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    Prl prolactin [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 19109, updated on 4-Jan-2025

    Summary

    Official Symbol
    Prlprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    prolactinprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:97762
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000021342 AllianceGenome:MGI:97762
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Gha1; Prl1a1
    Summary
    Predicted to enable hormone activity and prolactin receptor binding activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including maternal behavior; positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; and positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT. Located in secretory granule. Is expressed in hippocampus; pituitary gland; placenta; and trophoblast giant cell. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in carotid artery disease; impulse control disorder; and prolactinoma. Orthologous to human PRL (prolactin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Jan 2025]
    Expression
    Low expression observed in reference dataset See more
    Orthologs
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    Genomic context

    See Prl in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    13 A3.1; 13 12.25 cM
    Exon count:
    5
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 13 NC_000079.7 (27241553..27249187)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 13 NC_000079.6 (27057570..27065204)

    Chromosome 13 - NC_000079.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene 60S ribosomal protein L27a-like Neighboring gene HDGF like 1 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_34013 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_34014 Neighboring gene prolactin family 3, subfamily d, member 1 Neighboring gene prolactin family 3, subfamily d, member 1

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

    Expression

    • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
    • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
    • BioProject: PRJNA66167
    • Publication: PMID 25409824
    • Analysis date: n/a

    Bibliography

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?

    Variation

    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 
    • Targeted (2)  1 citation

    Pathways from PubChem

    Interactions

    General gene information

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables hormone activity  
    enables hormone activity PubMed 
    enables prolactin receptor binding  
    enables prolactin receptor binding  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of cell population proliferation PubMed 
    involved_in cell surface receptor signaling pathway  
    acts_upstream_of epithelial cell proliferation PubMed 
    involved_in female pregnancy  
    involved_in lactation  
    involved_in mammary gland development  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within mammary gland development PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within maternal behavior PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of negative regulation of endothelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of canonical NF-kappaB signal transduction  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of cell population proliferation PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of epithelial cell proliferation  
    involved_in positive regulation of lactation  
    involved_in positive regulation of miRNA transcription  
    involved_in positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT PubMed 
    involved_in positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT  
    involved_in prolactin signaling pathway  
    involved_in regulation of ossification  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT PubMed 
    involved_in response to nutrient levels  
    involved_in signal transduction  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in extracellular region  
    located_in extracellular region  
    is_active_in extracellular space  
    located_in extracellular space  
    located_in secretory granule PubMed 
    located_in secretory granule  

    General protein information

    Preferred Names
    prolactin
    Names
    growth hormone a1

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

    NEW Try the new Transcript table

    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_001163530.1NP_001157002.1  prolactin isoform 2 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001157002.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the coding region, compared to variant 1. This results in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1.
      Source sequence(s)
      AK133645, AL591843
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TT66, Q9CPQ0
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000018061.6, ENSMUST00000018061.7
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd10288
      Location:31227
      prolactin_like; Prolactin (PRL or PRL1), chorionic somatomammotropin, and related pituitary gland hormones
    2. NM_011164.2NP_035294.2  prolactin isoform 1 precursor

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_035294.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
      Source sequence(s)
      AK161619, AL591843
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS26389.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      P06879, Q544X8
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q9CPQ2
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000105998.4, ENSMUST00000110369.10
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd10288
      Location:32228
      prolactin_like; Prolactin (PRL or PRL1), chorionic somatomammotropin, and related pituitary gland hormones

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000079.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      27241553..27249187
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
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