) drives F-actin assembly by recruiting the actin-related protein 2/3 complex in human non-small cell lung carcinoma.
Overall, the authors demonstrate the active role of the Arp2/3 complex and WIPF2 in mediating the internalization of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia into human airway epithelial cells.
Title: Phagocytosis of Aspergillus fumigatus by Human Bronchial Epithelial Cells Is Mediated by the Arp2/3 Complex and WIPF2.
Proteins involved in actin-filament-based processes, specifically CDC42 and members of the ARP2/3 complex are crucial for establishment of Japanese encephalitis virus infection.
Title: Membrane trafficking RNA interference screen identifies a crucial role of the clathrin endocytic pathway and ARP2/3 complex for Japanese encephalitis virus infection in HeLa cells.
we show that drebrin and hCDC14A regulate the recruitment of the actin organizer Arp2 to centrosomes. In addition, during ciliogenesis hCDC14A also regulates endocytosis and targeting of myosin Va vesicles to the basal body in a drebrin-independent manner, indicating that it impacts primary cilia formation in a multilayered manner.
Title: The human phosphatase CDC14A modulates primary cilium length by regulating centrosomal actin nucleation.
Collectively, our results demonstrate that palladin can functionally replace the Arp2/3 complex during bacterial actin-based cellular entry and intracellular motility of Listeria monocytogenes.
Title: Palladin Compensates for the Arp2/3 Complex and Supports Actin Structures during Listeria Infections.
RARalpha regulates Arp2/3-mediated actin cytoskeletal dynamics through a non-genomic signaling pathway
Title: Non-genomic activities of retinoic acid receptor alpha control actin cytoskeletal events in human platelets.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (53)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

SHGC-31132 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:21384

RH27241 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:87702

RH38846 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:86995

G20390 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:36577

A005P05 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:36578

SHGC-80003 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:101626

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables ATP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
contributes_to actin filament binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
contributes_to actin filament binding	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables structural constituent of cytoskeleton	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin nucleation	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in asymmetric cell division	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in cellular response to type II interferon	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within cilium assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cytosolic transport	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in meiotic chromosome movement towards spindle pole	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in meiotic cytokinesis	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of double-strand break repair via homologous recombination	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
NOT involved_in regulation of double-strand break repair via nonhomologous end joining	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in spindle localization	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
part_of Arp2/3 protein complex	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in actin cap	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in actin cytoskeleton	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
located_in azurophil granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in cell cortex	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cell projection	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in cytoplasm	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in extracellular region	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in ficolin-1-rich granule lumen	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in membrane	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in nucleus	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
located_in site of double-strand break	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed

General protein information

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Preferred Names: actin-related protein 2

Names: ARP2 actin related protein 2 homolog; actin-like protein 2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001005386.3 → NP_001005386.1 actin-related protein 2 isoform a

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001005386.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a).

Source sequence(s)

AC007318, AK315205, BX491447, DC404298, W15444

Consensus CDS

CCDS46307.1

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

B4DHK9

Related

ENSP00000367220.4, ENST00000377982.8

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00268
Location:6 → 393

ACTIN; Actin
NM_005722.4 → NP_005713.1 actin-related protein 2 isoform b

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005713.1

Status: REVIEWED

Description

Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame exon compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (b) has the same N- and C-termini but is shorter compared to isoform a.

Source sequence(s)

AC007318, AF006082, DC404298, W15444

Consensus CDS

CCDS1881.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

B2RCP5, D6W5F4, E9PF41, O15142, P61160, Q96C82

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q8IY98

Related

ENSP00000260641.5, ENST00000260641.10

Conserved Domains (1) summary

smart00268
Location:6 → 388

ACTIN; Actin