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    Txnrd3 thioredoxin reductase 3 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 232223, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Txnrd3provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    thioredoxin reductase 3provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:2386711
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000000811 AllianceGenome:MGI:2386711
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    TGR; TR2
    Summary
    The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family, and is a member of the thioredoxin (Trx) system. Three thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) isozymes are found in mammals. TrxRs are selenocysteine-containing flavoenzymes, which reduce thioredoxins, as well as other substrates, and play a key role in redox homoeostasis. This gene encodes the third TrxR, which unlike the other two isozymes, contains an additional N-terminal glutaredoxin (Grx) domain, and shows highest expression in testis. The Grx domain allows this isozyme to participate in both Trx and glutathione systems. It functions as a homodimer containing FAD, and selenocysteine (Sec) at the active site. Sec is encoded by UGA codon that normally signals translation termination. The 3' UTRs of selenoprotein mRNAs contain a conserved stem-loop structure, the Sec insertion sequence (SECIS) element, which is necessary for the recognition of UGA as a Sec codon rather than as a stop signal. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. There is evidence for additional isoforms resulting from the use of a non-AUG (CUG), and an in-frame downstream AUG as translation initiation codons (PMID:20018845). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]
    Expression
    Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 82.0), kidney adult (RPKM 6.4) and 4 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    NEW
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    Try the new Transcript table

    Genomic context

    See Txnrd3 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    6 D1; 6 40.01 cM
    Exon count:
    16
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 6 NC_000072.7 (89620970..89652511)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 6 NC_000072.6 (89643988..89675529)

    Chromosome 6 - NC_000072.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene predicted gene, 19896 Neighboring gene 40S ribosomal protein S17 pseudogene Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer mm1597 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E6453 Neighboring gene vomeronasal 1 receptor, pseudogene 25 Neighboring gene vomeronasal 1 receptor 40

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Variation

    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (3) 
    • Targeted (1)  1 citation

    Pathways from PubChem

    General gene information

    Markers

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables flavin adenine dinucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
     
    enables thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    enables thioredoxin-disulfide reductase (NADPH) activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within blastocyst formation IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in cell differentiation IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cell redox homeostasis IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    involved_in cell redox homeostasis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    acts_upstream_of_or_within glutathione metabolic process IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    PubMed 
    involved_in spermatogenesis IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    is_active_in cytosol IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in cytosol ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in endoplasmic reticulum IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     
    is_active_in mitochondrion IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
     
    located_in nucleoplasm ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
     
    located_in nucleus IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
     

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    thioredoxin reductase 3
    Names
    thioredoxin and glutathione reductase
    thioredoxin reductase TR2
    NP_001171529.1
    NP_001171530.1
    NP_001171531.1
    NP_694802.2

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001178058.1NP_001171529.1  thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001171529.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant and longer transcript. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (1, also known as TGR-L) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the CUG start codon; it is the longest isoform.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK041046, BC076605
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q99MD6, Q9CZE5
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      G3X8P6
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd03419
      Location:76157
      GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...
      TIGR01438
      Location:164652
      TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein
      pfam00070
      Location:347421
      Pyr_redox; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase
      pfam02852
      Location:524634
      Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
    2. NM_001178059.1NP_001171530.1  thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 3

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks two consecutive in-frame coding exons compared to variant 1. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (3) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the CUG start codon. It lacks an internal protein segment compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK041046, AK134987
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D3Z0H7
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd03419
      Location:76157
      GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...
      TIGR01438
      Location:164538
      TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein
      pfam02852
      Location:410520
      Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
    3. NM_001178060.1NP_001171531.1  thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 4

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks two consecutive in-frame coding exons compared to variant 1. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (4) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the AUG start codon. It has a shorter N-terminus and lacks an internal protein segment compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK041046, AK134987
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS57437.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      D3Z0H7
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000098730.3, ENSMUST00000101171.3
      Conserved Domains (3) summary
      cd03419
      Location:39120
      GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...
      TIGR01438
      Location:127501
      TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein
      pfam02852
      Location:373483
      Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain
    4. NM_153162.3NP_694802.2  thioredoxin reductase 3 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_694802.2

      Status: REVIEWED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the predominant and longer transcript. It contains two in-frame translation initiation codons: an upstream non-AUG (CUG) and a downstream AUG codon. The isoform (2, also known as TGR) represented in this RefSeq results from the use of the AUG start codon. It has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK041046, BC076605
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS57436.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      G3X8P6
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000000828.8, ENSMUST00000000828.14
      Conserved Domains (4) summary
      cd03419
      Location:39120
      GRX_GRXh_1_2_like; Glutaredoxin (GRX) family, GRX human class 1 and 2 (h_1_2)-like subfamily; composed of proteins similar to human GRXs, approximately 10 kDa in size, and proteins containing a GRX or GRX-like domain. GRX is a glutathione (GSH) dependent reductase, ...
      TIGR01438
      Location:127615
      TGR; thioredoxin and glutathione reductase selenoprotein
      pfam00070
      Location:310384
      Pyr_redox; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase
      pfam02852
      Location:487597
      Pyr_redox_dim; Pyridine nucleotide-disulphide oxidoreductase, dimerization domain

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000072.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      89620970..89652511
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)