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    Psme2 proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 2 (PA28 beta) [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 19188, updated on 9-Dec-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Psme2provided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 2 (PA28 beta)provided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:1096365
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000079197 AllianceGenome:MGI:1096365
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    PA28b
    Summary
    Contributes to endopeptidase activator activity. Acts upstream of or within antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen. Predicted to be part of proteasome activator complex. Predicted to be active in cytoplasm and nucleoplasm. Is expressed in several structures, including heart; hemolymphoid system; liver; lung; and pancreas. Orthologous to human PSME2 (proteasome activator subunit 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Dec 2024]
    Expression
    Ubiquitous expression in large intestine adult (RPKM 78.6), duodenum adult (RPKM 27.9) and 27 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    See Psme2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    14 C3; 14 28.19 cM
    Exon count:
    12
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 14 NC_000080.7 (55824897..55828558, complement)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 14 NC_000080.6 (55587440..55591101, complement)

    Chromosome 14 - NC_000080.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene fat storage-inducing transmembrane protein 1 Neighboring gene proteasome (prosome, macropain) activator subunit 1 (PA28 alpha) Neighboring gene ER membrane protein complex subunit 9 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E5440 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr14:56210161-56210270 Neighboring gene ring finger protein 31 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr14:56222707-56223021 Neighboring gene interferon regulatory factor 9

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Expression

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    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Characterization of the mouse proteasome regulator PA28b gene. Li Y, et al. Immunogenetics, 1999 Mar. PMID 9914329
    2. Two distinct pathways mediated by PA28 and hsp90 in major histocompatibility complex class I antigen processing. Yamano T, et al. J Exp Med, 2002 Jul 15. PMID 12119343, Free PMC Article
    3. Impaired immunoproteasome assembly and immune responses in PA28-/- mice. Preckel T, et al. Science, 1999 Dec 10. PMID 10591649
    4. Allele-selective effect of PA28 in MHC class I antigen processing. Yamano T, et al. J Immunol, 2008 Aug 1. PMID 18641301
    5. The Mammalian Proteasome Activator PA28 Forms an Asymmetric α(4)β(3) Complex. Huber EM, et al. Structure, 2017 Oct 3. PMID 28867616

    See all (45) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Overexpression of PA28alpha and concomitant upregulation of PA28beta protein reduces depressive-like behavior and enhances learning and memory in female mice. The overexpression of PA28alpha does not increase PA28alphabeta-dependent proteasome activity but could still be linked to its protective functions upon oxidative stress and proteinopathy.
      Title: PA28αβ overexpression enhances learning and memory of female mice without inducing 20S proteasome activity.
    2. Study clarifies the subunit composition and arrangement of PA28ab and provides key insights into the assembly of an asymmetric complex from two highly homologous subunits. Differential scanning fluorimetry experiments and activity assays classify PA28alpha4beta3 as most stable and most active, indicating that this assembly might represent the physiologically relevant species.
      Title: The Mammalian Proteasome Activator PA28 Forms an Asymmetric α(4)β(3) Complex.
    3. Increased PA28B expression is associated with viral myocarditis.
      Title: PA28 modulates antigen processing and viral replication during coxsackievirus B3 infection.
    4. Nrf2-dependent induction of proteasome and Pa28alphabeta regulator are required for adaptation to oxidative stress.
      Title: Nrf2-dependent induction of proteasome and Pa28αβ regulator are required for adaptation to oxidative stress.
    5. demonstrate that PA28 and the proteasome immunosubunits use fundamentally different mechanisms to enhance the supply of MHC class I-binding peptides
      Title: PA28 and the proteasome immunosubunits play a central and independent role in the production of MHC class I-binding peptides in vivo.
    6. PA28-associated proteasome preferentially digested within epitopic sequences of K(d), although correct C-terminal flankings were removed
      Title: Allele-selective effect of PA28 in MHC class I antigen processing.
    7. An alternative splice pattern of the Psme2 (PA28b) gene, which encodes the beta subunit of the proteasome activator PA28, is characterized.
      Title: Nucleotide sequence analysis of the approximately 35-kb segment containing interferon-gamma-inducible mouse proteasome activator genes.
    8. the processing of antigens is regulated by two distinct pathways, one requiring PA28 and the other hsp90
      Title: Two distinct pathways mediated by PA28 and hsp90 in major histocompatibility complex class I antigen processing.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    contributes_to endopeptidase activator activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables identical protein binding ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within antigen processing and presentation of exogenous antigen IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of proteasomal protein catabolic process IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of proteasome activator complex IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    proteasome activator complex subunit 2
    Names
    11S regulator complex subunit beta
    PA28beta
    REG-beta
    activator of multicatalytic protease subunit 2
    protease (prosome, macropain) 28 subunit, beta
    proteasome (prosome, macropain) 28 subunit, beta
    proteasome activator 28 subunit beta

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001029855.1 → NP_001025026.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 2 isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001025026.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate transcription initiation site and uses a distinct start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting protein (isoform 2) has a distinct N-terminus compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AA216967, AA267668, AK012344, BB869062
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS49495.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      G3X9V0
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000107009.4, ENSMUST00000111378.10
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam02251
      Location:9 → 57
      PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
      pfam02252
      Location:88 → 229
      PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit

    2. NM_011190.3 → NP_035320.1  proteasome activator complex subunit 2 isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_035320.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AA216967, AK012344, BU563130, BY134400, BY498670, CA536627
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS49494.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      O35562, P97372
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A1G5SJA5, Q5SVP3
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000123798.2, ENSMUST00000161807.8
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam02251
      Location:12 → 66
      PA28_alpha; Proteasome activator pa28 alpha subunit
      pfam02252
      Location:94 → 235
      PA28_beta; Proteasome activator pa28 beta subunit

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000080.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      55824897..55828558 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    P97372.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P97372

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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