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    RGL2 RGA-like 2 [ Arabidopsis thaliana (thale cress) ]

    Gene ID: 821251, updated on 18-Sep-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    RGL2
    Official Full Name
    RGA-like 2
    Primary source
    TAIR:AT3G03450
    Locus tag
    AT3G03450
    See related
    Araport:AT3G03450
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    REVIEWED
    Organism
    Arabidopsis thaliana (ecotype: Columbia)
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta; Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae; rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis
    Also known as
    RGA-like 2; T21P5.13; T21P5_13
    Summary
    Encodes a DELLA protein, a member of the GRAS superfamily of putative transcription factors. DELLA proteins restrain the cell proliferation and expansion that drives plant growth. Negative regulator of the response to GA in controlling seed germination. GA triggers the degradation of RGL2 protein in a process blocked by both proteasome inhibitors and serine/threonine phosphatase inhibitors. The protein undergoes degradation in response to GA via the 26S proteasome. RGL2 may be involved in reducing ROS accumulation in response to stress by up-regulating the transcription of superoxide dismutases. Rapidly degraded in response to GA. Regulates GA-promoted seed germination. Involved in flower and fruit development.
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    Genomic context

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    See RGL2 in Genome Data Viewer
    Location:
    chromosome: 3
    Exon count:
    1
    Sequence:
    Chromosome: 3; NC_003074.8 (819337..821652, complement)

    Chromosome 3 - NC_003074.8Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene Calcium-binding EF-hand family protein Neighboring gene ARM repeat superfamily protein Neighboring gene mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit-like protein Neighboring gene cytochrome P450, family 87, subfamily A, polypeptide 9

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Genomic Sequence:
    NC_003074.8

    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Gibberellin regulates Arabidopsis seed germination via RGL2, a GAI/RGA-like gene whose expression is up-regulated following imbibition. Lee S, et al. Genes Dev, 2002 Mar 1. PMID 11877383, Free PMC Article
    2. Identification of the conserved serine/threonine residues important for gibberellin-sensitivity of Arabidopsis RGL2 protein. Hussain A, et al. Plant J, 2005 Oct. PMID 16167898
    3. A seed coat bedding assay shows that RGL2-dependent release of abscisic acid by the endosperm controls embryo growth in Arabidopsis dormant seeds. Lee KP, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2010 Nov 2. PMID 20956298, Free PMC Article
    4. Insights into the molecular mechanism of RGL2-mediated inhibition of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana. Stamm P, et al. BMC Plant Biol, 2012 Oct 4. PMID 23035751, Free PMC Article
    5. A Novel RGL2-DOF6 Complex Contributes to Primary Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana by Regulating a GATA Transcription Factor. Ravindran P, et al. Mol Plant, 2017 Oct 9. PMID 28917589

    See all (39) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Complex control of seed germination timing by ERF50 involves RGL2 antagonism and negative feedback regulation of DOG1.
      Title: Complex control of seed germination timing by ERF50 involves RGL2 antagonism and negative feedback regulation of DOG1.
    2. Interplay between REVEILLE1 and RGA-LIKE2 regulates seed dormancy and germination in Arabidopsis.
      Title: Interplay between REVEILLE1 and RGA-LIKE2 regulates seed dormancy and germination in Arabidopsis.
    3. NF-YC-RGL2-ABI5 module integrates gibberellic acid and abscisic acid signalling pathways during seed germination
      Title: The NF-YC-RGL2 module integrates GA and ABA signalling to regulate seed germination in Arabidopsis.
    4. RGL2-containing protein complex can bind the promoter of GATA12 and thereby regulate its expression
      Title: A Novel RGL2-DOF6 Complex Contributes to Primary Seed Dormancy in Arabidopsis thaliana by Regulating a GATA Transcription Factor.
    5. The data indicate that AtGASA6 links RGL2 and AtEXPA1 functions and plays a role as an integrator of gibberellin, abscisic acid, and glucose signaling, resulting in the regulation of seed germination through a promotion of cell elongation.
      Title: Gibberellic Acid-Stimulated Arabidopsis6 Serves as an Integrator of Gibberellin, Abscisic Acid, and Glucose Signaling during Seed Germination in Arabidopsis.
    6. RGL2 promotes the entrance in secondary dormancy through ABI5 action.
      Title: Molecular mechanisms underlying the entrance in secondary dormancy of Arabidopsis seeds.
    7. RGL2 directly regulates several genes affecting various physiological aspects to inhibit germination.
      Title: Insights into the molecular mechanism of RGL2-mediated inhibition of seed germination in Arabidopsis thaliana.
    8. The persistent high ABA levels in imbibed dormant seeds requires the permanent expression of the DELLA gene RGL2, where it remains insensitive to gibberellins (GA) unlike in nondormant seeds.
      Title: A seed coat bedding assay shows that RGL2-dependent release of abscisic acid by the endosperm controls embryo growth in Arabidopsis dormant seeds.
    9. Data documented that Lys-29 of ubiquitin is the major site for ubiquitin chain formation to mediate DELLA protein degradation that also required protein Ser/Thr dephosphorylation activity. The LZ domain is essential for both their stability and activity.
      Title: Biochemical insights on degradation of Arabidopsis DELLA proteins gained from a cell-free assay system.
    10. RGL2 inhibits Arabidopsis seed germination by stimulating abscisic acid synthesis
      Title: The gibberellic acid signaling repressor RGL2 inhibits Arabidopsis seed germination by stimulating abscisic acid synthesis and ABI5 activity.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Homology

    NM_111216.3

    Gene Ontology Provided by TAIR

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity ISS
    Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables protein binding IPI
    Inferred from Physical Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within hyperosmotic salinity response IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within jasmonic acid mediated signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of gibberellic acid mediated signaling pathway TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within negative regulation of seed germination IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of reactive oxygen species metabolic process IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of seed dormancy process IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of seed dormancy process IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in regulation of seed germination IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within regulation of seed germination IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to abscisic acid IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to abscisic acid IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to ethylene IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to gibberellin IEP
    Inferred from Expression Pattern
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to salt stress IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within salicylic acid mediated signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    located_in nucleus IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in nucleus ISM
    Inferred from Sequence Model
    more info
    		  
    located_in nucleus TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		 PubMed 

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    RGA-like 2
    NP_186995.1
    • RGA-like 2 (RGL2); CONTAINS InterPro DOMAIN/s: Transcriptional factor DELLA, N-terminal (InterPro:IPR021914), Transcription factor GRAS (InterPro:IPR005202); BEST Arabidopsis thaliana protein match is: RGA-like protein 3 (TAIR:AT5G17490.1); Has 2697 Blast hits to 2637 proteins in 314 species: Archae - 0; Bacteria - 4; Metazoa - 0; Fungi - 0; Plants - 2690; Viruses - 0; Other Eukaryotes - 3 (source: NCBI BLink).

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    Genome Annotation

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference assembly

    Genomic

    1. NC_003074.8 Reference assembly

      Range
      819337..821652 complement
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_111216.3 → NP_186995.1  RGA-like 2 [Arabidopsis thaliana]

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_186995.1

      Status: REVIEWED

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q8GXW1, Q9SRP9
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      A0A178VH73, A0A5S9X9U9, A0A654F539
      Conserved Domains (2) summary
      pfam03514
      Location:180 → 545
      GRAS; GRAS domain family
      pfam12041
      Location:45 → 109
      DELLA; Transcriptional regulator DELLA protein N terminal
    Nucleotide Protein
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8GXW1.2

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